PDF - CES (IISc)

3 24
SYSTEMATIC
fruits of Chiodecton (sect. Enterographa). The spores are elongate, narrow,
pluri-septate, and colourless or brownish, except in Darbishirella in
they are ovoid, 2-septate and brown.
which
The affinity of Dirinaceae and Roccellaceae with Graphidaceae was first
indicated by Reinke 1 and elaborated later by Darbishire 2 in his monograph
of Roccellaceae. The apothecia in some species of Dirina are ellipsoid rather
than round ; in several genera of Roccellaceae they are distinctly lirellate,
and in Roccella itself some species have ellipsoid fruits. The fruticose thallus
is predominant in Roccellaceae, but its evolution from the crustaceous type
may be traced through Roccellina which is partly crustaceous and only
imperfectly fruticose.
In most of the genera only one species is recorded. Roccella, represented
by twelve species, is well known for its dyeing properties, and has a wide
distribution. Like other Graphidineae they are mainly plants of warm
regions, mariy of them exclusively maritime rock-dwellers.
The following synopsis of the genera is the one given by Darbishire in
his monograph.
Cortex fastigate, of palisade hyphae.
Spores colourless.
Hypothecium black-carbonaceous.
Apothecia round.
Thallus fruticose I. Roccella DC.
Thallus crustaceous-fruticose 2. *Roccellina Darbish.
Apothecia lirellate Hypothecium
3. *Reinkella Darbish.
colourless.
Gonidia present under the hypothecium 4. *Pentagenella Darbish.
Gonidia absent from hypothecium 5. *Combea De Not.
Spores brown or brownish.
Medulla of parallel somewhat loose hyphae 6. *Schizopelte Th. Fr.
Medulla solid, black 7. *Simonyella Steiner.
Cortex fibrous, of parallel hyphae.
Apothecia round.
Hypothecium black-carbonaceous.
Apothecia with thalline margin ;
. . . 8. *Dendrographa Darbish.
Apothecia with proper margin 9. *Roccellaria Darbish.
Hypothecium colourless 10. *Darbishirella A. Zahlbr.
Apothecia lirellate II. *Ingaderia Darbish.
SUBSERIES 3.
CYCLOCARPINEAE
This last subseries includes the remaining twenty-nine families of Asco-
lichens. They are very varied both in the fungal and the algal symbionts.
The fruit is more or less a discoid open apothecium. The gonidia belong to
different genera of Myxophyceae and Chlorophyceae, but the most frequent
are Protococcaceae. Families are based largely on thalline structure.
1 Reinke 1895.
2 Darbishire 1898.