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HClNC Vegetation Classification & mapping Project: Volume 1: Vegetation Classification Technical Report Table 3.2. Sampling strategies for other vegetation survey and mapping projects Project Intended scale Method This project Regional Three-tiered approach: 1. Regional scale based on environmental variables (aspect, rainfall, solar radiation, slope, substrate fertility and temperature) 2. Subregional scale based on canopy variability as determined by unsupervised classification of SPOT5 imagery 3. Local (coastal) scale based on Quaternary geology Native Vegetation Mapping Project North Coast (Sherringham et al. 2008 Regional 1:100 000 LHCCReMS Subregional 1:25 000 Landscape was stratified by intersecting the following three strata layers within arcview 3.2 GIS: 1. Geology 2. elevation 3. Terrain unit: combination of aspect and slope variables a digital layer distinguishing areas of ‘woody’, ‘non-woody’ and ‘non-native vegetation’ was used as a mask to exclude non-woody and non-native vegetation from the stratification process. Regional Sites were randomly selected from an overlay of the following three strata layers: 1. a broad vegetation formation layer (12 vegetation formation) 2. Near-surface Quaternary geology classification layer (depositional age such as Quaternary or Pleistocene, depositional system such as alluvial, coastal barrier, estuarine and individual unit type, such as gravel beach, dune, swamp and channel) 3. Strata-geology layer The LHCCReMS mapping projecting comprised 800 sites from existing survey work and 300 new sites. Much of the existing survey work had already sampled major environmental variation by intersecting five data layers: rainfall, temperature, dominant lithology, aspect and broad forest structure. Thus, new sites were selected from an overlay of two additional environmental factors: soil fertility and aspect. Wyong Local Sites were selected using a two-step stratification method: 1. Intersecting existing site data with a vegetation layer consisting of 41 vegetation units 2. Intersecting existing site data with a soil landscape layer in addition to giving consideration to other environmental characteristics, such as aspect and slope Wallum Local The Wallum project mapped the area using aPI and the resulting mapped vegetation units (considered to be analogous to plant associations) were used to stratify the area. 24 Sites / ha x 10 000 Ha / site 10 (approx.) 14 723 7 1431 976 (approx.) 20 418 54 185 64 156 A site-selection methodology was developed for sampling regional-scale vegetation patterns throughout the Hunter, Central Coast and Lower North Coast of New South Wales for the HCRCMA’s vegetation survey and mapping project (McCauley 2006b). The method involved intersecting existing systematic vegetation survey site locations with plant-habitat mapping to identify poorly sampled environments. The plant-habitat mapping was developed using an unsupervised classification of aspect, rainfall, solar radiation, slope, temperature, and substrate fertility raster surfaces.This same site-selection method has been used for the current project. It had previously been recognised that coastal floristic variability may need to be specifically targeted. This was addressed during stage 1 of the current project when looking at the Central Coast when a minimum sampling density of three sites per L<strong>HCCREMS</strong> map unit was sought.
CHaPTeR 3 Method of data analysis and collection For stage 2, however, there is no equivalent, complete floristic map of the coastal parts of the study area, although work is continuing on developing a mosaic of best-available mapping for the entire region, including high-resolution mapping for the coastal zone. Therefore, an alternative method was required for sampling coastal floristic variability to meet regionalscale survey priorities. The methodology used in this study involved three tiers of gap analysis and site selection, as described below, in order to address the various scales of variation to be sampled. 3.2.2 Three-tiered approach to gap analysis 3.2.2.1 Overview The three-tiered approach to completing site selection for systematic vegetation surveys within the study area was aimed at addressing regional-scale priorities based on environmental domain analysis, while subregional priorities were analysed according to canopy diversity, and local-scale priorities for the coastal zone were studied using environmental stratification (Sheringham et al. 2008). The three different approaches are described below. 3.2.2.2 Regional-scale survey priorities As noted above, regional-scale survey priorities were based on intersecting environmental domain map units with existing systematic survey site locations to identify those areas that were relatively poorly sampled at this scale. Three measures of survey priority were considered, with the highest priority given to map units which met all of the following three criteria: ➜ Number of sites per map unit (priority given to units with less than 50 sites) ➜ Number of sites per hectare of each map unit (priority given to units with less than six sites per 10 000 ha) ➜ Number of sites per extant vegetated hectare for each map unit (priority given to units with less than 10 sites per vegetated 10 000 ha) 3.2.2.3 Subregional-scale survey priorities Survey priorities at the subregional scale were identified based on an assessment of existing site locations intersected with classified SPOT5 satellite imagery (unsupervised) which had been interpreted for broad vegetation type. Priorities for survey were based on the number of existing sites per map unit and overall sites per vegetated hectare for each map unit. This sampling approach was applied to each of the individual classified scenes in an attempt to maximise the floristic variability sampled throughout the region. Individual scenes were chosen in preference to the catchment-wide classified image generated from merged SPOT5 scenes due to the resultant loss of resolution and discernability of individual units across their entire geographic extent (Siggins et al. 2006). 3.2.2.4 Local-scale (coastal zone) survey priorities For the purposes of this project, the coastal zone was considered to be that area used for the New South Wales Comprehensive Coast Assessment (CCA) vegetation and fauna data audits (NPWS 2003a). The site-selection method for sampling local-scale, coastal variability aimed to be consistent with the approach used by DECC for the North Coast coastal vegetation survey (Sheringham et al. 2008), specifically, the inclusion of the Quaternary geology layer produced for the CCA. While the stratification approach used by DECC also included vegetation formation, strata-geology and landform relief, these additional variables were already targeted by the regional-scale and subregional-scale survey priorities used for this project. As such, this third 25
Page 3: Hunter, Central & Lower North Coast
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BIBLIOGRaPHY Anderson, R. H. (1961)
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