DANISH EMISSION INVENTORIES FOR ROAD TRANSPORT ...

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56 No. No. No. 16000 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 20000 18000 16000 14000 12000 10000 from 2-stroke to 4-stroke gasoline engines is based on a German non-road study (IFEU, 2004). Recreational craft (diesel) Stock 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 Motor boats 26 ft) Recreational craft (4-stroke gasoline) Stock 0 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 8000 6000 4000 2000 Other boats (< 20 ft) Yawls and cabin boats Sailing boats (< 26 ft) Speed boats (in board eng.) Speed boats (out board eng.) Recreational craft (2-stroke gasoline) Stock 0 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 Other boats (< 20 ft) Yawls and cabin boats Sailing boats (< 26 ft) Speed boats Water scooters kW kW kW 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Recreational craft (diesel) Engine size 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 Motor boats (27-34 ft) Motor boats (> 34 ft) Motor boats 26 ft) Recreational craft (4-stroke gasoline) Engine size 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 Other boats (< 20 ft) Yawls and cabin boats Sailing boats (< 26 ft) Speed boats (in board eng.) Recreational craft (2-stroke gasoline) Engine size 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 Other boats (< 20 ft) Yawls and cabin boats Sailing boats (< 26 ft) Speed boats Water scooters Figure 5.10 1985-2010 Stock and engine size development for recreational craft. 5.1.3 National sea transport A new methodology is used to estimate the fuel consumption figures for national sea transport, based on fleet activity estimates for regional ferries, local ferries and other national sea transport (Winther, 2008). Table 5.1 lists the most important domestic ferry routes in Denmark in the period 1990-2010. For these ferry routes and the years 1990-2005, the following detailed traffic and technical data have been gathered by Winther (2008): Ferry name, year of service, engine size (MCR), engine type, fuel type, average load factor, auxiliary engine size and sailing time (single trip). For 2006-2010, the above mentioned traffic and technical data for specific ferries have been provided by Kristensen (2011) in the case of Mols-Linien (Sjællands Odde-Ebeltoft, Sjællands Odde-Århus, Kalundborg-Århus), by Hjortberg (2011) for Bornholmstrafikken (Køge-Rønne) and by Simonsen (2011) for Langelandstrafikken A/S (Tårs-Spodsbjerg). For Esbjerg/Hanstholm/Hirtshals-Torshavn traffic and technical data have been provided by Dávastovu (2011).
Table 5.1 Domestic ferry routes comprised in the Danish inventory. Ferry service Service period Esbjerg-Torshavn 1990-1995, 2009+ Halsskov-Knudshoved 1990-1999 Hanstholm-Torshavn 1991-1992, 1999+ Hirtshals-Torshavn 2010 Hundested-Grenaa 1990-1996 Kalundborg-Juelsminde 1990-1996 Kalundborg-Samsø 1990+ Kalundborg-Århus 1990+ Korsør-Nyborg, DSB 1990-1997 Korsør-Nyborg, Vognmandsruten 1990-1999 København-Rønne 1990-2004 Køge-Rønne 2004+ Sjællands Odde-Ebeltoft 1990+ Sjællands Odde-Århus 1999+ Tårs-Spodsbjerg 1990+ Figure 5.11 Domestic regional ferry routes in Denmark (2010). The number of round trips pr ferry route from 1990 to 2010 is provided by Statistics Denmark (2011), see Figure 5.11 (Esbjerg/Hanstholm/Hirtshals- Torshavn not shown). The traffic data are also listed in Annex 12, together with different ferry specific technical and operational data. For each ferry, Annex 12 lists the relevant information as regards ferry route, name, year of service, engine size (MCR), engine type, fuel type, average load factor, auxiliary engine size and sailing time (single trip). There is a lack of historical traffic data for 1985-1989, and hence, data for 1990 is used for these years, to support the fuel consumption and emission calculations. 57
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DANISH EMISSION INVENTORIES FOR ROA
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AU DANISH EMISSION INVENTORIES FOR
Page 5 and 6:
Contents Preface 5 Summary 6 Method
Page 7 and 8: Preface DCE - Danish Centre for Env
Page 9 and 10: ook. For previous years the backgro
Page 11 and 12: Table 0.3 Emissions from other mobi
Page 13 and 14: Sammenfatning Denne rapport dokumen
Page 15 and 16: Tabel 0.2 Emissioner fra vejtrafik
Page 17 and 18: Usikkerheder I 2010 er CO2-emission
Page 19 and 20: 2 Total Danish emissions, internati
Page 21 and 22: The LRTAP Convention is a framework
Page 23 and 24: machinery (SNAP codes 0806 and 0807
Page 25 and 26: Table 4.1 Model vehicle classes and
Page 27 and 28: period. The increase is, however, m
Page 29 and 30: procedure until the test procedure
Page 31 and 32: Table 4.2 Overview of the existing
Page 33 and 34: statistics and 2) fuel specific CO2
Page 35 and 36: Table 4.3 Fuel-specific CO2 emissio
Page 37 and 38: The cold:hot ratios depend on the a
Page 39 and 40: DEA:NERI fuel ratio DEA:NERI fuel r
Page 41 and 42: g pr GJ g pr km g pr km g pr GJ 100
Page 43 and 44: g pr GJ g pr km g pr km g pr GJ 160
Page 45 and 46: g pr km g pr GJ g pr km g pr GJ CH
Page 47 and 48: 5 Input data and calculation method
Page 49 and 50: No. of international LTO's No. of d
Page 51 and 52: No. No. 30000 25000 20000 15000 100
Page 53 and 54: No. No. [No] Construction machinery
Page 55 and 56: 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20
Page 57: No. X 10 3 Table 5.9 Continued No.
Page 61 and 62: For the remaining part of the traff
Page 63 and 64: Table 5.3 Overview of the EU Emissi
Page 65 and 66: Table 5.6 Current certification lim
Page 67 and 68: Table 5.8 Current legislation in re
Page 69 and 70: Table 5.9 Fuel-specific emission fa
Page 71 and 72: If the great circle distance, y, is
Page 73 and 74: Where EEvap,fueling, = hydrocarbon
Page 75 and 76: numbers for some statistical years
Page 77 and 78: 6 Fuel consumption and emissions Ta
Page 79 and 80: PJ PJ 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
Page 81 and 82: PJ PJ PJ 3 2,5 2 1,5 1 0,5 0 1985 1
Page 83 and 84: PJ 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 1985
Page 85 and 86: Tonnes 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0
Page 87 and 88: Tonnes 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1990 199
Page 89 and 90: Tonnes emission-efficient EURO II,
Page 91 and 92: Tonnes 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500
Page 93 and 94: Tonnes trend in diesel fuel consump
Page 95 and 96: Tonnes Tonnes 3000,0 2500,0 2000,0
Page 97 and 98: the highest emissions in 2010, foll
Page 99 and 100: Cadmium (Cd) Cadmium (Cd) Chromium
Page 101 and 102: Tonnes Tonnes 250000 200000 150000
Page 103 and 104: Dioxin Dioxin Flouranthene Passenge
Page 105 and 106: Tonnes [kTonnes (CRF format). In An
Page 107 and 108: Table 7.2 Tier 2 Uncertainty factor
Page 109 and 110:
8 Future improvements Some improvem
Page 111 and 112:
IPCC, 2000: Good Practice Guidance
Page 113 and 114:
Wismann, T. 2001: Energiforbrug og
Page 115 and 116:
Annex1: Fleet data 1985-2010 for ro
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Continued Heavy Duty Vehicles Diese
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Continued Buses Diesel Urban Buses
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Continued Passenger Cars Diesel >2,
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Page 125 and 126:
Continued Motorcycles 4-stroke >750
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Page 129 and 130:
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Motorcycles 4-stroke 250 - 750 cm³
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Page 135 and 136:
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Annex 3: EU directive emission limi
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Annex 4: Basis emission factors (g
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Continued Passenger Cars Diesel 2,0
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Continued Motorcycles 4-stroke 250
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Continued Heavy Duty Veh. Diesel RT
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Continued Motorcycles 4-stroke 250
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Continued Light Duty Vehicles 1992
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Continued Mopeds 1986 1,095 1,095 8
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Continued Passenger Cars 2004 0,871
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Continued Buses 2000 0,867 0,647 0,
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Annex 8: Fuel consumption (GJ) and
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Continued Heavy Duty Vehicles 2002
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Continued Motorcycles 1996 0,6 1 93
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Annex 9: COPERT IV:DEA statistics f
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ASJ Shorts 360 300 L2T DA30 RJ 100
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LTO no. per representative aircraft
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Domestic Other airports Reims F406
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No. of flights per representative a
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LTO fuel consumption and emission f
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Other airports Dash8 400 78,842 3,4
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2010 Copenhagen International Beech
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2010 Other Airports International S
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Basis factors for 4-stroke gasoline
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Fuel consumption and emission facto
Page 195 and 196:
Deterioration factors for gasoline
Page 197 and 198:
Operational data for construction m
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Stock data for diesel tractors 1985
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37 Stage II 23 53 162 324 330 340 3
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Stock data for harvesters 1985-2010
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Continued 90
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Stock data for fork lifts 1985-2010
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Stock data for construction machine
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Continued Wheel loaders (0-5 tonnes
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Stock data for machine pools 1985-2
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Continued 0809 Trimmers (private) S
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Continued 0811 Lawn movers (profess
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Engine sizes (kW) for recreational
Page 221 and 222:
Ferry data: Service, name, engine y
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Continued Sjællands Odde-Ebeltoft
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Continued Kalundborg-Århus KONG FR
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Ferry data: Load factor (% MCR). Fe
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Sjællands Odde-Ebeltoft MIE MOLS 8
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Continued Kalundborg-Århus KONG FR
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Annex 13 Fuel consumption and emiss
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Continued 1995 7.49 7.86 8.72 2.34
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S-%, SO2 and PM emission factors (g
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Annex 14: Fuel sales figures from D
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- kerosene 7 2 9 5 12 26 9 5 4 3 4
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- gasoline 396 400 403 404 404 393
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Annex 15: Emission factors and tota
Page 247 and 248:
2009 emission factors for CO2, CH4,
Page 249 and 250:
1990 emissions for CO2, CH4, N2O, S
Page 251 and 252:
2009 emissions for CO2, CH4, N2O, S
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Annex 16: Fuel consumption and emis
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Continued CH4 Civil Aviation (1A3a)
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Continued PM10 Comm./Inst. (1A4a) [
Page 259 and 260:
Continued Mercury Navigation int. (
Page 261 and 262:
Continued Benzo(b) flouranthene Roa
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Emissions 2000-2010 pol_name IPCC I
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Continued N2O Railways (1A3c) [tonn
Page 267 and 268:
Continued Cadmium Ag./for./fish. (1
Page 269 and 270:
Continued Zinc Industry-Other (1A2f
Page 271 and 272:
Continued Benzo(g,h,i) perylene Nav
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Uncertainty estimation, CH4 Gas Bas
Page 275 and 276:
Uncertainty estimation, SO2. Gas Ba
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Uncertainty estimation, NH3. Gas Ba
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Uncertainty estimation, Chromium. G
Page 281 and 282:
Uncertainty estimation, Lead. Gas B
Page 283 and 284:
Uncertainty estimation, Flouranthen
Page 285 and 286:
Uncertainty estimation, Benzo(g,h,i
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DANISH EMISSION INVENTORIES FOR ROAD TRANSPORT ...

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