Hacking the Xbox

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224 Hacking the Xbox: An Introduction to Reverse Engineering more specifics you have up front, the easier you will find the design process. You should have an idea of how big you want the final board to be, how much it should cost, and of course what it should do. I always find it helpful to draw sketches and, in the case of large projects, to write design documents that help me organize and record my thoughts. For the first few designs, one of the most difficult steps will be nailing down an idea, because you won’t know what kinds of components are available to implement your idea, and what sorts of real-world constraints you will have to design around. The best way to get started is to find an existing idea that is very similar to yours and to model your idea after it. (Many chip manufacturers offer free application notes and design samples that form a great starting point.) Another way to define your ideas is to learn from existing products: If you want to build an alarm clock, take an existing clock apart to see how it was built. Schematic Capture Once you have your idea, you need to create a schematic diagram. A schematic is a symbolic representation of your idea, expressed as a collection of part symbols and virtual wires. Most schematic capture software comes with a library of parts to help accelerate the schematic capture process. However, if you do not find the part you need in the library, you will have to build your own schematic symbol. All schematic symbols are linked to a PCB component footprint, which is a pattern of copper on a PC board that mates to a component. One common source of errors stems from not checking the link between the symbol and the footprint: A 16-pin DIP footprint does not fit a 16-pin in-line surface mount connector, and most design tools cannot tell the difference between the two. Therefore, check to make sure that your footprint assignments are all correct, and double and triple check the schematic symbol. In particular, always check and recheck power pins, since they can cause the most difficult and destructive kinds of errors. Consider having a friend double check the symbols as well, to avoid repeating errors or allowing errors to pass unknowingly. (This amount of redundancy may sound silly for simple parts, but it becomes absolutely essential for hundred and thousand-pin parts where your brain becomes mush halfway through the checking process.) Attention to detail from the very beginning is the most important skill for capturing a schematic, and can save you from the headache of frustrating bugs later on. Every pin on every component is there for a reason, and if any pin is left unconnected you should understand why that is or is not okay. To this end, read the product data sheets, including every single page and footnote. Don’t ignore the fine print that requires a pull-up resistor to set startup conditions, or a capacitor to filter noise or stabilize the system or you’re likely to end up with more frustrating bugs.
Your Idea Physical Constraints Component Footprint Libraries Cross- Reference Schematic Symbol Libraries Schematic Capture Tool PCB Layout Tool Physical Verification Manufacturing Design Rule Checks Signal Routing Component Placement Schematic Capture Rule-Based and Hueristic Verifications Appendix C - Getting Into PCB Layout 225 Netlist Gerber Files Bill of Materials Fabrication Bare Board Components Distributor LEGEND Assembly Components or Files Things that you do Your Finished Idea Things that someone else does for you Figure C-1: The board design process, from idea to finished product.
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Hacking the Xbox An Introduction to
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The US government is far and away t
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Hacking the Xbox An Introduction to
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In memory of Aaron Swartz
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Acknowledgments I would like to tha
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CHAPTER 4 Building a USB Adapter Ca
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Strategy Chapter 4 - Building a USB
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Chapter 4 - Building a USB Adapter
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CHAPTER 5 Replacing a Broken Power
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Chapter 5 - Replacing a Broken Powe
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Strategy Chapter 5 - Replacing a Br
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CHAPTER 8 Reverse Engineering Xbox
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Chapter 8 - Reverse Engineering Xbo
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clearance for motherboard component
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CHAPTER 9 Sneaking in the Back Door
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Chapter 9 - Sneaking in the Back Do
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Note Chapter 9 - Sneaking in the Ba
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CHAPTER 11 Developing Software for
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Chapter 11 - Developing Software fo
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Hacking the Xbox

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