THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY ARTS AND SCIENCES ...

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Texture 7 Variable Count N* Mean StDev Variance Minimum Median Maximum Mode Temp 181 0 18.961 9.928 98.56 2 20 35 28 WFP 181 4 64.47 31.96 1021.34 8 59 133 100 OC 181 0 1.6169 1.1403 1.3003 0.38 1.7 7.6 1.7 pH 181 0 6.8464 0.8336 0.6949 4.1 7.2 8.2 7.2 Bulk_Density 181 0 1.4381 0.1688 0.0285 0.48 1.44 1.65 1.44 Soil_Depth 181 0 15.205 6.898 47.578 7.5 15 88 15 Concentration 181 76 239 273.1 74569.1 1 109 1000 600 Rdn 181 0 2.916 5.895 34.749 0 0.098 37.026 0.0014 Texture 8 Variable Count N* Mean StDev Variance Minimum Median Maximum Mode Temp 260 0 15.658 7.033 49.469 3 15 25 25 WFP 260 3 65.8 20.36 414.43 18 69 100 75 OC 260 0 4.151 2.017 4.07 0.6 5 11.63 6 pH 260 0 6.6034 0.5771 0.3331 5.5 6.489 8.1 6 Bulk_Density 260 0 1.0983 0.2311 0.0534 0.86 1 1.52 0.88 Soil_Depth 260 1 5.548 4.518 20.413 2.5 3.75 50 3.75 Concentration 260 8 76.54 124.37 15467.38 0.34 9.4 725 6 0.01408/ Rdn 260 0 1.068 5.569 31.012 0 0.022 77.76 0.01584 Texture 9 Variable Count N* Mean StDev Variance Minimum Median Maximum Mode Temp 283 0 12.742 6.972 48.603 3 13 50 7 WFP 283 0 58.12 23.26 540.89 12 54 100 100 OC 283 0 2.975 1.778 3.162 0.72 2.41 13.5 2.91 pH 283 0 5.9537 0.7179 0.5154 3 6 7.7 6.7 Bulk_Density 283 0 1.3105 0.2833 0.0803 0.878 1.28 1.862 1.566 Soil_Depth 283 0 19.715 9.664 93.402 9.4 15 30 30 Concentration 283 3 84.34 147.34 21709.57 1 19.2 760 9 Rdn 283 0 0.2073 1.3704 1.8779 0.0005 0.015 15.3 0.0547 183
Texture 10 Variable Count N* Mean StDev Variance Minimum Median Maximum Mode Temp 71 0 21.662 7.095 50.341 4 25 50 25 WFP 71 1 82.94 17.98 323.45 48 90 100 100 OC 71 0 2.717 1.051 1.104 0.89 3.1 5.95 3.1/ 3.15 pH 71 0 6.6859 0.6931 0.4804 4.9 6.5 8 6.5 Bulk_Density 71 0 1.1731 0.1187 0.0141 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.1 Soil_Depth 71 0 10.234 5.858 34.32 3.6 10 20 3.6.15 Concentration 71 1 207.2 151.7 23009.6 11 228 462 89/228 Rdn 71 0 8.73 22.69 515.03 0 0.76 157.2 0.002 Texture 13 Variable Count N* Mean StDev Variance Minimum Median Maximum Mode Temp 16 0 16.25 4.7 22.07 10 16 25 20 WFP 16 0 77.94 21.27 452.33 41 87 100 100 OC 16 0 32.64 14.8 218.91 25.2 25.2 68.4 25.2 pH 16 0 5 0.3033 0.092 4.3 5 5.8 5 Bulk_Density 16 0 0.3463 0.205 0.042 0.09 0.5 0.5 0.5 Soil_Depth 16 2 13.79 10.51 110.49 9 11 50 11 Concentration 16 7 857 2429 5899345 0 53 7333 29, Rdn 16 0 4.47 10.8 116.56 0 0.33 34 * 184
Page 1 and 2:
THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY ARTS A
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To my Dad, Mum and Brother iii
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Dr. Stephen Kish for his words of e
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1.5. Evaluation of methods to estim
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2.5.8. Texture 8 (Silt Loam).......
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4.2.6. Texture 6 (Sandy Clay Loam).
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LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1 Additional
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1 Oxidatio
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Figure 2.51 8-20-84; Denitrificatio
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Figure 3.6 Probability plot (Textur
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Three statistical methods were used
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• Microbial biomass/ plant uptake
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Figure 1.1 Oxidation of organic car
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possibility of denitrification (Smi
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50ºC (36ºF - 122ºF) (Brady & Wei
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1.2.6. Salinity Salinity is a known
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1.3.1. The Acetylene inhibition met
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Among the variety of successful met
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a first-order decay process. The ma
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look at the data shows that it fail
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Da is the denitrification rate (mg
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a simple linear regression of organ
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of the annual N2O emission and deni
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easons for the limitation of the mo
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Table 1.2 Continued dC / dt Organic
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also implies that the transferabili
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CHAPTER TWO 2. LINEAR REGRESSION An
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an improvement on the earlier attem
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2.3. Texture Table 2.1 Soil Textura
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2.3.5. Texture 5 (Sand) The surfici
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2.3.10. Texture 10 (Silty Clay Loam
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Textural Class Table 2.2 Coefficien
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R_d_n (kgN ha-1 d-1) R_d_n (kgN ha-
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2.4.3. Texture 3 (Loam) Texture 3 c
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R_d_n (kgN ha-1 d-1) Texture 3 Temp
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R_d_n (kgN ha-1 d-1) 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
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2.4.7. Texture 7 (Sandy Loam) The S
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Texture 7 Temperature 12 : Denitrif
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Rdn (kgN ha-1 d-1) Texture 9 Temper
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Rdn (kgN ha-1 d-1) 16 12 8 4 0 Text
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2.5. Break down by Texture, Tempera
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8-20-34 (n=3), 8-20-84 (n=4), 8-20-
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Subsets 9-7-100, 9-25-100 and 9-30-
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Texture 10 Temperature 25 WFP 100 :
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a significant linear relationship b
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Rdn (kgN ha-1 d-1) Rdn (kgN ha-1 d-
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C9 Rdn (kgN ha-1 d-1) 12 10 8 6 4 2
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Rdn (kgN ha-1 d-1) Texture 10 Tempe
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2.6.11. Texture 11 (Silt) No data a
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2.7.6. Texture 6 (Sandy Clay Loam)
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Rdn (kgN ha-1 d-1) Texture 8 Tepera
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Rdn (kgN ha-1 d-1) Texture 8 Tepera
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2.8. Summary The correlation coeffi
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where, M is the slope of the linear
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Hence for the first set of equation
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3.2.2. Texture-Temperature-WFP-pH T
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Organic Carbon (%) Actual Rdn Gener
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R dn Results C = 9.389 - 3.210* M -
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The actual denitrification values f
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Eigenvalue 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0
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R indicated by the significant code
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R Table 4.5 Comparison of actual an
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Table 4.8 Texture 2, Comparison of
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Table 4.11 Comparison of actual and
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The two equations are applied to th
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R R dn dn = - 0.05 ∗Temperature (
Page 153 and 154: Table 4.19 Texture 8, Linear multi-
Page 155 and 156: Table 4.20 Continued Actual Rdn Pre
Page 157 and 158: Once again the equations developed
Page 159 and 160: 4.2.11. Texture 11 (Silt) No data a
Page 161 and 162: CHAPTER FIVE 5. ANALYSIS USING NEUR
Page 163 and 164: Figure 5.2 McCulloch-Pitts (Meyer-B
Page 165 and 166: developed. In order to control over
Page 167 and 168: Eventually the final set of network
Page 169 and 170: 5.4.4. Texture 5 (Sand) Figure 5.5
Page 171 and 172: 5.4.6. Texture 8 (Silt Loam) Figure
Page 173 and 174: 5.4.8. Texture 10 (Silty Clay Loam)
Page 175 and 176: CHAPTER SIX 6. USE OF ISOTOPES TO E
Page 177 and 178: 18 ⎛ ⎛ ⎜ O ⎞ 16 ⎜ ⎜ ⎟
Page 179 and 180: Figure 6.1 Estimation of Nitrate Lo
Page 181 and 182: δ 18 O 12 10 8 6 4 2 Table 6.1 Egg
Page 183 and 184: δ 18 O 20.00 18.00 16.00 14.00 12.
Page 185 and 186: CHAPTER SEVEN 7. APPLICATION TO JAC
Page 187 and 188: 7.2. Multiple Regression Three equa
Page 189 and 190: Table 7.4 Multi-Regression and Neur
Page 191 and 192: 8.3. Main Results The linear equati
Page 193 and 194: isotopes can be particularly useful
Page 195 and 196: APPENDIX B CONVERSION SHEET FOR DEN
Page 197 and 198: iv. v. vi. Given in the dataset: 1.
Page 199 and 200: Conversion from −3 −1 g N m d t
Page 201 and 202: Convert From Multiply by Convert to
Page 203: Texture 4 Variable Count N* Mean St
Page 207 and 208: Texture-Temperature-WFP-pH Code Equ
Page 209 and 210: 09-15-25-09 Rdn = 0.0106688*OC + 0.
Page 211 and 212: Code Rdn - OC Code Rdn-WFP Code Rdn
Page 213 and 214: - Code Rdn - OC Code Rdn - pH Code
Page 215 and 216: - Code Rdn - OC Code Rdn - NO3 Conc
Page 217 and 218: Code Rdn - OC Code Rdn - pH 08-25-9
Page 219 and 220: REFERENCES Almasri, M. N., & Kaluar
Page 221 and 222: Fellows, C., Hunter, H., Eccleston,
Page 223 and 224: King, D., & Nedwell, D. B. (1985).
Page 225 and 226: Ozden, T., & Muhammetoglu, H. (2008
Page 227 and 228: Smith, R., Bohlke, J., Garabedian,
Page 229 and 230: Zhu, J., Liu, G., Han, Y., Zhang, Y
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