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Human Rights and Democracy - Official Documents

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surge in abductions: 51 reporters were kidnapped in 2010, up from 33 in 2009.<br />

Throughout 2010 our embassies <strong>and</strong> high commissions have highlighted the need to<br />

tackle impunity for attacks on journalists through: raising individual cases, <strong>and</strong> calling<br />

for prompt <strong>and</strong> full investigations; supporting criminal justice mechanisms to deal<br />

with attacks on journalists; promoting dialogue between the media, civil society <strong>and</strong><br />

the authorities; supporting effective <strong>and</strong> well-implemented freedom of information<br />

legislation; <strong>and</strong> supporting broad access to the media <strong>and</strong> pluralism of media<br />

ownership.<br />

We have also used our membership of international institutions to promote freedom<br />

of expression. At the OSCE Review Conference in Astana in November we called<br />

for journalists, media workers, bloggers <strong>and</strong> media organisations to be allowed to<br />

work freely <strong>and</strong> safely, <strong>and</strong> for OSCE participating states to demonstrate their<br />

commitment to media freedom in line with OSCE st<strong>and</strong>ards. At the UN, the Deputy<br />

Prime Minister Nick Clegg emphasised the importance of freedom of expression in<br />

his speech to the General Assembly in September. We work closely with the UN<br />

Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Opinion <strong>and</strong> Expression Frank La Rue <strong>and</strong> have<br />

encouraged him to focus his work on freedom of expression <strong>and</strong> the internet in 2011.<br />

We have also encouraged technology companies to behave responsibly in terms of<br />

supporting freedom of expression on the internet; for example Jeremy Browne met<br />

representatives of Facebook in October <strong>and</strong> Google in November to explore what<br />

more can be done to uphold international freedom of expression st<strong>and</strong>ards on the<br />

internet.<br />

We also lobbied governments for change on the ground, including by raising<br />

individual cases. In Iran, blogger Hossein Ronaghi Maleki was sentenced to 15<br />

years in prison in October. His sentence was upheld by the appeal court in<br />

December. Another blogger, Hossein Derakhshan, was sentenced to 19-<strong>and</strong>-a-half<br />

years in prison in September. Derakhshan is informally known as the “blogfather” of<br />

Iran for his work in promoting blogging in Farsi. Between September <strong>and</strong> October,<br />

FCO bloggers, including Minister for Europe David Lidington, highlighted his case<br />

worldwide.<br />

16

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