Biomass Energy Data Book: Edition 4 - Full Document - Center for ...

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Competitive Electricity Markets Retail Green Power Product Offerings as of August 2010 (continued) Pennsylvania Energy Cooperative of EcoChoice 100 89% landfill gas, 10% Pennsylvania wind, 1% solar — UGI Utilities Renewable Residential 100% MSW, waste coal, Service - Alternative Energy wood pulp (50% or 100% of usage) — Rhode Island Narragansett Electric / Clear Sky Clear Sky Home 100% new bioenergy Power — Narragansett Electric / People's New England GreenStart RI 70% small hydro, 17% Power and Light 50% or 100% of usage bioenergy, 13% wind and solar — Narragansett Electric / Sterling Sterling Supreme 100% 40% small hydro, 25% Environmental Planet biomass, 25% new solar, 10% new wind Resources Trust Source: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, The Green Power Network http://apps3.eere.energy.gov/greenpower/markets/marketing.shtml?page=1 a As product prices fluctuate, please contact the listed marketers to get accurate price quote for products. b New is defined as operating or repowered after January 1, 1997 based on the Green-e standard. c Offered in PEPCO service territory. d Products are only available in the National Grid service territory. e Offered in Niagra Mohawk and NYSEG service territories. * The Massachusetts Technology Collaborative's Clean Energy Choice (CEC) program provides local matching grants for clean energy projects for residents who make a voluntary offering. Biomass Energy Data Book – 2011 – http://cta.ornl.gov/bedb
Renewable energy certificates (RECs)—also known as green tags, renewable energy credits, or tradable renewable certificates—represent the environmental attributes of power generated from renewable electric plants. A number of organizations offer green energy certificates separate from electricity service (i.e., customers do not need to switch from their current electricity supplier to purchase these certificates). Organizations that offer green certificate products using biomass resources are listed below. Certificate Marketer Product Name 3 Phases Renewables Green Certificates 3Degrees National Renewable Energy Certificates Renewable Resources Location of Renewable Resources Residential Price Premium* Certification 100% biomass, geothermal, hydro, solar, wind 100% wind, solar, Nationwide 1.2¢/kWh Green-e geothermal, low- Nationwide impact hydro, biogas, biomass 0.5¢/kWh-1.5¢/kWh Green-e NativeEnergy Remooable Energy 100% new biogas Pennsylvania 0.8¢/kWh-1.0¢/kWh ** Carbon Solutions Group CSG CleanBuild GP Renewables & Trading LLC GP-REC Structured Product biomass, biogas, wind, solar, hydro solar, hydro, biomass, landfill gas, energy efficiency Nationwide 0.9¢/kWh Green-e Localized by state and region 0.2¢/kWh Green Mountain Energy BeGreen RECs wind, solar, biomass Nationwide 1.4¢/kWh — Santee Cooper SC Green Power landfill gas, solar South Carolina 3.0¢/kWh Green-e Village Green Energy Village Green Power solar, wind, biogas California, Nationwide Source: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, The Green Power Network http://apps3.eere.energy.gov/greenpower/markets/certificates.shtml?page=1 Notes: Section: BIOPOWER National Retail Renewable Energy Certificate Product Offerings, August 2010 2.0¢/kWh-2.5¢/kWh Green-e — Information not available. * Product prices are updated as of August 2010. Premium may also apply to small commercial customers. Large users may be able to negotiate price premiums. ** Product is sourced from Green-e and ERT-certified RECs. ERT also certifies the entire product portfolio. Biomass Energy Data Book – 2011 – http://cta.ornl.gov/bedb —
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USEFUL WEB SITES GOVERNMENT LINKS U
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Users of the Biomass Energy Data B
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PREFACE The Department of Energy, t
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INTRODUCTION TO BIOMASS Contents Da
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Legislation passed in December 2007
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Natural Gas Plant Nuclear Electric
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Biofuels, which are produced mainly
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In 2010, biomass accounted for abou
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Biomass is the single largest sourc
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Life-cycle analyses (LCAs) are anot
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Indirect Land-Use Change - The Issu
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Greenhouse gas emissions are one of
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potential energy crop supplies vary
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In 2007, the United States had a to
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Section: INTRODUCTION Geographic Lo
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Section: INTRODUCTION Geographic Lo
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Currently used biomass feedstocks a
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BIOFUELS Contents Data Type Updated
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Biofuels Overview A variety of fuel
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Section: BIOFUELS Diagram of Routes
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Ethanol Overview There are two type
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Property Ethanol Gasoline No. 2 Die
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Fuel ethanol production has been on
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Although ethanol can be made from a
Page 50 and 51: With increased blending of ethanol
Page 52 and 53: The mash is processed in a high-tem
Page 54 and 55: 4. Cellulose Hydrolysis. In this st
Page 56 and 57: Ethanol is used as an oxygenate, bl
Page 58 and 59: The net energy balance and greenhou
Page 60 and 61: This figure shows the fossil energy
Page 62 and 63: The GREET model was developed by Ar
Page 64 and 65: Biodiesel Overview Biodiesel is a c
Page 66 and 67: SECTION: BIOFUELS Biodiesel Product
Page 68 and 69: SECTION: BIOFUELS Biodiesel Product
Page 70 and 71: Section: BIOFUELS Typical Proportio
Page 72 and 73: Property Test Method B6 to B20 S15
Page 74 and 75: The results of a study conducted by
Page 76 and 77: Pyrolysis is thermal decomposition
Page 78 and 79: Bio-oil is a liquid fuel made from
Page 80 and 81: Section: BIOFUELS Annotated Summary
Page 82 and 83: BIOPOWER Contents Data Type Updated
Page 84 and 85: Technology Category Biomass Convers
Page 86 and 87: Reburning with Wood Fuels for NOx M
Page 88 and 89: Fuel And EIA Fuel Code Emissions Un
Page 90 and 91: For the purpose of agricultural soi
Page 92 and 93: There are three distinct markets fo
Page 94 and 95: There are a growing number of utili
Page 96 and 97: Utility Green Pricing Programs Usin
Page 98 and 99: Utility Green Pricing Programs Usin
Page 102 and 103: Number of New Biomass Plants Megawa
Page 104 and 105: Current Biomass Power Plants (Conti
Page 106 and 107: New Plants Megawatts 100 90 80 70 6
Page 108 and 109: Current Landfill Gas Power Plants (
Page 116 and 117: New Plants Megawatts 35 30 25 20 15
Page 118 and 119: Current Municipal Solid Waste Power
Page 120 and 121: Green Pricing Programs, which allow
Page 122 and 123: Section: BIOPOWER Coal Displacement
Page 124 and 125: Section: BIOPOWER Number of Home El
Page 126 and 127: Biorefineries Overview As a petrole
Page 128 and 129: Below are nineteen projects relevan
Page 130 and 131: Section: BIOREFINERIES Integrated B
Page 132 and 133: SECTION: BIOREFINERIES Integrated B
Page 134 and 135: FEEDSTOCKS Contents Data Type Updat
Page 136 and 137: Pellet and Cordwood Appliance Shipm
Page 138 and 139: Year Planted a Harvested 1,000 Acre
Page 140 and 141: Item Gross value of production 2009
Page 142 and 143: The figure below shows that corn us
Page 144 and 145: Overall, the price for corn has bee
Page 146 and 147: Production of sufficient quantities
Page 148 and 149: Due largely to increased ethanol de
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Production of food for domestic liv
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These data show that government sub
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2007 2008 2009 2007 2008 2009 2007
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Year Area Planted Harvested Section
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Item Gross value of production 2009
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The price for sorghum declined from
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Sorghum is used for ethanol product
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Item 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/1
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Planted a Year harvested Marketing
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Supply Section: FEEDSTOCKS Wheat: S
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Item Gross value of production 2009
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Camelina can be grown under margina
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2007 2008 2009 b 2007 2008 2009 b 2
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USDA's 2008 soybean baseline projec
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Year Area Planted Section: FEEDSTOC
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In 2006, soybean stocks and product
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Soybean production area is similar
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Using algae as a feedstock for biof
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Logging residues are the unused por
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Forest residue thinnings are the ma
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The Forest Service's State and Priv
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The map below showing feedlot capac
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Although the mill residues shown in
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Shipments of cordwood appliances ha
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Construction and demolition produce
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Appendix A - Conversions Contents D
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Section: Appendix A Heat Content Ra
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The Effect of Moisture on Heating V
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Measured Moisture, Elements, and Hi
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List and Definition of Symbols Symb
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Section: Appendix A Estimation of B
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Section: Appendix A Stand Level Bio
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The conversions in this table are o
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Section: Appendix A Estimating Tons
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Mass Section: Appendix A Mass Units
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Capacity and Volume 1 U.S. gallon (
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FROM: MJ J k W h Btu IT cal IT mega
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Section: Appendix A Alternative Mea
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Section: Appendix A SI Prefixes and
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Section: Appendix A Cost per Unit C
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Bioenergy Feedstocks Liquid Biofuel
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Bioenergy Feedstocks Liquid Biofuel
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Avoided costs - An investment guide
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Bulk density - Weight per unit of v
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harvested and cropland left idle al
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Feller-buncher - A self-propelled m
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Gasifier - A device for converting
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Horsepower - (electrical horsepower
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Moisture content - (MC) The weight
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Photosynthesis - Process by which c
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Reserve margin - The amount by whic
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Sustainable - An ecosystem conditio
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Waste streams - Unused solid or liq
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