Livestock Services and the Poor: A global initiative - IFAD

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4 LIVESTOCK SERVICES AND THE POOR and crowd out the poor livestock keepers who rely on small-scale production units. Beneath these apparent root causes often lies the more deeply rooted political and organizational marginalization of the groups and individuals that are suffering from poverty. The ‘poverty cycle’ describes the condition of poverty Figure 1.1 illustrates the relationship among root causes, the condition of poverty, and the requirements and opportunities necessary so that the poor can escape poverty. The figure places the root causes within a ‘dis-enabling’ environment that surrounds poor livestock keepers. Poor livestock keepers may have resources and capabilities, however limited, but these are not Figure 1.1: The poverty cycle among poor livestock keepers Capabilities ■ Aspirations ■ Skills ■ Motivation ■ Knowledge Resources ■ Natural resources ■ Assets ■ Income Improved livestock services ■ Empowerment of the poor ■ Appropriate technologies Root causes of poverty ■ Lack of political influence ■ Lack of access to land and water ■ Distorted markets ■ Political instability Poor livestock keepers Realizing the benefits of livestock production ■ Enhanced food security ■ Increased income ■ Asset accumulation ■ Increased knowledge and influence Wider needs ■ Good health ■ Housing ■ Food security ■ Education Livestock and related needs ■ Markets ■ Animal health services ■ Advisory services ■ Training ■ Breeding services
INTRODUCTION adequate for livestock production. As long as needs are unfulfilled and capabilities and resources are not enhanced, the poor will remain caught up within the vicious circle of poverty. Improved livestock services can, however, satisfy livestock-related needs, enhance access to resources and strengthen the capabilities of the poor. General needs must obviously be secured at the same time that livestockrelated requirements are addressed. This means that, for poor livestock keepers to emerge from the poverty cycle and realize the benefits of livestock production, attention must be paid to enhanced livestock services, as well as general advances in services that satisfy more general needs. Enhance the capability of the poor and address the root causes of poverty: the way out of the poverty cycle This document analyses various opportunities to intervene at the level of livestock services that can enhance the capabilities of the poor and thereby enable them to increase the benefits of livestock production according to their aspirations. However, unless the root causes of poverty are effectively confronted, such interventions will not have a substantial impact. Poverty reduction strategies require enabling policies that are wide-ranging but that also have an impact at the point of intervention so as to address root causes and thereby enhance the development of pro-poor livestock services. 5
Page 1 and 2: Nearly one billion livestock are ke
Page 3 and 4: © 2004 International Fund for Agri
Page 5 and 6: iv Figures Figure 1.1 The poverty c
Page 8 and 9: Foreword About 900 million of the w
Page 10 and 11: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report, prepa
Page 12 and 13: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The world communi
Page 14 and 15: E XECUTIVE SUMMARY HIV/AIDS AIDS-af
Page 16 and 17: E XECUTIVE SUMMARY delivery of serv
Page 18 and 19: E XECUTIVE SUMMARY access to credit
Page 21 and 22: INTRODUCTION The fight against pove
Page 23: INTRODUCTION identity. Livestock is
Page 28 and 29: 8 LIVESTOCK SERVICES AND THE POOR P
Page 30 and 31: 600 million poor livestock Keepers
Page 32 and 33: 12 LIVESTOCK SERVICES AND THE POOR
Page 36 and 37: Livestock can help cement social ne
Page 48 and 49: 28 Enhancing gender equity may redu
Page 52 and 53: The poor should define their own ne
Page 60 and 61: 40 Inappropriate livestock producti
Page 66 and 67: The public sector must provide an e
Page 68 and 69: Decentralization brings decision-ma
Page 70 and 71: 50 The interests of NGOs are not th
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Dominated by government and NGOs Th
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Producer organizations can also aim
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58 Supply public support through or
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60 LIVESTOCK SERVICES AND THE POOR
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CHAPTER 3 POVERTY FOCUS OF LIVESTOC
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CHAPTER 3: POVERTY FOCUS OF LIVESTO
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Box 3.2 shows five biases of livest
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Box 3.4: Livestock component in Cam
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limited, and the dependency on purc
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Box 3.6: A rabbit project in Togo C
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Table 3.1: Primary features of two
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Box 3.14: Self-help groups in the I
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Box 3.16: Loans for women dairy soc
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RECOMMENDED ACTIONS The overall con
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Focus on Key Issues CHAPTER 4: RECO
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Recommendations CHAPTER 4: RECOMMEN
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The following are required for more
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CHAPTER 4: RECOMMENDED ACTIONS Init
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