Volume III, Appendices EM - National Marine Fisheries Service ...

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LHX tags are satellite linked, delayed transmission life history transmitters. The tag allows continuous monitoring from up to five built in sensors. The tag is implanted into the abdominal cavity of a pinniped. When the animal dies, the tag is released from the body and transmits the data to a satellite. The battery life of an LHX tag is well over five years. LHX tags are being evaluated under current NMFS PR1 research permits (Permit No.1034-1685 [California sea lions] and No. 881-1668 [Steller sea lions]). 1.1.7 Marking Marking methods for marine mammals during research activities include, but are not limited to: bleach, crayon, zinc oxide, paint ball, notching, and freeze branding. Crayons, zinc oxide, and paint balls can be used on cetaceans and pinnipeds for temporary, short-term marking. Bleach or dye (human hair dye) markings can be used on pinnipeds. The marks are temporary, with the length of time dependent on molting. Notching can be used to permanently mark cetaceans by cutting a piece from the trailing edge of the dorsal fin. Notching in pinnipeds removes a piece of skin from the hind flipper of phocids (true or earless seals) and the foreflipper of otariids (sea lions and fur seals). Cetaceans can be marked using freeze branding, typically on both sides of the dorsal fin or just below the dorsal fin. Freeze branding is used during health assessment studies to mark all animals for postrelease monitoring. Freeze branding uses liquid nitrogen to destroy the pigment producing cells in skin. Each brand (typically 2" numerals) is supercooled in liquid nitrogen and applied to the dorsal fin for 15-20 seconds. After the brand is removed, the area is wetted to return the skin temperature to normal. Brands will eventually re-pigment, but may remain readable for five years or more. Freeze brands provide long-term markings that may be important during subsequent observations for distinguishing between two animals with similar fin shapes of natural markings. Freeze branding may be used to produce two types of marks on pinnipeds. Short contact by the branding iron destroys pigment producing cells, leaving an unpigmented brand. Longer contact with the brand destroys these cells and the hair, leaving a bald brand (Merrick et al. 1996). During health assessments, each animal is photographed and videotaped to record the locations of freeze brands. Freeze bands are photographed as they are applied, as they rapidly disappear following application. 1.1.8 Sample Collection and Analysis Specimens would be taken from the Order Cetacea and the Order Pinnipedia (except walrus), this includes threatened and endangered species. Specimen materials may include, but are not necessarily limited to: earplugs, teeth, bone, tympanic bullae, ear ossicles, baleen, eyes, muscle, skin, blubber, H-8
internal organs and tissues, reproductive organs, mammary glands, milk or colostrums, serum or plasma, urine, tears, blood or blood cells, cells for culture, bile, fetuses, internal and external parasites, stomach and/ or intestines and their contents, feces, air exhalate, flippers, fins, flukes, head and skull, and whole carcasses. Specimens may be acquired opportunistically with ongoing studies or prospective design plans; therefore specific numbers and kinds of specimens cannot be predetermined. Because all specimens will be acquired opportunistically, the MMHSRP will have minimal control over the age, size, sex, or reproductive condition of any animals that are sampled. Specific methods for biopsies, blood, breath, ultrasound, and other sampling are described below under the corresponding section. <strong>Marine</strong> mammal specimens collected for analysis or archiving would be legally obtained from the following sources: 1. On-going live animal capture/release programs; 2. Live animal capture/release as part of a disease, emergency response, or die-off investigation; 3. Live animals stranded or in rehabilitation; 4. Captive animals, when sampling is beyond the scope of normal husbandry 5. Animals found dead on the beach or at sea; 6. Animals directly taken in fisheries in countries where taking of such animals is legal; 7. Animals killed during subsistence harvests by native communities; 8. Animals killed incidental to recreational and commercial fishing operations; 9. Animals killed incidental to other human activities; 10. Animals found dead as part of NOAA investigations (e.g. harmful algal blooms, oil spills, etc.); 11. Soft parts sloughed, excreted, or discharged by live animals (including blowhole exudate); 12. Live animals during surveillance 13. Bones, teeth, or ivory found on the beach or on land within ¼ mile of the ocean; 14. Confiscated animals (e.g., as part of enforcement action); or 15. Animals legally taken in other permitted research activities in the U.S. or abroad. Specimen and data collection from marine mammal carcasses may follow the necropsy protocols for pinnipeds (Dierauf 1994), right whales (and other large cetaceans) (McLellan et al. 2004), and killer whales (Raverty and Gaydos 2004). These include how samples would be stored, transported, and H-9
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Draft Programmatic Environmental Im
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Table E-1. Protected and Sensitive
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Bird Island Marine Sanctuary Table
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Table E-7. Protected Fisheries Reso
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Common Name Table E-10. Protected B
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Common Name Table E-12. Protected B
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Common Name Guam bridled white-eye
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Table E-14. Marine Mammals Common i
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Page 40 and 41: Marine Mammal Stranding Network Org
Page 42 and 43: Organization/Individual NMFS Southw
Page 44 and 45: Organization/Individual NMFS Pacifi
Page 46 and 47: Individual NMFS Southeast Region (c
Page 48 and 49: Individual NMFS Alaska Region Organ
Page 50 and 51: Individual NMFS Pacific Islands Reg
Page 53 and 54: Teri Rowles, D.V.M., Ph.D. National
Page 55 and 56: Authorization UNITED STATES DEPARTM
Page 57 and 58: PROJECT I1 - ENHANCEMENT ACTIVITIES
Page 59 and 60: . Euthanasia 1) 2) The NMFS Nationa
Page 61 and 62: g. The Holder/PI must not harass or
Page 63 and 64: meets the minimum standards of coll
Page 65 and 66: 2) Live captures; Stranding respons
Page 67 and 68: 4. Persons who require state, Feder
Page 69 and 70: 1 1. Any falsification of informati
Page 71 and 72: Florida Keys National Marine Sanctu
Page 73 and 74: Seattle, Washington 981 58 Blaine 9
Page 75 and 76: 50 CFR $21 6.37 Marine mammal parts
Page 77: APPENDIX H GENERAL DESCRIPTIONS OF
Page 80 and 81: oats. Animals are located by having
Page 82 and 83: In some cases, animals may need to
Page 84 and 85: ecorders (TDRs), life history trans
Page 88 and 89: analyzed. During live animal respon
Page 90 and 91: 1.1.12 Ultrasound Sampling Ultrasou
Page 92 and 93: interfaced to a laptop computer. Th
Page 94 and 95: Recording, ground, and reference su
Page 96 and 97: 2. Future ESA/MMPA Permit Activitie
Page 98 and 99: 3. References Dierauf 1994 Dierauf,
Page 100 and 101: 4. Acronyms ABR Auditory Brainstem
Page 103 and 104: Table 1. Proposed activities over a
Page 105 and 106: Table 1. Proposed activities over a
Page 108 and 109: PERSISTENT CONTAMINANTS IN SELECTED
Page 110 and 111: Table 2. Metadata for Persistent Or
Page 112 and 113: (PCDDs) oxygen atoms. Like PCBs, PC
Page 114 and 115: Although no physiologic requirement
Page 116 and 117: II.B. Concentrations of environment
Page 118 and 119: species targeted in this review, Ca
Page 120 and 121: data exist pertaining to contaminan
Page 122 and 123: _____, 2002c. Draft toxicological p
Page 124 and 125: Houde, M, Wells, R, Fair, P, Bossar
Page 126 and 127: Neale, J., Gulland, F., Schmeltzer,
Page 128 and 129: Tuerk, K, Kucklick, J., Becker, P.,
Page 130 and 131: Table 1. Summary of Concentrations
Page 132 and 133: Table 3. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-
Page 134 and 135: Appendix III. Mercury, Cadmium, Lea
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Cadmium (Cd) (continued) Species Ti
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Lead (Pb) (continued) Mean Date Spe
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h Standard error of the mean i For
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Euthanasia Questionnaire Response S
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Prescott Overview FY01-07 Running T
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YEAR STATE APPLICANT TITLE 2002 200
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YEAR STATE APPLICANT TITLE FEDERAL
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YEAR STATE APPLICANT TITLE 2005 FL
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YEAR STATE APPLICANT TITLE FEDERAL
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APPENDIX L MARINE MAMMAL OIL SPILL
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NOTICE MARINE MAMMAL OIL SPILL RESP
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MARINE MAMMAL OIL SPILL RESPONSE GU
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Organizational Structure Organizati
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Stranding Network and Facility Requ
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Sample Collection and Label: It is
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Wildlife Recovery and Transportatio
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Intake Procedures Initial Intake Pr
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Animal Washing and Continued Care G
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Disposition Release The goal in reh
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Appendix 1. Search Effort Log Searc
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Appendix 2b. Live Marine Mammal Dat
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Appendix 3b. Dead Marine Mammal Dat
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Appendix 5. Oiled Marine Mammal Dai
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Appendix 7. Petroleum Hydrocarbon T
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Appendix 8. Oil Spill Response Labo
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Appendix 10. Chain of Custody Form
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Table 1: Summary of overall statewi
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Table 3: Summary of statewide infor
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