The histories of Herodotus;

31-33] BATTLE OF PLATjEA 503
direction of the Thebans. Next the Persians he ranged the
Medes; these fronted the Corinthians, Potidaeans, Orchomenians,
and Sicyonians. Next the Medes he ranged the
Bactrians ; these fronted the Epidaurians, Trcezenians, Lepreatae,
Tirynthians, Mycenaeans, and Phliasians. Next the
Bactrians he stationed the Indians; these fronted the Hermionians,
Eretrians, Styrians, and Chalcidians. Next the
Indians he ranged the Sacae; these fronted the Ampraciots,
Anactorians, Leucadians, Paleans, and iEginetae. And next
the Sacae, and opposite to the Athenians, Plataeans, and Megarians,
he ranged the Boeotians, Locrians, Melians, Thessalians,
and the thousand Phocians ; for all the Phocians did
not side with the Mede; but some of them assisted the cause
of the Greeks, being shut up about Parnassus; and sallying
from thence, they harassed the army of Mardonius, and the
Greeks who were with him. He also ranged the Macedonians,
and those that dwelt about Thessaly, against the Athenians.
These, the most considerable of the nations that were ranged
under Mardonius, have been named, and which were the most
yet there were also mixed
distinguished and of most account ;
with them men of other nations, Phrygians, Thracians, Mysians,
Paeonians, Ethiopians, and others ; and among them those
of the Ethiopians and Egyptians who are called Hermotybians
and Calasirians, armed with swords ; who are the only Egyp-
tians that are warriors. These, while he was still at Phalerus,
for the
he took from on board the ships, they being marines ;
Egyptians were not arrayed with the land forces that came
with Xerxes to Athens. Of barbarians there were three hundred
thousand, as has been already shown; but of Greeks
who were allies of Mardonius no one knows the number, for
they were not reckoned up; but, to make a guess, I conjecture
that they were assembled to the number of fifty thousand.
These, who were thus arrayed, were infantry ; the cavalry
were marshalled apart.
When they were all ranged by nations and battalions,
thereupon, on the second day, both sides offered sacrifices.
For the Greeks, Tisamenus, son of Antiochus, was the person
who sacrificed, for he accompanied this army as diviner;
him, though an Elean, and by extraction a Clytiad of the
Iamidae, the Lacedaemonians had admitted into the number
of their citizens. For when Tisamenus was consulting the
oracle at Delphi about offspring, the Pythian answered that
he should be victorious in five very great contests. He accordingly,
mistaking the answer, applied himself to gymnastic
exercises, as if he were to be victorious in gymnastic contests
;