Gram - SEAS

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Index of languages Akkadian 190. 194-6 Aleut. Mednyi 212 Amharic 63. 148-9 Arabic 103 Armenian. Classical 126. 20 1 Austronesian. Eastern Oceanic 227 Basque 60. 168-9 Bengali 113 Bislama. Vanuatu 227-8 Bulgarian 163-4. 207 Cape Verde Creole 214 Cayuga 153 Chickasaw 186 Chinese 28. 180. 186 Danish 8. 61. 159. 206-7 Dutch 206 Egyptian 196 English 10-13. 60. 207-9 Old (OE) (c. 600- 1 125) 12. 39. 48-9. 51.56. 79. 88. 89-91. 95. 97. 102-3. 119. 123. 136. 143. 172. 190, 191-4. 197-8. 202 Middle (ME) (c. 1 125-1 500) 40. 49. 57-8. 95. 103. 123. 136. 137-8. 143. 190. 194. 199 Early New'English (ENE) (C. 1500- 1750) 56-7. 89. 91 Estonian 59. 63. 125-6. 137 Evenki 188 Ewe 13-16. 49. 126 Fa d'Ambu 217 Finnish 104-5. 129 French 8. 15. 22-3. 26. 31-2. 52-5. 65-6. 88, 94, 102. 117-18. 123-4. 134. 140-2, 148-9. 156-7. 172, 189. 223-4 270 Ga 35. 115 German 8. 24. 35, 110. 134. 137. 172. 210 Gothic 24 Greek Classical 24. 99. 187 Homeric 143-4 Gujerati 113 Gunwinggu 185 Guyanese Creole 216-17. 218. 235 Haitian Creole 214 Hawaiian Creole 214. 218. 220 " Hawaiian Pidgin 214. 215 Hebrew 60. 203 Biblical 115. 130 Hindi 8. 1 12- 14. 116 Hindi-Urdu 113-14. 116 Hinite 186. 199-202 Hua 182. 183. 186 Hungarian II I Indo-Aryan see Hindi Indo-European 9. 144 Indonesian 5. 144. 186 Iranian see Persian Irish 173 Italian 8. 55 Japanese 60. 181. 186. 209- 10 Kashmiri 113 Kewa 152 Kwaio 227-8 Lahu 157-8 Latin 5. 8. 15. 21. 23. 26. 31. 52-5 . 64-5. 88. 94. 96, 102. III. 126. 140-1. 144. 148. 157. 1 58-9. 180. 183-4. 186. 189. 199 Lhasa 204-6
Malay 60. 119-2 1. 171 Maori 155-6. 162. 188-9 Maralhi 113-14. 116 Marwari 113 Masai 60 Maurilian Creole 217 Melanesian Pidgin 228 Miangkabau 186 Mongolian Buryat 141 Classical 149-50 Kalmyk 149 Newari 188 Nez Perce 156-7 Old Norse 8. 159 Olgolo 173 Palenquero 214 Pali 162-3 Papiamenlu 214 Pengo 150 Persian 165-8 Polish 145-7 Portuguese 229-30 Qucchua 60 Ran1
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Grammaticalization Second Edition T
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Grammaticalization Second Edition P
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In memory of Dwight Bolinger 1907-1
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x Contents 3.3 Reanalysis 50 :'1.3.
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XII Contents 8.3 Implications of pi
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Tables ::1.1 Grammaticalization of
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xvi Preface and acknowledgments gra
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Abbreviations Linguistic terms ABL
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xx Abbreviations Srel relative clau
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2 I Some preliminaries recurring co
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4 J Some preliminaries 1.2 What is
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6 J Some preliminaries relationship
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8 I Some preliminaries tendencies.
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10 J Some preliminaries 1.3. 1 Lets
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12 J Some preliminaries form of us.
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14 I Some preLiminaries (23) Me-gbb
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16 1 Some preliminaries 1.4 Grammat
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18 I Some preliminaries same way. F
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20 2 The history of grammaticalizat
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26 2 The histOlY of gramm atica liz
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30 2 The histOlY of grammaticalizat
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36 2 The history ojgrammaticalizati
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38 2 Th e history of grammaticaliza
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40 3 Mechanisms: reanalysis and ana
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48 3 Mechanisms: reanaLysis and ana
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50 3 Mechanisms: reanalysis and all
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60 3 Mechanisms: reallalysis and an
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66 3 Mechanisms: reanalysis an.d an
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72 4 Pragmatic factors speakers tak
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74 4 Pragmatic fa ctors based on me
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76 4 Pragmatic factors (e.g., Traug
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78 4 Pragmatic fa ctors established
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80 4 Pragmatic fa ctors Ty pically
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82 4 Pragmatic fa ctors (1975) in c
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84 4 Pragmatic factors A second que
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86 4 Pragmatic fa ctors apply to th
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88 4 Pragmatic factors the non-ling
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90 4 Pragmatic factors could no lon
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92 4 Pragmatic factors relevance of
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94 4 Pragmatic factors 4.5 Pragmati
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96 4 Pragmatic/actors Perhaps the m
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98 4 Pragmatic fa ctors The process
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100 5 The hypothesis of unidirectio
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104 5 The hypothesis of ttllidirect
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110 5 Th e hypothesis of unidirecti
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I 14 5 The hypothesis oj unidirecti
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6 Clau se-internal morphological ch
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142 6 Clause-internal morphological
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146 6 CLause-internaL morphoLogical
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150 6 CLause-internaL morphoLogicaL
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174 6 Clause-internal 17lorphologic
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176 7 Grammaticalization across cla
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180 7 Grammaticalizatioll across cl
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210 7 GrammaticaLizatiolZ across cl
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8 Grammatica lization in situations
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214 8 Situations of extreme languag
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216 8 Situations 0/ extreme languag
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218 8 Situations of extreme languag
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Page 250 and 251: 232 9 Summary alld suggestions fo r
Page 252 and 253: Notes Some preliminaries I. We foll
Page 254 and 255: 236 Notes to pages 152-226 2. The d
Page 256 and 257: 238 References the Linguistic Codin
Page 258 and 259: 240 References Breal, Michel. 1991
Page 260 and 261: 242 Refe rences Chafe, Wallace L. 1
Page 262 and 263: 244 References Dietrich, W. 1973. D
Page 264 and 265: 246 References Genetti, Carol 1991.
Page 266 and 267: 248 Refe rences Halpern, Aaron. 199
Page 268 and 269: 250 References Hopper, Paul. 1987.
Page 270 and 271: 252 References Kemenade, Ans van. I
Page 272 and 273: 254 References Lambrecht, Knud. 199
Page 274 and 275: 256 References Los, Beuelou. 1999.
Page 276 and 277: 258 References Ohori . Toshio, ed.
Page 278 and 279: 260 References Sankoff, Gillian. 19
Page 280 and 281: 262 References Ti mberlake. Alan. 1
Page 282 and 283: 264 References Wi scher, lise, and
Page 284 and 285: 266 Index a/ names Couper-Kuhlen. E
Page 286 and 287: 268 Index a/ names Meillet, Antoine
Page 290 and 291: General index abduction 41-3, 72, 7
Page 292 and 293: 274 General index grammatical word
Page 294: 276 General index universals 17, 27
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