Biomass Energy Data Book: Edition 4 - Full Document - Center for ...

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New Plants Megawatts 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 1940 1940 1948 1948 1949 1949 1951 1951 1959 1959 1980 Section: BIOPOWER New Municipal Solid Waste Power Plants by Year 1981 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1994 Municipal Solid Waste Power Plant Capacity by Year (Megawatt Hours) Source: National Electric Energy System (NEEDS) Database for IPM 2010. http://epa.gov/airmarkets/progsregs/epa-ipm/BaseCasev410.html Notes: 1. Only years in which new plants were brought online are shown. 2. Power plant capacity based on NEEDS 2010 Data. 1980 1981 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 Biomass Energy Data Book – 2011 – http://cta.ornl.gov/bedb 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1994 1995 1995 2002 2002 2003 2003 2005 2005 2007 2007 2009 2009 2011 2011
Section: BIOPOWER Current Municipal Solid Waste Power Plants Boiler/Generator/ Heat Rate Plant Name Committed Unit State Name County Capacity MW (Btu/kWh) Cogeneration On-line Year French Island B Wisconsin La Crosse 14.50 10,400 N 1940 French Island B Wisconsin La Crosse 14.50 10,400 N 1940 Red Wing B Minnesota Goodhue 10.00 20,114 N 1949 Red Wing B Minnesota Goodhue 10.00 19,817 N 1949 Wilmarth B Minnesota Blue Earth 9.00 19,243 N 1948 Wilmarth B Minnesota Blue Earth 8.00 19,266 N 1948 Elk River B Minnesota Sherburne 7.80 14,800 N 1951 Elk River B Minnesota Sherburne 7.50 14,800 N 1951 Elk River B Minnesota Sherburne 14.50 14,800 N 1959 Covanta Warren Energy B New Jersey Warren 5.00 18,843 N 1988 Covanta Warren Energy B New Jersey Warren 5.00 19,338 N 1988 Covanta Hennepin Energy B Minnesota Hennepin 16.85 19,338 N 1989 Covanta Hennepin Energy B Minnesota Hennepin 16.85 19,338 N 1989 Greater Detroit Resource Recovery B Michigan Wayne 21.20 19,338 Y 1988 Greater Detroit Resource Recovery B Michigan Wayne 21.20 19,338 Y 1988 Greater Detroit Resource Recovery B Michigan Wayne 21.20 19,338 Y 1988 Miami Dade County Resource Recovery B Florida Miami Dade 17.91 19,338 N 1981 Miami Dade County Resource Recovery B Florida Miami Dade 17.91 19,338 N 1981 Miami Dade County Resource Recovery B Florida Miami Dade 17.91 19,338 N 1981 Miami Dade County Resource Recovery B Florida Miami Dade 17.91 19,338 N 1981 Commerce Refuse To Energy B California Los Angeles 9.00 19,338 N 1986 Harrisburg Facility B Pennsylvania Dauphin 6.93 19,338 Y 2009 Harrisburg Facility B Pennsylvania Dauphin 6.93 19,338 Y 2009 Harrisburg Facility B Pennsylvania Dauphin 6.93 19,338 Y 2005 Bay Resource Management Center B Florida Bay 5.00 19,338 N 1987 Bay Resource Management Center B Florida Bay 5.00 19,338 N 1987 Dutchess Cnty Resource Recovery G New York Dutchess 7.20 28,175 N 1987 Maine Energy Recovery B Maine York 9.00 19,338 N 1987 Maine Energy Recovery B Maine York 9.00 19,338 N 1987 Charleston Resource Recovery Facility B South Carolina Charleston 4.75 19,338 Y 1989 Charleston Resource Recovery Facility B South Carolina Charleston 4.75 19,338 Y 1989 Camden Resource Recovery Facility B New Jersey Camden 10.00 19,338 N 1991 Camden Resource Recovery Facility B New Jersey Camden 10.00 19,338 N 1991 Camden Resource Recovery Facility B New Jersey Camden 10.00 19,338 N 1991 Wheelabrator Hudson Falls B New York Washington 5.75 19,338 N 1991 Wheelabrator Hudson Falls B New York Washington 5.75 19,338 N 1991 Wheelabrator Baltimore Refuse B Maryland City of Baltimore 20.43 19,338 Y 1984 Wheelabrator Baltimore Refuse B Maryland City of Baltimore 20.43 19,338 Y 1984 Wheelabrator Baltimore Refuse B Maryland City of Baltimore 20.43 19,338 Y 1984 Covanta Hempstead B New York Nassau 23.67 19,338 N 1989 Covanta Hempstead B New York Nassau 23.67 19,338 N 1989 Covanta Hempstead B New York Nassau 23.67 19,338 N 1989 American Ref-Fuel of Essex B New Jersey Essex 10.00 19,338 N 1990 American Ref-Fuel of Essex B New Jersey Essex 10.00 19,338 N 1990 American Ref-Fuel of Essex B New Jersey Essex 40.00 19,338 N 1990 American Ref-Fuel of SE CT B Connecticut New London 8.00 19,338 N 1991 American Ref-Fuel of SE CT B Connecticut New London 8.00 19,338 N 1991 Jackson County Resource Recovery G Michigan Jackson 3.00 19,338 Y 1987 American Ref-Fuel of Delaware Valley B Pennsylvania Delaware 13.33 18,434 N 1991 American Ref-Fuel of Delaware Valley B Pennsylvania Delaware 13.33 18,434 N 1991 American Ref-Fuel of Delaware Valley B Pennsylvania Delaware 13.33 18,434 N 1991 American Ref-Fuel of Delaware Valley B Pennsylvania Delaware 13.33 18,434 N 1991 American Ref-Fuel of Delaware Valley B Pennsylvania Delaware 13.33 18,434 N 1991 American Ref-Fuel of Delaware Valley B Pennsylvania Delaware 13.33 18,434 N 1991 MMWAC Resource Recovery Facility G Maine Androscoggin 2.70 19,338 N 1992 Penobscot Energy Recovery B Maine Penobscot 10.60 19,338 N 1987 Penobscot Energy Recovery B Maine Penobscot 10.60 19,338 N 1987 North County Regional Resource B Florida Palm Beach 23.75 19,338 N 1989 North County Regional Resource B Florida Palm Beach 23.75 19,338 N 1989 York County Resource Recovery B Pennsylvania York 9.50 19,338 N 1989 York County Resource Recovery B Pennsylvania York 9.50 19,338 N 1989 York County Resource Recovery B Pennsylvania York 9.50 19,338 N 1989 Regional Waste Systems B Maine Cumberland 5.75 19,338 N 1988 Regional Waste Systems B Maine Cumberland 5.75 19,338 N 1988 New Hanover County WASTEC B North Carolina New Hanover 0.57 19,338 N 1991 New Hanover County WASTEC B North Carolina New Hanover 0.57 19,338 N 1991 New Hanover County WASTEC B North Carolina New Hanover 0.57 19,338 N 1991 New Hanover County WASTEC G North Carolina New Hanover 1.90 29,317 N 2002 Pioneer Valley Resource Recovery G Massachusetts Hampden 7.50 22,403 N 1988 SEMASS Resource Recovery B Massachusetts Plymouth 26.67 19,338 N 1988 SEMASS Resource Recovery B Massachusetts Plymouth 26.67 19,338 N 1988 SEMASS Resource Recovery B Massachusetts Plymouth 26.67 19,338 N 1988 Olmsted Waste Energy G Minnesota Olmsted 1.30 19,338 Y 1987 Olmsted Waste Energy G Minnesota Olmsted 1.40 19,338 Y 1987 American Ref-Fuel of Niagara B New York Niagara 9.00 19,338 Y 1980 American Ref-Fuel of Niagara B New York Niagara 9.00 19,338 Y 1980 Covanta Lake County Energy B Florida Lake 6.25 19,338 N 1990 Covanta Lake County Energy B Florida Lake 6.25 19,338 N 1990 Covanta Marion Inc B Oregon Marion 5.75 19,338 Y 1986 Covanta Marion Inc B Oregon Marion 5.75 19,338 Y 1986 Covanta Stanislaus Energy B California Stanislaus 9.00 19,338 N 1988 Covanta Stanislaus Energy B California Stanislaus 9.00 19,338 N 1988 Covanta Indianapolis Energy G Indiana Marion 5.00 19,338 Y 1988 Continued on next page Biomass Energy Data Book – 2011 – http://cta.ornl.gov/bedb
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USEFUL WEB SITES GOVERNMENT LINKS U
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Users of the Biomass Energy Data B
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PREFACE The Department of Energy, t
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INTRODUCTION TO BIOMASS Contents Da
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Legislation passed in December 2007
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Natural Gas Plant Nuclear Electric
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Biofuels, which are produced mainly
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In 2010, biomass accounted for abou
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Biomass is the single largest sourc
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Life-cycle analyses (LCAs) are anot
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Indirect Land-Use Change - The Issu
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Greenhouse gas emissions are one of
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potential energy crop supplies vary
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In 2007, the United States had a to
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Section: INTRODUCTION Geographic Lo
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Section: INTRODUCTION Geographic Lo
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Currently used biomass feedstocks a
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BIOFUELS Contents Data Type Updated
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Biofuels Overview A variety of fuel
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Section: BIOFUELS Diagram of Routes
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Ethanol Overview There are two type
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Property Ethanol Gasoline No. 2 Die
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Fuel ethanol production has been on
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Although ethanol can be made from a
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With increased blending of ethanol
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The mash is processed in a high-tem
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4. Cellulose Hydrolysis. In this st
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Ethanol is used as an oxygenate, bl
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The net energy balance and greenhou
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This figure shows the fossil energy
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The GREET model was developed by Ar
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Biodiesel Overview Biodiesel is a c
Page 66 and 67: SECTION: BIOFUELS Biodiesel Product
Page 68 and 69: SECTION: BIOFUELS Biodiesel Product
Page 70 and 71: Section: BIOFUELS Typical Proportio
Page 72 and 73: Property Test Method B6 to B20 S15
Page 74 and 75: The results of a study conducted by
Page 76 and 77: Pyrolysis is thermal decomposition
Page 78 and 79: Bio-oil is a liquid fuel made from
Page 80 and 81: Section: BIOFUELS Annotated Summary
Page 82 and 83: BIOPOWER Contents Data Type Updated
Page 84 and 85: Technology Category Biomass Convers
Page 86 and 87: Reburning with Wood Fuels for NOx M
Page 88 and 89: Fuel And EIA Fuel Code Emissions Un
Page 90 and 91: For the purpose of agricultural soi
Page 92 and 93: There are three distinct markets fo
Page 94 and 95: There are a growing number of utili
Page 96 and 97: Utility Green Pricing Programs Usin
Page 98 and 99: Utility Green Pricing Programs Usin
Page 100 and 101: Competitive Electricity Markets Ret
Page 102 and 103: Number of New Biomass Plants Megawa
Page 104 and 105: Current Biomass Power Plants (Conti
Page 106 and 107: New Plants Megawatts 100 90 80 70 6
Page 108 and 109: Current Landfill Gas Power Plants (
Page 118 and 119: Current Municipal Solid Waste Power
Page 120 and 121: Green Pricing Programs, which allow
Page 122 and 123: Section: BIOPOWER Coal Displacement
Page 124 and 125: Section: BIOPOWER Number of Home El
Page 126 and 127: Biorefineries Overview As a petrole
Page 128 and 129: Below are nineteen projects relevan
Page 130 and 131: Section: BIOREFINERIES Integrated B
Page 132 and 133: SECTION: BIOREFINERIES Integrated B
Page 134 and 135: FEEDSTOCKS Contents Data Type Updat
Page 136 and 137: Pellet and Cordwood Appliance Shipm
Page 138 and 139: Year Planted a Harvested 1,000 Acre
Page 140 and 141: Item Gross value of production 2009
Page 142 and 143: The figure below shows that corn us
Page 144 and 145: Overall, the price for corn has bee
Page 146 and 147: Production of sufficient quantities
Page 148 and 149: Due largely to increased ethanol de
Page 150 and 151: Production of food for domestic liv
Page 152 and 153: These data show that government sub
Page 154 and 155: 2007 2008 2009 2007 2008 2009 2007
Page 156 and 157: Year Area Planted Harvested Section
Page 158 and 159: Item Gross value of production 2009
Page 160 and 161: The price for sorghum declined from
Page 162 and 163: Sorghum is used for ethanol product
Page 164 and 165: Item 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/1
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Planted a Year harvested Marketing
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Supply Section: FEEDSTOCKS Wheat: S
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Item Gross value of production 2009
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Camelina can be grown under margina
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2007 2008 2009 b 2007 2008 2009 b 2
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USDA's 2008 soybean baseline projec
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Year Area Planted Section: FEEDSTOC
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In 2006, soybean stocks and product
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Soybean production area is similar
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Using algae as a feedstock for biof
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Logging residues are the unused por
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Forest residue thinnings are the ma
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The Forest Service's State and Priv
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The map below showing feedlot capac
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Although the mill residues shown in
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Shipments of cordwood appliances ha
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Construction and demolition produce
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Appendix A - Conversions Contents D
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Section: Appendix A Heat Content Ra
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The Effect of Moisture on Heating V
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Measured Moisture, Elements, and Hi
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List and Definition of Symbols Symb
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Section: Appendix A Estimation of B
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Section: Appendix A Stand Level Bio
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The conversions in this table are o
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Section: Appendix A Estimating Tons
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Mass Section: Appendix A Mass Units
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Capacity and Volume 1 U.S. gallon (
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FROM: MJ J k W h Btu IT cal IT mega
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Section: Appendix A Alternative Mea
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Section: Appendix A SI Prefixes and
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Section: Appendix A Cost per Unit C
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Bioenergy Feedstocks Liquid Biofuel
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Bioenergy Feedstocks Liquid Biofuel
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Avoided costs - An investment guide
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Bulk density - Weight per unit of v
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harvested and cropland left idle al
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Feller-buncher - A self-propelled m
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Gasifier - A device for converting
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Horsepower - (electrical horsepower
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Moisture content - (MC) The weight
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Photosynthesis - Process by which c
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Reserve margin - The amount by whic
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Sustainable - An ecosystem conditio
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Waste streams - Unused solid or liq
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