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After the Film Is Finished: Distribution<br />
While HDCam tape is often projected directly, it is very expensive and totally unnecessary. Tape will<br />
likely give way to projection only from server in 4 K or any media format compatible with the digital<br />
projection.<br />
Distribution on Videotape<br />
Distribution on videotape can mean delivery for broadcast or distribution on VHS. While VHS is,<br />
for the most part, another dead format, it is still used. Whether for VHS duplication or broadcast,<br />
the requirements for delivery are essentially the same. A broadcast master tape is delivered to the<br />
broadcaster or duplication house. These are usually made by the same facility that did the online<br />
edit. However, it is also common for producers to take the online edit master to a post house later<br />
for making submasters including broadcast masters. On delivery, the tape will be examined by the<br />
broadcaster or duplication house to look for problems. This inspection is called quality control or<br />
simply QC. Chrominance, luminance, and audio levels are checked. If there are any problems, the<br />
master tape is rejected. The examination is thorough; it is not uncommon for tapes to be rejected.<br />
Digi Beta and D-5 are often used for broadcast masters. VHS duplication masters are usually delivered<br />
on Digi Beta or sometimes even on Beta SP. HD broadcast masters are usually HD Cam or<br />
D-5.<br />
The broadcast master should have a “standard” broadcast head leader:<br />
Tape start at TC 00:58:50 followed by 10 seconds of black<br />
00:59:00:00 30 seconds of color bars<br />
00:59:30:00 5 seconds of black<br />
00:59:35:00 15 seconds info slate (info about the program)<br />
00:59:50:00 2 seconds of black<br />
00:59:52:00 8 seconds of countdown leader (Picture Start frame)<br />
01:00:00:00 Program Video (10:00:00:00 on PAL, 02:00:00:00, 03:00:00:00, and so on, on successive<br />
reels)<br />
Distribution on DVD<br />
DVD has become the most popular home video distribution format. DVD stands for Digital Versatile<br />
Disc, and it truly is that, although most people use Video instead of Versatile. The format is expanding<br />
constantly, with new features added every year. Most DVD consumers are totally unaware of<br />
the upgrades; they are usually compatible and automatic. People load a DVD into their player and<br />
simply expect it to play. And usually it does. Yet, there are many formats and options on DVD.<br />
They come in 4 × 3, 16 × 9, MPEG2, MPEG4, VC-1, H264/AVC (HDVD), and blue ray. Audio<br />
can be PCM, Dolby Digital, Dolby Digital Plus, STS, Dolby True HD, and DTS HD. They can also<br />
play PCM audio CDs, MP3 disc, Photo CD, Data CD, and 5.1 super discs. They are now also available<br />
in standard HDVD and Blue Ray. If all this sounds confusing and complicated, that’s because<br />
it is. Yet, some of the authoring and burning systems are so simple that kids make thousands of<br />
DVDs every day.<br />
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