Hacking the Xbox
Hacking the Xbox
Hacking the Xbox
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146<br />
<strong>Hacking</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Xbox</strong>: An Introduction to Reverse Engineering<br />
<strong>the</strong>re was insufficient time to analyze <strong>the</strong> system for weaknesses. Ei<strong>the</strong>r<br />
that, or Microsoft knew about <strong>the</strong> TEA weakness and designed this back<br />
door into <strong>the</strong> system to mitigate <strong>the</strong> risk of locking <strong>the</strong>ir FBL into<br />
silicon. It seems ra<strong>the</strong>r doubtful that Microsoft intentionally included this<br />
back door, since modifying <strong>the</strong> MCPX silicon is a very expensive<br />
proposition (although <strong>the</strong> expense ended up on nVidia’s books). On <strong>the</strong><br />
o<strong>the</strong>r hand, complexity is hard to avoid. My advisor at MIT, Tom<br />
Knight, once told me, “There are two kinds of designs in this world:<br />
those that are useful, and those that you can formally prove to be<br />
correct.” To some extent, <strong>the</strong> only way to ensure <strong>the</strong> security of a realworld<br />
system is to make its details open (no security through obscurity!)<br />
and subject <strong>the</strong> system to analysis from all angles. In a way, a thorough<br />
analysis of <strong>Xbox</strong> security is being conducted at no expense to Microsoft,<br />
thanks to <strong>the</strong> hacker community.<br />
Profile: Andy Green (continued)<br />
I was working for in <strong>the</strong> same light.<br />
It was after this that I read about bunnie's hack on Slashdot. I<br />
read about bunnie's methods with some tart emotions. My<br />
main thoughts were that this was something that I could have<br />
done, since I have been using <strong>the</strong> FPGAs that bunnie used<br />
since 1989, admiration for <strong>the</strong> conciseness of <strong>the</strong> attack, and<br />
dismay with myself that I had not been doing something equally<br />
cool and interesting — and that matched with my philosophical<br />
predilictions — with my time. Instead I was sitting <strong>the</strong>re<br />
reading Slashdot, drinking coffee, contributing nothing. (An<br />
aside, I think this is a fairly common experience for many<br />
Slashdot readers, to be a little jealous and challenged when<br />
<strong>the</strong>y read about someone else's cool hacks. I think it explains<br />
<strong>the</strong> constant background noise <strong>the</strong>re of jeering and questioning<br />
why someone would want to do such a thing.)<br />
Over <strong>the</strong> next few weeks I ga<strong>the</strong>red as much information as I<br />
could on <strong>the</strong> internals of <strong>the</strong> <strong>Xbox</strong>; <strong>Xbox</strong>hacker.net was crucial<br />
for this. It’s also where I met Michael Steil as <strong>the</strong> <strong>Xbox</strong><br />
Linux project was starting. Pretty soon I was able to identify<br />
interesting projects that I could contribute to, for example<br />
<strong>the</strong> Milksop project. Again from this, with Surferdude's help, it<br />
became possible for me to put toge<strong>the</strong>r <strong>the</strong> very first clean<br />
ROM which was able to boot and keep up <strong>the</strong> <strong>Xbox</strong> without<br />
being reset. This later became <strong>the</strong> basis of <strong>the</strong> crom<br />
1MB Linux and cromwell, <strong>the</strong> <strong>Xbox</strong> Linux clean ROM. After<br />
<strong>the</strong> initial hacks and designs, I decided to work almost entirely<br />
towards <strong>the</strong> <strong>Xbox</strong> Linux goal.<br />
Can you tell us why you hack <strong>the</strong> <strong>Xbox</strong>?<br />
Why? Everyone has different reasons, but for me it was my<br />
comprehension of Microsoft's outrageous antitrust behaviour<br />
— deny everything, appeal everything, delay everything,<br />
and in <strong>the</strong> meanwhile, create and dump (for <strong>the</strong>y are sold<br />
at below cost) on <strong>the</strong> market millions of Microsoft-only PCs<br />
— <strong>the</strong> <strong>Xbox</strong>. Since our representatives here in Europe and<br />
<strong>the</strong> U.S. don't seem to care (perhaps, as was <strong>the</strong> case recently<br />
in <strong>the</strong> EU, because <strong>the</strong>y plan to go work for Microsoft<br />
(continued)