Part 1 - The Institute Libraries - Institute for Advanced Study

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easonable certainties they have learned and feel they have earned. This man wzs high-strung and impatient, inflexible in his standards. He had shown himself to prefer defeat to compramise in mtters of high principle. Here was s possible chance to crown his career fn education, Hopefully kt would be given him to do, Would he be equal to it?
CHAPTER I - NOTES The souxce of all citations znd references to correspondence and documents is the files of the Institute for Advanced Study, unless otherwise specified in the indfvidual note. 1, Interview with Messrs. Zefdesdorf and %ass. Leidesdarf to Hardfn, 8/8/44. Hardin papers. 2. See E. M. Bluestone to Flexner, copy, 10/2/56. This put the ti= of his conference with Leidesdorf at December 19, 1929, a Sunday. The date fell instead on Thursday. 3. Statement mde by Maass a t luncheon commemorating the 25th anniver- sary of the Institute. 4. P. Stewart Macauley to author, 11/28/56, with copy of the Resolution of the Acadmie Councfl, February, 1927, and the reconmendations of the Academic Council, April, 1930, 6. Interviev with Arthur 0, lavejoy. Conversation with Alfred Hutzles. 8. Plexner to L. Bamberger, 3/8/30. See Gordon J. king, Standards of Graduate Work, in Problems in Education, Western Reserve University Press, 1927, pp. 198-209. Laing, Dean of the Graduate School at University of Chicago, urged the removal af the ffrst two years of the college to a junior college, and advochted separation of the last two undergradute years from the gxaduate school. This wwld, he hoped, help to cancel from the University-mthe infection of lesson-le~rning." The American system of education placed an in- tolerable burden on the faculty of a university, whose members should be required to teach no more than one hour a day, if that. He feared lest rese~rch men Leave the universities, where in his judgmwt they belonz.ea, to become sequestered in research institutes. The Dean was very crittcal of graduate work in this COUA~~J~. kplte the efforts of the A.A.U., the master's degree was little more than "a gild-edged teacher's certificate," and though better results were obsemable with the doctorate, the scholarship of those who won that degree was very uneven. Ling had just attended the Semicentennial of the Hopkins. Fle merited on the Goodnou Plan, which he likened to the systems in Ger- uany and Prance, where the graduates of the gymnasium and the ly& enter the university with preparation equivalent to that of the
Page 1: A HISTORY OF TEE INSTITUTE POR ADVA
Page 5 and 6: TmLE OF CONTESTS INTRODUCTION . . .
Page 7 and 8: 1 \ -c. --- ft 5s safe to 52)- that
Page 9 and 10: ot;-tervise would have b ~en lackin
Page 12 and 13: medical school. Such a school, he s
Page 14 and 15: them to abandon their intention to
Page 16 and 17: in the "plans already in effect.* N
Page 18 and 19: 2. B. Grznting only the Doctor's an
Page 20 and 21: men of the nost distinguished stand
Page 22 and 23: Frank Aydelotte of Swarthmore Colle
Page 24 and 25: to purckse, retaining the right to
Page 26 and 27: Board of Directors approved the pur
Page 28 and 29: man whose warm hwn qualities, wisdo
Page 30 and 31: Th9 third phase began with the Rode
Page 32 and 33: dominant classical tradition of the
Page 34 and 35: the United States and Canada. He ac
Page 36 and 37: expenditure of sorething like $500
Page 38 and 39: in dominating spirit znd interest t
Page 40 and 41: for college graduates, reseerch ins
Page 42 and 43: quality to hirrself. ft was a susta
Page 44 and 45: ment," without explanation. Dr. Fle
Page 46 and 47: November, 1930, creating enew the s
Page 50 and 51: third-year college stu&nt in thls c
Page 52 and 53: John C. French, A History of the Un
Page 54 and 55: men vith which he charged a few Eas
Page 56 and 57: tions in the hope that better days
Page 58 and 59: What could be expected, if a modern
Page 60 and 61: He wrote: I am sending you kere-uft
Page 62 and 63: worthy of your beneficent idealism.
Page 64 and 65: sible for the eonduct of the businm
Page 66 and 67: the intent to train and guide stude
Page 68 and 69: emitted as trustees give promise...
Page 70 and 71: criticize freely in whole or in par
Page 72 and 73: Mr. Roughton was an elder statesran
Page 74 and 75: even in America. Fs pledged hinelf
Page 76 and 77: the number to the fifteen provided
Page 78 and 79: Mr. Barnbergex's proposal gave the
Page 80 and 81: Vice-himn was provided for, The Boa
Page 82 and 83: CHAPTER fX - NOTES 1. Goodspeed, op
Page 84 and 85: Re shall, after conference with t k
Page 86 and 87: CHAfTER I11 PLAPriING TEE ESTITUTE
Page 88 and 89: in research, whereas, la projecting
Page 90 and 91: a delay in action. The Board could
Page 92 and 93: I have finished the second draft of
Page 94 and 95: Universities, being prirrarily inte
Page 96 and 97: \ . science; the school of economic
Page 98 and 99:
merh~rs of the Institute, and perso
Page 100 and 101:
applied science, and progress in ph
Page 102 and 103:
it right be decided that schools in
Page 104 and 105:
had all too ilttle of it. He had be
Page 106 and 107:
as a location; the mjority advised
Page 108 and 109:
Meanwhile, in Jznuary 1932, the Dir
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Institute were not required to teac
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and the natural sciences. 26 Suqris
Page 114 and 115:
+ this cen chosen were drzwn togeth
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and laborious in a university, 35 D
Page 118 and 119:
Director on a par with the Institut
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, furter, though still agreeing uit
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I am firmly convinced that the absu
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of the University had it held itsel
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Foundation for Scientific Research,
Page 128 and 129:
18. Minutes, Trusteesr meeting, 1/1
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CHAmm IT TEE SCHOOL OF HAIkXWTfCS T
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fields of rwtherratics and its eppl
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\\ \ based on the lot of the young
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one man was only a "nu~leus,~ vhile
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they would meet zt Oxford Universit
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Cruel indecision now assailed Birkh
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destined in their judgment "to hit
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California Institute of Technology'
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wbtsoever. As for himelf, he looked
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confidentially ex2ressed misgivings
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hononed him, Dr. Einstein first vis
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of the story, and photographs of Ei
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My point was not that you were raki
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uri tteri: The first problen! of co
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sam thing to Dr. Weyl, plagued as h
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sox Einstein is thus a distinct add
Page 162 and 163:
Unfortunately, Veblen used Flexnerl
Page 164 and 165:
over the "transferm of the three me
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feared Veblents diqleasure should h
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Professor Veblen bore in the Founde
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either a full and permanent member
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deciding who should be admitted, su
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This was written when Veblen though
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protect the Institute in deciding n
Page 178 and 179:
Then came the French Consul to offe
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ideological extremes in Germany had
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pointed on a rainy Manhattan dock w
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in routing the correspondence. He c
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Professor Veblen was one who had be
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young n-mnber f xom Prague. He noti
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-- '\ Ih you how why Einstein said
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Oxford, he should seek to reopen ne
Page 194 and 195:
Alexander bve talked to re about Ho
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enthusiasm, ability, and nm.bers fa
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mar, of the joirit cnmittee of trrr
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He estimated it would cost $3,000 t
Page 202 and 203:
61. Flexner to Veblen, 12/9/32; 12/
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97. Plewser to bass, 2/19/34. Jesse
Page 206 and 207:
CHAPTER V TEZE SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS
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those of the Vice-president beceae
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about durq educaticnal directors. T
Page 212 and 213:
While Stewart mistrusted apoliticia
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wanted, it was of the economist, an
Page 216 and 217:
ecause of his liberal policies, a d
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was goins to London to become '.onm
Page 220 and 221:
were to be asserted in a series of
Page 222 and 223:
No, I don't expect to be wholly a d
Page 224 and 225:
friend of the Director since 1928.
Page 226 and 227:
that neither he nor the Trustees wo
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and discontent among scholars. Vain
Page 230 and 231:
as a member of the Board. 36 Hr. Fr
Page 232 and 233:
and the luxury of agreeing with him
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onic point of view but from an hist
Page 236 and 237:
When Mr. Maass received the minutes
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attitude on the acceptability of Ma
Page 240 and 241:
consider itself as a location but r
Page 242 and 243:
Dr. Flexner "quoted scripturem to e
Page 244 and 245:
Unfortunately, this was a cmitment
Page 246 and 247:
Dr. Flemer had kept President Dodds
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&re at last vas the kind of program
Page 250 and 251:
He may have been hoping to secure f
Page 252 and 253:
eceived, and of one "unethusiastic"
Page 254 and 255:
ultiaately a budget of $100,000 a y
Page 256 and 257:
But the beginning of September was
Page 258 and 259:
economists could visit to talk abou
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of discontent for Flexner, though t
Page 262 and 263:
egarded work of his career before h
Page 264 and 265:
CHAPTER V - NOTES 1. Interview with
Page 266 and 267:
37. Simon Flexner to Bernard Flexne
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71. Riefler to Flexner, 3/13/36. Ay
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country for classical hwnistic stud
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notions formed on the basis of defe
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mising.> His great vzlue to Fleer w
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lish nev objectives, say, in kerica
Page 278 and 279:
In its tone this was less an outlin
Page 280 and 281:
\ '. -\ would be imnaterial, provid
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Princeton: - The cooperation.. .fie
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eplied that he saw little llklihood
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and the burranities was clear. As h
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and unhealthful. He wanted to retur
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term of the concession (1937-19431,
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Princeton. At that p~ss Flexner ste
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too old to accumulate them at Teach
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sorPanofsky was at McCarmick H all,
Page 298 and 299:
concessions to the De~rtment as did
Page 300 and 301:
In 1936, he decided ta seek a lump
Page 302 and 303:
Apparently the Director decided tha
Page 304 and 305:
and after the most careful scrutiny
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of the Institute depends solely and
Page 308 and 309:
to be such .that studies.. .will be
Page 310 and 311:
CHASTER Vf - Notes I. Fosdick, op.
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34. Vekien to Flexner, 11/5/36. Fle
Page 314 and 315:
CWTER VIf TOO MANY GENERALS The est
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General Education Board in 1925 to
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and how helpful I am sure he is goi
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order of business only a brief stet
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. of the Trustees concurred. They k
Page 324 and 325:
From the time of his conversation w
Page 326 and 327:
-317- with rrembers on behalf of th
Page 328 and 329:
sites. Flexner'a reply was courteou
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near the apposite University depart
Page 332 and 333:
The experiment of cooperating with
Page 334 and 335:
On the same day he wrote to Mr. Bam
Page 336 and 337:
was out of the question. To complet
Page 338 and 339:
As the proposal for the first build
Page 340 and 341:
mathematic stipends w wld better be
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than it was uorth, and the Universi
Page 344 and 345:
joint basis. The Departrrrent agree
Page 346 and 347:
outine matter..,The vzrious univers
Page 348 and 349:
and inviting then, since he ves the
Page 350 and 351:
professors in the School of Mathema
Page 352 and 353:
were faculties entirely self-govern
Page 354 and 355:
sthndards he discussed with Profess
Page 356 and 357:
The Director did not consult the fa
Page 358 and 359:
one group for the trustees, the oth
Page 360 and 361:
continue to suggest the names of li
Page 362 and 363:
the conferences ended as Professors
Page 364 and 365:
k t US get our minds so full of the
Page 366 and 367:
leased. The Institute would advznce
Page 368 and 369:
to protect funds from the faculty,
Page 370 and 371:
6. Maass to Flexner, 7J10/33. 7. In
Page 372 and 373:
46, Flexner to Peblen, 12/4/36. 47.
Page 374:
84. Minutes, Trustees' meeting, 1/2
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