Volume 12–4 (Low Res).pdf - U&lc

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Justified Composition
Lines of type that are flush at both the
left and right edges.
Kern
lb space two letters closer together than
customary in order to create visually
consistent spacing between all letters.
Layout
Preliminary plan of the basic elements
of a design shown in their proper
positions.
Leaders
Row of dots, periods, hyphens, or dashes
used to lead the eye across the page. Leaders
are specified as 2, 3, or 4 to the em.
Leading
See Line Space.
Leg
The bottom diagonal on the uppercase
and lowercase "k."
Letterspacing
Adding space between individual
letters in a line.
Ligature
11,vo or more characters linked together
as a single element.
ff fi ffi CA
A TY -)OGRA ICGT os
Lightface
A lighter version of a standard weight of
the typeface.
Line Space
White space between lines of composition.
Formerly referred to as "leading:
Lining Figures
Numerals the same height as the capitals
in any given typeface: 1, 2, 3,4,5,6,
7, 8,9,0. Lining figures align on the
baseline.
LINING 1234
Link
The stroke connecting the top and
bottom of a lowercase "g."
Loop
The lower portion of the lowercase
roman "g."
Lowercase
Small letters. The term is derived from
hand composition of metal type. When
type was set by hand, two cases were
used to hold the individual pieces of
metal type, with one case arranged
higher than the other. The capitals were
kept in the "upper case" and the small
letters in the "lower case:
Margins
The unprinted areas around type and/
or illustrative matter on a page: the top,
bottom and sides.
Markup
In typesetting, to mark type specifications
on the layout and copy for the
typesetter.
Measure
The length or width of line to which
type is set.
Mechanical
Camera-ready pasted-up assembly of
all type and design elements mounted
in exact position and containing instruc
tions, either in the margins or on an
overlay, for the printer.
Minus Letterspacing
The reduction of the normal space
allocated between characters. Not possible
with handset metal type.
minus
minus
Mixing
The combining of more than one style
of typeface or point size in a word, line
or block of copy.
Modern
Term used to describe a typestyle developed
in late 18th century.
Mutton
Antiquated typesetting slang for an em
space.
Nut
Antiquated typesetting slang for an en
space.
Old Style
lbrm used to describe a typestyle developed
in the early 17th century.
Oldstyle Figures
Numerals that vary in size, some having
ascenders, and others descenders.
These numbers normally correspond to
lowercase proportions.
oldstyle 1234567890
Outline Characters
Open characters made from solid ones
by putting a line on the outside edge of
a letter.
Phototypesetting
Also known as photocomposition and,
erroneously, as cold type. The preparation
of manuscript for printing, by pro-.
jection of images of type characters
onto photosensitive film or paper.
Pica
A measure of type equal to 12 points or
approximately 1/6 of an inch. Derived
from an old term for metal type of that
size.
6 picas
Pi Characters
Characters contained in a font that are
not specifically typestyle oriented.
Usually reference marks.
Piece Fractions
These come in three styles. Adaptable,
which are made up of three separate
characters: two large (text-size) numerals
separated by a slash (3/4). Case,
which are small-numbered fractions
available as a single character (3/4).
Piece, which are small-numbered fractions
made up of three or more elements:
nominator, slash or separating
rule, and the denominator.
Point
Basic increment of typographic measurement,
equal to 0.0138 inch.livelve
points equal a pica.
Point System
The sizes of type cast by type founders
are graduated on a uniform scale
known as the point system.The unit of
the system is a division of space called a
point (.0138). Each size is described by
its number of points, which refers to the
height of the body on which it is cast.
Calculations are simplified ordinarily by
assuming the point as 1/72 of an inch.
Quad (verb)
lb space out the blank portion of a line
to its full measure. Quad left (flush left)
would require spacing out an incomplete
line from the last character to the
right-hand margin so that interword
spaces remain consistent, and the left
side of the text always starts at the left
margin of the measure. Quad right
means the opposite. Quad center would
mean centering the line and adding
equal space on the left and right to
complete the measure. In metal typeset-
ting, quadding is done by inserting less
than type-high metal to fill out a line.
The term is still used in phototypesetting
by those familiar with metal typesetting
terminology. Most people today
simply say "flush left," "flush right,"
"centered."