Impact of Drivetrain on Wind Farm VAR Control - Upwind

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UPWIND List <strong>of</strong> Figures Figure 1-1. GE 1.5 and 3.6 WTG major components. ............................................................................... 10 Figure 1-2. Full converter WTG major components. ................................................................................. 11 Figure 1-3. GE WTG dynamic model structure.......................................................................................... 12 Figure 2-1. Wind turbine load flow model. ................................................................................................. 13 Figure 2-2. Test System............................................................................................................................. 14 Figure 2-3. Impedance allocation <strong>of</strong> system components with all WTGs online. ...................................... 16 Figure 2-4. Impedance allocation <strong>of</strong> system components with half <strong>of</strong> WTGs online................................. 16 Figure 3-1. Wind farm VAR control block diagram. ................................................................................... 17 Figure 3-2. System response to a step reactive power command (Qcmd) for different SCRs.................... 21 Figure 3-3. System response to a step change <strong>of</strong> regulated voltage for different SCRs (324 MW, all WTGs are connected at full power)................................................................................................... 23 Figure 3-4. System response to a step change <strong>of</strong> regulated voltage for different SCRs with Fn=1.0 (162 MW, half <strong>of</strong> WTGs are connected at full power). .............................................................................. 24 Figure 3-5. System response to a step change <strong>of</strong> regulated voltage for different SCRs with Fn=0.5 (162MW, half <strong>of</strong> WTGs are connected at full power). ....................................................................... 25 Figure 3-6. Wind farm representation and the VAR control structure. ...................................................... 26 Figure 4-1. Static excitation control block diagram.................................................................................... 30 Figure 4-2. Open loop Bode diagram <strong>of</strong> the static excitation system. ....................................................... 32 Figure 4-3. Closed loop Bode diagram <strong>of</strong> the static excitation system...................................................... 33 Figure 4-4. Static excitation system response with all WTGs in service (324 MW). ................................. 34 Figure 4-5. Static excitation system response with half <strong>of</strong> the WTGs in service (162 MW). ..................... 35 Figure 4-6. Wind farm VAR control block diagram with static excitation system....................................... 36 Figure 4-7. System response with VAR control for different PI controller settings with half <strong>of</strong> the WTGs in service (static excitation, SCR=5). .................................................................................................... 38 Figure 4-8. Wind farm VAR control block diagram for synchronous machine WTG. ................................ 42 Figure 4-9. System response with static excitation <strong>of</strong> synchronous WTG to a 0.3 pu step change <strong>of</strong> the reference WTG reactive power (324 MW, all WTGs in service). ...................................................... 44 Figure 4-10. System response with static excitation <strong>of</strong> synchronous WTG to a regulated voltage step change (vrfg) for different SCRs (all WTGs in service with Fn=1). ..................................................... 46 Figure 4-11. System response with static excitation <strong>of</strong> synchronous WTG to a regulated voltage step change (vrfg) for different SCRs (half <strong>of</strong> WTGs in service with Fn=0.5)............................................. 47 Figure 4-12. Brushless excitation control block diagram. .......................................................................... 50 Figure 4-13. Open loop Bode diagram <strong>of</strong> the brushless excitation system. .............................................. 51 Figure 4-14. Closed loop Bode diagram <strong>of</strong> the brushless excitation system............................................. 52 Figure 4-15. Brushless excitation system response with all WTGs in service (324 MW). ........................ 53 Figure 4-16. Brushless excitation system response with half <strong>of</strong> the WTGs in service (162 MW). ............ 54 Figure 4-17. Wind farm VAR control block diagram with brushless excitation system. ............................ 55 Figure 4-18. System response with VAR control for different PI controller settings with half <strong>of</strong> the WTGs in service (brushless excitation, SCR=5). ......................................................................................... 56 Figure 4-19. A voltage collapse case with half <strong>of</strong> WTGs for system SCR 20............................................ 57 Figure 4-20. System response with brushless excitation <strong>of</strong> synchronous WTG to a 0.3 pu step change <strong>of</strong> the reference WTG reactive power (324 MW, all WTGs are in service)........................................... 60 Deliverable D5.9.1 4
UPWIND Figure 4-21. System response with brushless excitation <strong>of</strong> synchronous WTG to a regulated voltage step change (vrfg) for different SCRs (all WTGs in service with Fn=1). ..................................................... 61 Figure 4-22. System response with brushless excitation <strong>of</strong> synchronous WTG to a regulated voltage step change (vrfg) for different SCRs (half <strong>of</strong> WTGs in service with Fn=0.5)............................................. 62 Deliverable D5.9.1 5
Page 1 and 2: Project UpWind Contract No.: 019945
Page 3: UPWIND Contents Executive Summary .
Page 7 and 8: UPWIND Glossary DFIG Doubly Fed Ind
Page 9 and 10: UPWIND conventional synchronous mac
Page 11 and 12: UPWIND dynamic model basis as in th
Page 13 and 14: UPWIND available wind power is less
Page 15 and 16: UPWIND Table 2-2. Wind farm system
Page 17 and 18: UPWIND 3. Wind Farm VAR Control for
Page 19 and 20: UPWIND 3.1.3 Wind Farm VAR Control
Page 21 and 22: UPWIND SCR:20 SCR:5 y-axis (min) y-
Page 23 and 24: UPWIND SCR:20 SCR:5 SCR:3 Figure 3-
Page 27 and 28: UPWIND +/- 10% of
Page 29 and 30: UPWIND Scenario Case SCR MVA base W
Page 31 and 32: UPWIND Table 4-1. Parameters <stron
Page 33 and 34: UPWIND Magnitude (dB) Phase (deg) 2
Page 37 and 38: UPWIND 20 3 0.2 1.65 3.3 5 3 0.49 0
Page 39 and 40: UPWIND 4.1.5 Results Summary and Co
Page 41 and 42: UPWIND Table 4-4. Summary results <
Page 43 and 44: UPWIND Given knowledge of</
Page 45 and 46: UPWIND reactance (Xgrid). The ratio
Page 49 and 50: UPWIND Table 4-7. Summary results <
Page 51 and 52: UPWIND Magnitude (dB) Phase (deg) 6
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UPWIND Vreg_ref + - K K i p ( 1+ s)
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UPWIND • Scenario 3: With half po
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UPWIND 4.2.4 Wind Farm VAR Control
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UPWIND SCR:20 SCR:5 SCR:3 Figure 4-
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UPWIND 4.2.5 Test Cases and Results
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UPWIND 5. Summary Wind farms can be
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Impact of Drivetrain on Wind Farm VAR Control - Upwind

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