Biomass Energy Data Book: Edition 4 - Full Document - Center for ...

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Overall, the price for corn has been declining due to improvements in farming techniques. Though there has always been variation in corn price from year to year due to factors such as weather, affecting yield, much of the increase beginning in 2005 is likely attributable to increased demand for corn by ethanol producers. Dollars/Bushel 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Section: FEEDSTOCKS Corn: Price per Bushel, 1975-2010 (constant 2010 dollars) 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Source: U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service http://www.nass.usda.gov/ Biomass Energy Data Book – 2011 – http://cta.ornl.gov/bedb
In the baseline year of 2001, 7.5% of all corn grain produced was used for ethanol production and by 2009 it rose to about 35%. Largely due to increased demand for ethanol, the acres of corn planted rose sharply in 2007 to 93 million acres but declined somewhat over the next two years; acreage variation is related to feed and export demands, crop subsidy programs, previous year grain prices and animal demand for silage. Yield variation relates to climate variation and improved varieties of corn. Year 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels 1,000 Bushels Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Acres Tons 1,000 Tons 1996 79,229 72,644 127.1 9,232,557 2.71 25,149,013 5,607 15.4 86,581 1997 79,537 72,671 126.7 9,206,832 2.43 22,351,507 6,054 16.1 97,192 1998 80,165 72,589 134.4 9,758,685 1.94 18,922,084 5,913 16.1 95,479 1999 77,386 70,487 133.8 9,430,612 1.82 17,103,991 6,037 15.8 95,633 2000 79,551 72,440 136.9 9,915,051 1.85 18,499,002 6,082 16.8 102,156 2001 75,702 68,768 138.2 9,502,580 1.97 18,878,819 6,142 16.6 101,992 2002 78,894 69,330 129.3 8,966,787 2.32 20,882,448 7,122 14.4 102,293 2003 78,603 70,944 142.2 10,087,292 2.42 24,472,254 6,583 16.3 107,378 2004 80,929 73,631 160.3 11,805,581 2.06 24,377,913 6,101 17.6 107,293 2005 81,779 75,117 147.9 11,112,187 2.00 22,194,287 5,930 18.0 106,486 2006 78,327 70,638 149.1 10,531,123 3.04 32,083,011 6,487 16.2 105,129 2007 93,527 86,520 150.7 13,073,875 4.20 54,666,959 6,060 17.5 106,229 2008 85,982 78,570 153.9 12,091,648 4.06 49,312,615 5,965 18.7 111,619 2009 a 86,482 79,590 164.7 13,110,062 3.70 48,588,665 5,605 19.3 108,209 Source: U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2010 Agricultural Statistics , Table 1-35 and previous annual editions. http://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/Ag_Statistics/index.asp a Preliminary Area Planted for all purposes Area harvested Section: FEEDSTOCKS Corn: Area, Yield, Production, and Value, 1996-2009 Yield per harvested acre Corn for grain Corn for silage Production Marketing year average price per bushel Value of production Area Harvested Biomass Energy Data Book – 2011 – http://cta.ornl.gov/bedb Yield per harvested acre Production
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USEFUL WEB SITES GOVERNMENT LINKS U
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Users of the Biomass Energy Data B
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PREFACE The Department of Energy, t
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INTRODUCTION TO BIOMASS Contents Da
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Legislation passed in December 2007
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Natural Gas Plant Nuclear Electric
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Biofuels, which are produced mainly
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In 2010, biomass accounted for abou
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Biomass is the single largest sourc
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Life-cycle analyses (LCAs) are anot
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Indirect Land-Use Change - The Issu
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Greenhouse gas emissions are one of
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potential energy crop supplies vary
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In 2007, the United States had a to
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Section: INTRODUCTION Geographic Lo
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Section: INTRODUCTION Geographic Lo
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Currently used biomass feedstocks a
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BIOFUELS Contents Data Type Updated
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Biofuels Overview A variety of fuel
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Section: BIOFUELS Diagram of Routes
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Ethanol Overview There are two type
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Property Ethanol Gasoline No. 2 Die
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Fuel ethanol production has been on
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Although ethanol can be made from a
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With increased blending of ethanol
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The mash is processed in a high-tem
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4. Cellulose Hydrolysis. In this st
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Ethanol is used as an oxygenate, bl
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The net energy balance and greenhou
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This figure shows the fossil energy
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The GREET model was developed by Ar
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Biodiesel Overview Biodiesel is a c
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SECTION: BIOFUELS Biodiesel Product
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SECTION: BIOFUELS Biodiesel Product
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Section: BIOFUELS Typical Proportio
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Property Test Method B6 to B20 S15
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The results of a study conducted by
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Pyrolysis is thermal decomposition
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Bio-oil is a liquid fuel made from
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Section: BIOFUELS Annotated Summary
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BIOPOWER Contents Data Type Updated
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Technology Category Biomass Convers
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Reburning with Wood Fuels for NOx M
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Fuel And EIA Fuel Code Emissions Un
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For the purpose of agricultural soi
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There are three distinct markets fo
Page 94 and 95: There are a growing number of utili
Page 96 and 97: Utility Green Pricing Programs Usin
Page 98 and 99: Utility Green Pricing Programs Usin
Page 100 and 101: Competitive Electricity Markets Ret
Page 102 and 103: Number of New Biomass Plants Megawa
Page 104 and 105: Current Biomass Power Plants (Conti
Page 106 and 107: New Plants Megawatts 100 90 80 70 6
Page 108 and 109: Current Landfill Gas Power Plants (
Page 116 and 117: New Plants Megawatts 35 30 25 20 15
Page 118 and 119: Current Municipal Solid Waste Power
Page 120 and 121: Green Pricing Programs, which allow
Page 122 and 123: Section: BIOPOWER Coal Displacement
Page 124 and 125: Section: BIOPOWER Number of Home El
Page 126 and 127: Biorefineries Overview As a petrole
Page 128 and 129: Below are nineteen projects relevan
Page 130 and 131: Section: BIOREFINERIES Integrated B
Page 132 and 133: SECTION: BIOREFINERIES Integrated B
Page 134 and 135: FEEDSTOCKS Contents Data Type Updat
Page 136 and 137: Pellet and Cordwood Appliance Shipm
Page 138 and 139: Year Planted a Harvested 1,000 Acre
Page 140 and 141: Item Gross value of production 2009
Page 142 and 143: The figure below shows that corn us
Page 146 and 147: Production of sufficient quantities
Page 148 and 149: Due largely to increased ethanol de
Page 150 and 151: Production of food for domestic liv
Page 152 and 153: These data show that government sub
Page 154 and 155: 2007 2008 2009 2007 2008 2009 2007
Page 156 and 157: Year Area Planted Harvested Section
Page 160 and 161: The price for sorghum declined from
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Page 164 and 165: Item 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/1
Page 166 and 167: Planted a Year harvested Marketing
Page 168 and 169: Supply Section: FEEDSTOCKS Wheat: S
Page 172 and 173: Camelina can be grown under margina
Page 174 and 175: 2007 2008 2009 b 2007 2008 2009 b 2
Page 176 and 177: USDA's 2008 soybean baseline projec
Page 178 and 179: Year Area Planted Section: FEEDSTOC
Page 180 and 181: In 2006, soybean stocks and product
Page 182 and 183: Soybean production area is similar
Page 184 and 185: Using algae as a feedstock for biof
Page 186 and 187: Logging residues are the unused por
Page 188 and 189: Forest residue thinnings are the ma
Page 190 and 191: The Forest Service's State and Priv
Page 192 and 193: The map below showing feedlot capac
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Although the mill residues shown in
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Shipments of cordwood appliances ha
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Construction and demolition produce
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Appendix A - Conversions Contents D
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Section: Appendix A Heat Content Ra
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The Effect of Moisture on Heating V
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Measured Moisture, Elements, and Hi
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List and Definition of Symbols Symb
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Section: Appendix A Estimation of B
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Section: Appendix A Stand Level Bio
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The conversions in this table are o
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Section: Appendix A Estimating Tons
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Mass Section: Appendix A Mass Units
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Capacity and Volume 1 U.S. gallon (
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FROM: MJ J k W h Btu IT cal IT mega
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Section: Appendix A Alternative Mea
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Section: Appendix A SI Prefixes and
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Section: Appendix A Cost per Unit C
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Bioenergy Feedstocks Liquid Biofuel
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Bioenergy Feedstocks Liquid Biofuel
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Avoided costs - An investment guide
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Bulk density - Weight per unit of v
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harvested and cropland left idle al
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Feller-buncher - A self-propelled m
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Gasifier - A device for converting
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Horsepower - (electrical horsepower
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Moisture content - (MC) The weight
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Photosynthesis - Process by which c
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Reserve margin - The amount by whic
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Sustainable - An ecosystem conditio
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Waste streams - Unused solid or liq
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