Biomass Energy Data Book: Edition 4 - Full Document - Center for ...

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Section: BIOREFINERIES Integrated Biorefinery Project Locations Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Biomass Program, November 2010. http://www1.eere.energy.gov/biomass/pdfs/ibr_portfolio_overview.pdf Biomass Energy Data Book – 2011 – http://cta.ornl.gov/bedb
Section: BIOREFINERIES Fuels, Technologies and Feedstocks in Planned Biorefineries as of 2008 Ethanol Liquid Fuel Types Planned Propanol Biogasoline Methanol Fischer-Tropsch diesel fuel Lignocellulosic biodiesel Bio-butanol Renewable Crude Oil Jet Fuel Weak Acid Hydrolysis Technologies Involved in Producton of Biofuels and Bioproducts Component of ethanol production, see BIOFUELS "The Ethanol Production Process - Dry Milling" Enzymatic hydrolysis Component of ethanol production, see BIOFUELS "The Ethanol Production Process - Dry Milling" Engineered microbes Component of ethanol production, see BIOFUELS "The Ethanol Production Process - Dry Milling" Specialty enzymes Component of ethanol production, see BIOFUELS "The Ethanol Production Process - Dry Milling" Steam explosion hydrolysis Alternative to weak acid hydrolysis for feedstock pretreatment Strong acid hydrolysis Alternative to weak acid hydrolysis for feedstock pretreatment Hydrogenolysis process One of several patent descriptions found at http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/4661643 Organosolv process One of several patent descriptions found at http://www.patentgenius.com/patent/4470851.html Fischer-Tropsch process See http://wikipedia.org/wiki/Fischer-Tropsch for explanation Gasification* A thermochemical process creating a synthesis gas that can be transformed by catalysts or microbes to biofuels/bioproducts Biomass Fractionation* Separation of biomass components prior to pretreatment for a wide variety of possible end-products Proprietary technologies* Several proprietary technologies have been proposed Feedstocks Planned for Production of New Biofuels and Bioproducts Agricultural Residues Industry and Municipal Residuals Citrus Waste Municipal solid waste Corn cobs, fiber and stover Yellow/trap grease Grain, rice and wheat straw Construction waste Leafy material Urban wood waste Energy Crops Other Woody Biomass Miscanthus Hazardous forest fuels (thinning & slash) Specially bred energy cane Material from habitat restoration Switchgrass Poplar, willow, and pine trees Logging and mill residues Source: The information presented above is largely derived from the fact sheet on cellulosic biofuels developed in July 2008 by Justin Mattingly, Fahran Robb, and Jetta Wong of the Environmental and Energy Study Institute (www.eesi.org). Oak Ridge National Laboratory staff added links for additional information. Note: More information can be found at: http://www1.eere.energy.gov/biomass/factsheets.html Biomass Energy Data Book – 2011 – http://cta.ornl.gov/bedb
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USEFUL WEB SITES GOVERNMENT LINKS U
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Users of the Biomass Energy Data B
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PREFACE The Department of Energy, t
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INTRODUCTION TO BIOMASS Contents Da
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Legislation passed in December 2007
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Natural Gas Plant Nuclear Electric
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Biofuels, which are produced mainly
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In 2010, biomass accounted for abou
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Biomass is the single largest sourc
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Life-cycle analyses (LCAs) are anot
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Indirect Land-Use Change - The Issu
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Greenhouse gas emissions are one of
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potential energy crop supplies vary
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In 2007, the United States had a to
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Section: INTRODUCTION Geographic Lo
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Section: INTRODUCTION Geographic Lo
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Currently used biomass feedstocks a
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BIOFUELS Contents Data Type Updated
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Biofuels Overview A variety of fuel
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Section: BIOFUELS Diagram of Routes
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Ethanol Overview There are two type
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Property Ethanol Gasoline No. 2 Die
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Fuel ethanol production has been on
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Although ethanol can be made from a
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With increased blending of ethanol
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The mash is processed in a high-tem
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4. Cellulose Hydrolysis. In this st
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Ethanol is used as an oxygenate, bl
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The net energy balance and greenhou
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This figure shows the fossil energy
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The GREET model was developed by Ar
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Biodiesel Overview Biodiesel is a c
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SECTION: BIOFUELS Biodiesel Product
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SECTION: BIOFUELS Biodiesel Product
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Section: BIOFUELS Typical Proportio
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Property Test Method B6 to B20 S15
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The results of a study conducted by
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Pyrolysis is thermal decomposition
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Bio-oil is a liquid fuel made from
Page 80 and 81: Section: BIOFUELS Annotated Summary
Page 82 and 83: BIOPOWER Contents Data Type Updated
Page 84 and 85: Technology Category Biomass Convers
Page 86 and 87: Reburning with Wood Fuels for NOx M
Page 88 and 89: Fuel And EIA Fuel Code Emissions Un
Page 90 and 91: For the purpose of agricultural soi
Page 92 and 93: There are three distinct markets fo
Page 94 and 95: There are a growing number of utili
Page 96 and 97: Utility Green Pricing Programs Usin
Page 98 and 99: Utility Green Pricing Programs Usin
Page 100 and 101: Competitive Electricity Markets Ret
Page 102 and 103: Number of New Biomass Plants Megawa
Page 104 and 105: Current Biomass Power Plants (Conti
Page 106 and 107: New Plants Megawatts 100 90 80 70 6
Page 108 and 109: Current Landfill Gas Power Plants (
Page 116 and 117: New Plants Megawatts 35 30 25 20 15
Page 118 and 119: Current Municipal Solid Waste Power
Page 120 and 121: Green Pricing Programs, which allow
Page 122 and 123: Section: BIOPOWER Coal Displacement
Page 124 and 125: Section: BIOPOWER Number of Home El
Page 126 and 127: Biorefineries Overview As a petrole
Page 128 and 129: Below are nineteen projects relevan
Page 132 and 133: SECTION: BIOREFINERIES Integrated B
Page 134 and 135: FEEDSTOCKS Contents Data Type Updat
Page 136 and 137: Pellet and Cordwood Appliance Shipm
Page 138 and 139: Year Planted a Harvested 1,000 Acre
Page 140 and 141: Item Gross value of production 2009
Page 142 and 143: The figure below shows that corn us
Page 144 and 145: Overall, the price for corn has bee
Page 146 and 147: Production of sufficient quantities
Page 148 and 149: Due largely to increased ethanol de
Page 150 and 151: Production of food for domestic liv
Page 152 and 153: These data show that government sub
Page 154 and 155: 2007 2008 2009 2007 2008 2009 2007
Page 156 and 157: Year Area Planted Harvested Section
Page 160 and 161: The price for sorghum declined from
Page 162 and 163: Sorghum is used for ethanol product
Page 164 and 165: Item 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/1
Page 166 and 167: Planted a Year harvested Marketing
Page 168 and 169: Supply Section: FEEDSTOCKS Wheat: S
Page 172 and 173: Camelina can be grown under margina
Page 174 and 175: 2007 2008 2009 b 2007 2008 2009 b 2
Page 176 and 177: USDA's 2008 soybean baseline projec
Page 178 and 179: Year Area Planted Section: FEEDSTOC
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In 2006, soybean stocks and product
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Soybean production area is similar
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Using algae as a feedstock for biof
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Logging residues are the unused por
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Forest residue thinnings are the ma
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The Forest Service's State and Priv
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The map below showing feedlot capac
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Although the mill residues shown in
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Shipments of cordwood appliances ha
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Construction and demolition produce
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Appendix A - Conversions Contents D
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Section: Appendix A Heat Content Ra
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The Effect of Moisture on Heating V
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Measured Moisture, Elements, and Hi
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List and Definition of Symbols Symb
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Section: Appendix A Estimation of B
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Section: Appendix A Stand Level Bio
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The conversions in this table are o
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Section: Appendix A Estimating Tons
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Mass Section: Appendix A Mass Units
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Capacity and Volume 1 U.S. gallon (
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FROM: MJ J k W h Btu IT cal IT mega
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Section: Appendix A Alternative Mea
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Section: Appendix A SI Prefixes and
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Section: Appendix A Cost per Unit C
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Bioenergy Feedstocks Liquid Biofuel
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Bioenergy Feedstocks Liquid Biofuel
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Avoided costs - An investment guide
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Bulk density - Weight per unit of v
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harvested and cropland left idle al
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Feller-buncher - A self-propelled m
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Gasifier - A device for converting
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Horsepower - (electrical horsepower
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Moisture content - (MC) The weight
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Photosynthesis - Process by which c
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Reserve margin - The amount by whic
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Sustainable - An ecosystem conditio
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Waste streams - Unused solid or liq
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