Impact of Drivetrain on Wind Farm VAR Control - Upwind

UPWIND
Contents
Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................... 8
1. GE Wind Turbine/Generator Modelling ............................................................................ 10
1.1 Modelling Overview....................................................................................................... 10
1.2 Full Converter WTGs .................................................................................................... 10
1.3 WTG Model Structure ................................................................................................... 11
1.4 WTG Dynamic Model.................................................................................................... 12
1.4.1 Generator/Converter Model ................................................................................................. 12
1.4.2 Electrical (Converter) Control Model.................................................................................... 12
1.4.3 Wind Turbine and Turbine Control Model ............................................................................ 12
2. Test System Description .................................................................................................. 13
2.1 Wind Turbine Generator Modelling for Load Flow ........................................................ 13
2.2 Test System Parameters .............................................................................................. 14
2.3 Impedance Allocation <strong>of</strong> Test System Components ..................................................... 15
3. Wind Farm VAR Control for WTGs with Power Electronics for Grid Interface ................. 17
3.1 Wind Farm VAR Design Guidelines.............................................................................. 17
3.1.1 WTG Voltage Control Loop .................................................................................................. 18
3.1.2 Reactive Power Control Loop .............................................................................................. 18
3.1.3 Wind Farm VAR Control Loop.............................................................................................. 19
3.2 Wind VAR Control Parameters Determination.............................................................. 19
3.2.1 Response to a WTG Step Reactive Power Command ........................................................ 19
3.2.2 Response to a Step Change <strong>of</strong> Regulated Voltage ............................................................. 21
3.3 Simulation Results with One and Two Aggregate WTGs Model with DFIG.................. 25
3.3.1 Test Cases ........................................................................................................................... 26
3.3.2 Results Summary and Conclusions ..................................................................................... 26
4. WTG Synchronous Machine ............................................................................................ 30
4.1 Static-Type Excitation System ...................................................................................... 30
4.1.1 Performance <strong>of</strong> Static-Type Excitation System.................................................................... 30
4.1.2 Wind Farm VAR Control using WTG Voltage Control.......................................................... 36
4.1.3 Tuning the PI Controller ....................................................................................................... 36
4.1.4 Test Cases ........................................................................................................................... 38
4.1.5 Results Summary and Conclusions ..................................................................................... 39
4.1.6 Wind Farm VAR Control with WTG Reactive Power Control Implementation..................... 42
4.1.7 Reactive Power Control Loop .............................................................................................. 42
4.1.8 Wind Farm VAR Control Loop.............................................................................................. 44
4.1.9 Test Cases and Results ....................................................................................................... 48
4.2 Brushless-Type Excitation System ............................................................................... 50
4.2.1 Performance <strong>of</strong> Brushless-Type Excitation System............................................................. 50
4.2.2 Wind Farm VAR Control using WTG Voltage Control.......................................................... 54
4.2.3 Test Cases and Conclusions ............................................................................................... 56
4.2.4 Wind Farm VAR Control with WTG Reactive Power Control Implementation..................... 59
4.2.5 Test Cases and Results ....................................................................................................... 63
5. Summary.......................................................................................................................... 65
6. Acknowledgements .......................................................................................................... 66
7. References....................................................................................................................... 66
Deliverable D5.9.1 3