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HClNC Vegetation Classification & mapping Project: Volume 1: Vegetation Classification Technical Report common in the canopy are Alectryon oleifolius, Claoxylon australe and Geijera parviflora. The understorey includes a range of shrub species such as Spartothamnella juncea, Notelaea microcarpa, Melicytus dentatus, Clerodendrum tomentosum and Celastrus australis, along with climbers including Pandorea pandorana, Eustrephus latifolius, Clematis glycinoides, Cissus opaca, C. antarctica and Cayratia clematidea. The ground layer consists mainly of a mix of ferns, forbs and grasses, with the main fern species being Adiantum aethiopicum, Pellaea falcata and Asplenium flabellifolium. Common forbs include Nyssanthes diffusa, Urtica incisa, Dichondra repens and Commelina cyanea, and grasses include Microlaena stipoides and Oplismenus aemulus. Naturalised species commonly recorded at sites in this community include Torilis nodosa (Knotted Hedge-parsley, 46%), Sonchus oleraceus (Common Sowthistle, 46%), Opuntia stricta var. stricta (Common Prickly Pear, 62%) and Bidens pilosa (Cobbler’s Pegs, 38%). This community occurs within the study area on sheltered sites in the central and Upper Hunter Valley, mainly on sandstones and siltstones. MU 21 — Giant Stinging Tree / Sandpaper Fig dry subtropical rainforest at Mt Yengo Closed forests characterised by an overstorey dominated by Dendrocnide excelsa in association with Alectryon subcinereus and Ficus coronata, and also commonly including Streblus brunonianus and Doryphora sassafras. The mid storey of small trees and taller shrubs commonly includes Claoxylon australe, Pittosporum revolutum, Sambucus australasica, Elaeodendron australe, Acmena smithii, Croton verreauxii and Breynia oblongifolia along with various climbers including Maclura cochinchinensis, Sarcopetalum harveyanum, Pandorea pandorana, Marsdenia suaveolens, Clematis aristata and Cissus antarctica. The ground layer is typically open ferny and commonly includes Doodia aspera, Adiantum formosum, A. aethiopicum and Pteris tremula. The ground layer may also include a range of scattered forbs, such as Plectranthus parviflorus, Galium binifolium and Commelina cyanea, with grasses mainly represented by Microlaena stipoides. Naturalised species commonly recorded at sites in this community include Phytolacca octandra (Inkweed, 33%) and Opuntia stricta var. stricta (Common Prickly Pear, 33%). Within the study area this community occurs on basalts and is restricted to sheltered areas around the Mount Yengo area. MU 21 is related to both dry and subtropical rainforest types. 4.3.5.2 WeT SCLeROPHYLL FOReSTS Grassy subformation MU 22 — Sydney Blue Gum / Silvertop Stringybark grassy open forest of ranges of the Lower North Coast Tall open forests with a canopy dominated by Eucalyptus saligna and E. laevopinea, and a sparse small tree layer dominated by Allocasuarina torulosa. The understorey includes a sparse layer of small shrubs such as Hibbertia scandens and Rubus parvifolia and the ground layer is dominated by grasses such as Microlaena stipoides, Imperata cylindrica and Oplismenus imbecillis, various graminoids including Dianella caerulea and ferns dominated by Pteridium esculentum. The only weed species recorded at more than 25% of sites in this community was Cirsium vulgare (Spear Thistle, 37%). Within the study area this community occurs on the foothills and ranges of the Lower North Coast (including Barrington area) at mid elevations on a range of substrates. 70
71 CHaPTeR 4 Results MU 23 — Silvertop Stringybark / Messmate / Sydney Blue Gum moist shrub / grass open forest of ranges of the Lower North Coast Tall open forests similar in structure and composition to MU 22 although with Eucalyptus laevopinea and E. obliqua the most common canopy species, and E. saligna and E. campanulata less-frequent canopy dominants and occurring at higher altitudes. The understorey is characterised by an open shrub layer dominated by mesophyllous and sclerophyllous shrubs, including Acacia melanoxylon, Coprosma quadrifida and Senecio linearifolius, and treeferns (Cyathea australis). The ground layer is dominated by tussock grasses, mainly Poa sieberiana, and graminoids including Lomandra longifolia. No weed species were recorded in more than 25% of sites within this community. Inside the study area this community occurs on the foothills and ranges of the Lower North Coast (including Barrington area) at higher elevations on a range of substrates. The only records in this study of the rare orchid species Chiloglottis platyptera occur within this community and hence it may have particular regional conservation significance. MU 24 — Tallowwood / Small-fruited Grey Gum / Kangaroo Grass foothills dry grassy open forest Tall, dry open forests with a canopy dominated by Eucalyptus microcorys, E. propinqua and E. carnea, and a sparse small tree layer dominated by Allocasuarina torulosa. The ground layer is dominated by grasses and graminoid species including Themeda australis, Imperata cylindrica, Dianella caerulea and Lomandra longifolia. The only naturalised species recorded at more than 25% of sites within the community was Lantana camara, which occurred at 54% of sites indicating that this community may be relatively highly susceptible to invasion by Lantana. Within the study area this community occurs on the coastal ranges and foothills of the Lower North Coast at mid to lower elevations and on a range of lower fertility substrates. MU 25 — Tallowwood / Spotted Gum / Grey Gum grass / herb open forest Open forests similar in composition to MU 24, however, with Corymbia maculata as a common canopy species and Large-fruited Grey Gum (Eucalyptus punctata) replacing the Small-fruited Grey Gum (E. propinqua) alongside E. microcorys. The shrub layer is more developed and includes a greater proportion of mesic shrubs, including Hibbertia scandens, Polyscias sambucifolia and Breynia oblongifolia, and climbers such as Clematis glycinoides and Kennedia rubicunda. The ground layer is dominated by grasses, including Oplismenus imbecillis and Poa sieberiana, and sparse forbs such as Pratia purpurascens. Lantana camara (Lantana, 63%) was the only naturalised species occurring in more than 25% of sites. Within the present study area this community occurs on near coastal low ranges on the Lower North Coast at lower elevations than MU 24 and on a range of lower fertility substrates. MU 26 — Small-fruited Grey Gum / Turpentine / Tallowwood moist open forest of the Lower North Coast foothills Open forests with a relatively diverse canopy dominated by Eucalyptus propinqua, E. microcorys, E. siderophloia, Syncarpia glomulifera and Corymbia intermedia, with a sparse small tree layer dominated by Allocasuarina torulosa. The understorey is dominated by a mix of mesophyllous and sclerophyllous shrubs including Notelaea longifolia and Maytenus
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Hunter, Central & Lower North Coast
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Classification Expert Review Panel
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3.4 Vegetation community analysis .
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List of abbreviations API aerial ph
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HClNC Vegetation Classification & m
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CHaPter 2 Vegetation of the study a
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BIBLIOGRaPHY Anderson, R. H. (1961)
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