Vol :37 Issue No.1 2012 - Open House International

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Jieheerah Yun open house international Vol.37 No.1, March 2012 Remodelling Of The Vernacular In Bukchon Hanoks Figure 6. A View of Hyundai Building from the edge of Bukchon. Source: Author. C ONC LU SION:FUTURE OF HANOK The future of urban hanok remains uncertain. Controversies surround the definition as well as scope of hanok. While the preservation guideline is designed to promote vernacular houses by integrating technology into traditional forms, they are not effective in preventing cases which seemingly adhere to guidelines without substantial consideration of local urban context. Ironically, efforts to develop alternative housing type have produced negative externalities such as increased conflicts among neighbors and gentrification. At the same time, narrow definition of hanok in the guideline encouraged stylistic uniformity. However, urban hanoks do not have to remain as cultural artifacts to avoid becoming an excuse for new constructions of fortress-like villas. First, current definition of hanok in the guideline as “wooden structure with tiled roof” has to be rearticulated to allow flexible re-interpretation of vernacular house. Although intricate restoration guidelines are designed to prevent sprouting of unorthodox structures, presence of fortress-hanoks illustrates that such guidelines can be easily avoided. Rather, what is needed is a greater level of participation by resi- 4 6 dent themselves in determining the type of a vernacular house they wish to build. As things stand now, residents have to resort to tiled roof hanok in order to qualify for financial aid even if they wish to build different types. Considering that most of Koreans had lived in thatched-roof houses, such measure harms the preservation of diverse types of vernacular houses. Other types of hanok such as thatched-roof structures and bark roofs should not be excluded just because they present higher maintenance work. Second, incorporating resident’s memory of living in hanoks can supplement the lack of stylistic diversity. When considering vernacular house forms, various types of information such as informal correspondences should supplement formal documents. Disproportionate reliance on formal documents can lead to negative consequences. Currently, regenerated hanoks observing the aesthetics of the guidelines stop short at replicating the exterior of traditional forms without considering the experiential component. For instance, floor plans of remodeled hanoks show strict separation of functions just like modernist apartment instead of reflecting flexible utilization of space, which is the main characteristic of hanok. Although traditional multi-purpose spaces such as Daechung, main floored hall, replace living room in contemporary hanok, strict functional differences among kitchen, bathroom, and bedroom remain. Just as it is absurd to suggest that there is one single definition of a vernacular house, it is unreasonable to suggest that a priori category of hanok exists within Korean society. Hence, it is necessary to restore the balance between imagined and lived aspect of a vernacular house. Only tireless effort to integrate diversity within the vernacular can bring a meaningful application of tradition in contemporary dwellings.
R EF ERENCES ANDERSON, B.R. 1983, Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism, Verso, London; New York. CHO, H. S. 2009, “The Most Beautiful House in the World” in Let’s Live in Hanok, Hanok e Sar riratta: Ar mdapke Toesallin Hanok Iyagi, Dolbegae, Seoul. GALE, J.S. 1901, “Han-Yang (Seoul)” Transactions of the Korea Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 2-2. GLASSIE, H. 1990, “Architects, Vernacular Traditions, and Society”, in Traditional Dwellings and Settlement Review, Vol. 1, No.2. HABRAKEN, N.J. 1985, “Lives of Systems”, in Open House International, Vol.10, No.4. HOBSBAWM, E. and RANGER, T. eds. 1983, The invention of Tradition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge; New York. HWANG, H. 2005, Maechonyarok,Edited by Hyungtack Lym, Moonji Publishing, Seoul. KIM, G. C and KWAN, J. 2004, The Architecture of Light and Calm, Myongmuk ui Gonchuk, Ahn Graphics, Seoul. KIM, K. Y. 2003, The Meaning of Traditional House Hanok in Urban Korea: A Case Study of Bukchon in Seoul, Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Department of Anthropology, Seoul National University. KIM, S. 2009, “After Moving into Hanok…”, “Hanok e Isa Wa Boni…” , Hankyoreh Newspaper. December 14th, 2009. LEE, J. J. 2008, “Bukchon, The Rich’s Second House?”, “Bukchon, Buja dul ui Second House?”, Maal, August 2008. LEE, S. Y. 2006, “The Role of Civil Society Organization in the Place-making: Case Study of North Village in Seoul”, Space and Society, Gonggan kwa Sahoe. Vol. 25. OH, J. H. 2009, “More Hanok Villages after the North Village?” “Bukchon Malgo Hanok Ma lyi tto Saenggin Dago?”, Asia Economics May 15th, 2009. OLIVER, P. 1989, “Handed Down Architecture: Tradition and Transmission”, in Nezar Alsayyad and Jean-Paul Bourdier, eds. Dwellings, Settlements and Tradition: Cross-Cultural Perspectives. University Press of America, Lanham, Md. OPEN BUILDING FOUNDATION. 1991, “Consumer Oriented Design, Building & Management: Policy Plan of the Open Building Foundation”, in Open House International, Vol.16, No.4. RAPOPORT, A. 1989, “On the Attributes of ‘Tradition’”, in Nezar Alsayyad and Jean-Paul Bourdier, eds. Dwellings, Settlements and Tradition: Cross-Cultural Perspectives. University Press of America, Lanham, Md. SEOUL METROPOLITAN GOVERNMENT. 2001, Basic Plans to Re-make Bukchon, Bukchon Gakkugi Gibon Gaehoek, Seoul Development Institute, Seoul. SEOUL METROPOLITAN GOVERNMENT, Official Website of North Village http://bukchon.seoul.go.kr/eng/index.jsp, accessed in 2009. SIN, Y. 2000, Hanok We Must All Know, Uri ka Ch ngmal Araya hal uri Hanok, Hyeonamsa, Seoul. SOCIETY OF HANOK GONGGAN. 2004, Cultural Space of Hanok, Hanok ui Konggan Munhwa, Kimoonsa, Seoul. WYATT, B. 1986, “The Challenge of Addressing Vernacular Architecture in a State Historic Preservation Survey Program”, Perspectives in Vernacular Architecture, Vol. 2. Author’s Address: Jieheerah Yun 338 Wurster Hall University Of California, Berkeley, Ca 94720-1820 USA & 2601 Hill Top Drive, #1325, San Pablo, Ca 84806, USA 4 7 open house international Vol.37 No.1, March 2012 Remodelling Of The Vernacular In Bukchon Hanoks Jieheerah Yun
Page 1 and 2: open house international w w w . o
Page 3 and 4: Contents o pe n ho use inte rnat io
Page 5 and 6: Previous Issues Vol.36 No.2 2011 OP
Page 7 and 8: Editorial The composition and subje
Page 9 and 10: Figure 1. Lima: the PREVI quarter t
Page 11 and 12: Figure 3. Remodelling of PREVI hous
Page 13 and 14: Table 1. The three PREVI-PP1 techno
Page 15 and 16: Figure 9&10. Tabibloc: rationalised
Page 17 and 18: to evaluating technical capabilitie
Page 19 and 20: nition and custom treatment’ at t
Page 21 and 22: Industrialised Building System (IBS
Page 23 and 24: Table 2. Correspondence between sat
Page 25 and 26: Table 5. Aspects of respondents’
Page 27 and 28: Table 9. Counts on renovation jobs
Page 29 and 30: LARSON, K., INTILLE, S., MCLEISH, T
Page 31 and 32: 2008). Disaster preparedness relies
Page 33 and 34: especially when these agencies have
Page 35 and 36: STR ATEGIC PLANNING OF POST-DIS- A
Page 37 and 38: housing. The Ministry awarded the w
Page 39 and 40: Table 1. Importance placed on the v
Page 41 and 42: JOHNSON C. 2007, Impacts of prefabr
Page 43 and 44: Figure 1. Map of Old Seoul, the cir
Page 45 and 46: Figure 3. Remodeled hanoks in Bukch
Page 47: Figure 5. Although contemporary han
Page 51 and 52: cases, have been exclusively occupi
Page 53 and 54: typical floors with standard plans
Page 55 and 56: design creates a relationship betwe
Page 57 and 58: healthier building. Finally, Yeang
Page 59 and 60: Figure 7 a&b. The sky bridges as pu
Page 61 and 62: ing as a shading device. As the mai
Page 63 and 64: Figure 10. The reconsideration of t
Page 65 and 66: Figure 12. A diagram for the propos
Page 67 and 68: pleasant environment for residents
Page 69 and 70: (roof and facade) in whole or part;
Page 71 and 72: DED [Department of Economic Develop
Page 73 and 74: Abstract ENVIRONMENTS OF CHANGE: AN
Page 75 and 76: of the poor in identifying and occu
Page 77 and 78: Figure 1. Location of Phumolong inf
Page 79 and 80: Figure 3. View of the informal sett
Page 81 and 82: ate assembly. Hydraform dry-stackin
Page 83 and 84: Figure 8. Phased growth of building
Page 85 and 86: Abstract Ahmed Abu Al Haija Hundred
Page 87 and 88: disciplinary approach, proposing so
Page 89 and 90: egorize the different kinds of stru
Page 91 and 92: Figure 8. Schematic plan of dwellin
Page 93 and 94: Bardeschi, 2004). C ONC LU SIONS Th
Page 95 and 96: Abstract A READING IN CRITICAL REGI
Page 97 and 98: artificial, visual and tactile, myt
Page 99 and 100:
tion of the built environment (Fram
Page 101 and 102:
(Tümertekin, 2010). Tümertekin be
Page 103 and 104:
Figure 14. Rear View of the SM Hous
Page 105 and 106:
Figure 16. B2 House (photo by Cemal
Page 107 and 108:
DECISION MAKING FOR FLEXIBILITY IN
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