cranfield university mahadi abd murad an integrated structural ...

(Strain ,ε)
0.0002
0.00018
0.00016
0.00014
0.00012
0.0001
0.00008
0.00006
0.00004
0.00002
Figure 5.13: Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) of steel at different points
The steel thermal output curve, as shown in Figure 5.13, was produced by
substituting the temperature values of 24°C up to 40°C into the polynomial expression
of the Constantan alloy (A-Alloy) strain gauge. Since the CTE of steel material of the
pipeline test rig was assumed to be similar to the strain gauge CTE, no reference
specimen was prepared.
0
0 10 20 30 40 50
S3 shows a good linear thermal strain expansion as the temperature increases
from room temperature until reaching 40°C. The CTE of the test rig which shows the
average value of 12.25 x 10 -6 /°C is equivalent to the carbon steel 1018 CTE which has
the value of 11 ~ 13 x 10 -6 /°C (ASM International, 2002).
183
Gradient S3 = 13.01 µε / °C
Gradient S3 = 11.72 µε / °C
Corrected Steel S3 (S3 - STO)
Steel Thermal Output (STO)
(Temperature °C)