PDF - CES (IISc)

FAMILIES AND GENERA 337
margin of the under surface, the tip of the fertile lobe in that case is turned
back as the apothecium matures, so that the fruit eventually faces the light.
In Nephroma has been included Eunephroma with bright-green gonidia and
Nephromium with blue-green.
Bitter 1 has recorded the finding of apothecia on the under surface of
Peltigera malacea and not at the margin, as in Nephromium. The plant was
otherwise normal and healthy. Solorinella, from Central Europe and
Asteristion from Ceylon are monotypic genera with poorly developed thalli.
Thallus poorly developed.
Asci 6-8-spored; spores 3-5 -septate i. *Asteristion Leight.
Asci many-spored ; spores i-septate 2. *Solorinella Anzi.
Thallus generally well developed.
Apothecia superficial, sunk in the thallus 3. -Solorina Ach.
Apothecia terminal on upper surface of lobes 4. Peltigera Willd.
Apothecia terminal on lower surface of lobes 5. Nephroma Ach.
XLIV. PERTUSARIACEAE
Thallus crustaceous, often rather thick and with an amorphous cortex
on the upper surface. Algal cells Protococcaceae. Apothecia solitary or
several immersed in thalline warts, generally with a narrow opening which
barely exposes the disc, and which in one genus, Perforaria, is so small as
and with
almost to constitute a perithecium ; spores are often very large
thick walls; some if not all are multinucleate and germinate at many points.
In the form of the fruit, this family stands between Pyrenocarpeae and
Gymnocarpeae, though more akin to the latter. Perforaria, with two species,
belongs to New Zealand and Japan.
Pertusaria has a world-wide distri-
bution, and Varicellaria, a monotypic genus, with a very large two-celled
spore, is an Alpine plant, recorded from Europe and from Antarctic
America.
Spores simple.
Apothecia with pore-like opening I. *Perforaria Miill.-Arg.
Apothecia with a wider opening 2. Pertusaria DC.
Spores i-septate 3. Varicellaria Nyl.
XLV. LECANORACEAE
Thallus mostly crustaceous, occasionally squamulose or very rarely
minutely fruticulose. The squamulose thallus is corticate above, the under
surface appressed and attached to the substratum by penetrating hyphae,
often effigurateat the circumference. Algal cells Protococcaceae. Apothecia
well distinguished by the thalline margin; spores colourless, simple or
variously septate or muriform.
1 Bitter 1904*.