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HClNC Vegetation Classification & mapping Project: Volume 1: Vegetation Classification Technical Report in more than 25% of sites in this community were Senecio madagascariensis (Fireweed, 38%) and Hypochaeris radicata (Catsear, 29%). This community occurs within the study area on a range of substrates in the Central and Lower Hunter Valley in the Cessnock area. MU 69 — Forest Red Gum / Broad-leaved Apple grassy woodland on serpentinite at Nowendoc Open forests characterised by a canopy dominated by Eucalyptus tereticornis in association with Angophora floribunda and a small tree layer often including Acacia maidenii and Leptospermum brevipes. The understorey is typically shrubby and may contain a diverse variety of species, commonly including Bursaria spinosa, Jacksonia scoparia, Lissanthe strigosa, Pomaderris vellea, Acacia serpentinicola and Leucopogon neoanglicus. The ground layer is characteristically grassy and dominated by Themeda australis along with Panicum effusum and Cymbopogon refractus. The ground layer commonly also includes various graminoids, including Gahnia aspera, and herbs, including Plectranthus graveolens and Viola betonicifolia. No naturalised species were recorded at more than 25% of sites within this community. Within the study area this community is confined to foothills of the Northern Escarpment in the Nowendoc area at mid elevations on serpentinite. MU 70 — Eucalyptus serpentinicola / Allocasuarina ophiolitica / Spinifex grass low mallee woodland on serpentinite of the Lower North Coast Low woodlands with a canopy characterised by almost exclusive dominance of the rare mallee eucalypt Eucalyptus serpentinicola and a small tree layer dominated by the rare casuarina Allocasuarina ophiolitica and Leptospermum brevipes. The understorey is typically shrubby and characteristically includes Xanthorrhoea glauca along with Lissanthe strigosa, the rare Grevillea granulifera, Hibbertia riparia and Acacia serpentinicola. The ground layer is commonly grassy and characterised by Triodia scariosa along with Poa sieberiana and Entolasia stricta, and various rushes and sedges, in particular, Lepidosperma laterale and Lomandra filiformis. No naturalised species were recorded in more than 25% of sites in this community. Within the study area, this community is restricted to serpentinite outcrops on the ranges and foothills of the Lower North Coast and Northern Tablelands Escarpment at mid elevations. This community is of particular conservation value as three of the plant species which characterise the community (Eucalyptus serpentinicola, Allocasuarina ophiolitica and Grevillea granulifera) are considered to be rare or threatened and are not recorded in any other community within the study area. MU 71 — Spotted Gum / Red Ironbark / Narrow-leaved Ironbark shrub / grass open forest Open forests with a canopy dominated by Corymbia maculata and Eucalyptus fibrosa, and commonly including E. crebra and E. moluccana. An open shrub layer is generally present and typically includes Bursaria spinosa, Daviesia ulicifolia, Leucopogon juniperinus and Acacia parvipinnula, along with scrambling climbers, such as Eustrephus latifolius and Hardenbergia violacea. The ground layer is characteristically grassy and dominated by Themeda australis, Aristida vagans and Entolasia stricta, along with scattered herbs and ground ferns, including Cheilanthes sieberi, Lomandra confertifolia and Brunoniella australis. The only naturalised species occurring in greater than 25% of sites in this community was Lantana camara (Lantana, 33%). 86
87 CHaPTeR 4 Results Within the study area, this community occurs on a range of substrates, mainly conglomerates and siltstones, on low slopes of the ranges of the Lower and Central Hunter Valley at lower elevations. MU 72 — Spotted Gum / Narrow-leaved Ironbark / Red Ironbark shrub / grass open forest Open forests dominated by Corymbia maculata and Eucalyptus crebra, with E. fibrosa as a less-common canopy component. The understorey is generally open shrubby and may include various species, such as Bursaria spinosa, Daviesia ulicifolia, Eremophila debilis and Lissanthe strigosa. The ground layer typically consists of mixed grasses, in particular, Aristida vagans, A. ramosa, Microlaena stipoides and Cymbopogon refractus; forbs, including Lomandra multiflora, Dianella revoluta, Laxmannia gracilis and Brunoniella australis; and ground ferns, predominately Cheilanthes sieberi. A number of naturalised species were recorded in more than 25% of sites in this community, including Anagallis arvensis (Scarlet/Blue Pimpernel, 45%), Lantana camara (Lantana, 31%), Senecio madagascariensis (Fireweed, 66%), Sonchus oleraceus (Common Sowthistle, 34%), Hypochaeris radicata (Catsear, 59%) and Solanum nigrum (Black-berry Nightshade, 28%). This community occurs within the study area on lower slopes of hills in the Central Hunter Valley at lower elevations and on a range of substrates. MU 73 — Spotted Gum / Narrow-leaved Ironbark shrub / grass open forest Open forests characterised by Corymbia maculata in association with Eucalyptus crebra, with a small tree layer comprised of Allocasuarina torulosa and Brachychiton populneus. The understorey is typically open shrubby and commonly includes Persoonia linearis, Notelaea longifolia, Breynia oblongifolia and Jacksonia scoparia, along with a range of climbers, including Pandorea pandorana, Clematis glycinoides, Cissus opaca and Eustrephus latifolius. The ground layer is characteristically dominated by a diverse range of grasses, including Cymbopogon refractus, Microlaena stipoides, Themeda australis and Aristida ramose; along with various herbs, including Vernonia cinerea, Brunoniella australis and Pratia purpurascens; and ground ferns, including Cheilanthes sieberi and C. distans. A number of naturalised species were recorded in more than 25% of sites in this community including Cirsium vulgare (Spear Thistle, 28%), Lantana camara (Lantana, 49%), Senecio madagascariensis (Fireweed, 54%), Bidens pilosa (Cobbler’s Pegs, 51%), Hypochaeris radicata (Catsear, 56%) and Solanum nigrum (Black-berry Nightshade, 26%). This community occurs within the study area on the ranges of the Central and Lower Hunter Valley at mid to low elevations on a range of substrates. MU 74 — Narrow-leaved Ironbark / Bull Oak shrub / grass open forest Open forests characterised by a canopy strongly dominated by Eucalyptus crebra, often in association with E. moluccana and a small tree layer dominated by Allocasuarina luehmannii. A sparse shrub layer may be present and commonly includes Breynia oblongifolia and Eremophila debilis. The understorey is predominately grassy with Themeda australis, Aristida ramosa, Cymbopogon refractus and Eragrostis leptostachya the most common grass species. The understorey also may include various ground ferns, in particular, Cheilanthes sieberi and C. distans, and herbs, including Dichondra species A, Calotis lappulacea and Lomandra multiflora. Numerous naturalised species were recorded in more than 25% of sites in this community, including Anagallis arvensis (Scarlet/Blue Pimpernel, 26%), Plantago lanceolata
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Hunter, Central & Lower North Coast
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Classification Expert Review Panel
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3.4 Vegetation community analysis .
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List of abbreviations API aerial ph
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HClNC Vegetation Classification & m
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CHaPter 2 Vegetation of the study a
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CHaPTeR 3 Method of data collection
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BIBLIOGRaPHY Anderson, R. H. (1961)
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