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Socioeconomic Profile Findings Table 21: Ownership of Various Assets by Household Socioeconomic Status Cattle ownership % within HH socio economic status None One Two Three Four Five and more N HH socio economic status Non vulnerable 2 3 Most vulnerable 39.5% 54.1% 72.0% 85.6% 7.6% 14.2% 12.2% 7.6% 16.3% 16.3% 11.3% 5.1% 11.9% 6.9% 2.0% 1.6% 11.5% 4.4% 1.8% .0% 13.3% 4.2% .7% .0% 414 993 858 396 Bicycle ownership % within HH socio economic status Non Most vulnerable 2 3 vulnerable None 44.8% 74.8% 85.7% 97.0% One Two Three HH socio economic status 48.1% 23.7% 14.1% 3.0% 6.8% 1.3% .2% .4% .3% 49 Goat & Sheep ownership % within HH socio economic status HH socio economic status Non Most vulnerable 2 3 vulnerable None 61.3% 67.3% 76.9% 88.4% One 12.4% 12.2% 10.8% 5.4% Two 8.7% 9.1% 6.7% 2.9% Three 7.4% 4.7% 3.9% 2.0% Four 5.1% 3.1% .7% 1.3% Five and more 5.1% 3.6% 1.0% .0% Poultry ownership % within HH socio economic status None 1 to 3 4 to 6 7 to 10 11 to 15 16 to 20 20 and more HH socio economic status Non Most Vulnerable 2 3 vulnerable 13.2% 22.2% 33.4% 46.8% 10.5% 20.8% 23.1% 26.6% 15.4% 18.5% 17.6% 14.2% 16.7% 15.3% 13.5% 6.2% 14.8% 11.5% 7.9% 2.5% 11.0% 5.9% 2.0% 2.5% 18.6% 5.9% 2.6% 1.1% Land Ownership: The most essential productive asset in rural Bangladesh is land. Only a little more than four of every 10 rural household own agricultural land. Vulnerable and invisible poor households are overwhelmingly functionally landless in the study area. More than nine out of every 10 invisible poor households do not own any agricultural land; more than one-fourth of the households do not even own any homestead land; and virtually no invisible poor household owns any pond or any other types of land. Khas land, theoretically accessible to poor households for productive purposes, is inevitably controlled by rural elites, the large landowners or non-vulnerable households who maintain the economic power to influence local policy – this story was repeated in many community focus group discussions. Land ownership patterns presented in Table 22 and figure 14 suggest, that size of land increases with socioeconomic status of the households. The mean agricultural land holding for invisible poor households is 37 decimals, whereas non-vulnerable households own 265 decimals of agricultural land. Mean homestead area for invisible poor households is approximately six decimals as opposed to 34 decimals of homestead land owned by nonvulnerable households. Land availability for other activities, such as for grazing cattle, is
Socioeconomic Profiles of WFP Operational Areas and Beneficiaries difficult in all of the zones. Community groups complained that land was insufficient to support livestock, which are basically insurance against shocks and hazards. Table 22: Proportion of Households Owning Land Household Socioeconomic Status Non vulnerable 2 3 50 Most vulnerable Total Agricultural land 86.59% 51.71% 25.33% 9.10% 41.89% Homestead land 96.66% 92.49% 88.43% 73.12% 88.71% N 414 993 858 396 2661 WFP Priority Zone CHT Coastal Drought N/W Char Haor Total Agricultural land 53.34% 36.28% 41.40% 47.28% 39.18% 39.86% 41.89% Homestead land 77.45% 80.72% 89.14% 93.66% 86.71% 87.61% 88.71% N 448 441 442 442 444 444 2661 Figure 14: Land Ownership by Socioeconomic class % of Households Own 120% 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 265 Land Ownership Mean land area (in decimal) is shown on the top of the bar 34 21 102 13 13 Non Vulnerable On-the-edge Vulnerable Invisible Poor Households Socioeconomic Class Ag. Land Homestead Pond Approximately 80 percent of female-headed households do not own any agricultural land. More than a quarter of female-headed households also do not own any homestead land; in contrast about 10 percent of male-headed households have no homestead land. Femaleheaded households have much smaller areas of land available for agriculture and homestead activities as well (139 decimal and nine decimals respectively) than have male-headed households (145 decimals and 14 decimals respectively). 63 7 9 38 6 4
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RURAL BANGLADESH SOCIO-ECONOMIC PRO
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This socioeconomic
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Bibliography 97-99 TABLES & FIGURES
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Table 51 Dietary Diversity by House
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PRA Participatory Rural Appraisal P
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♦ ♦ ♦ Household survey of 2,7
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households, who farmed on seven tim
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Water & Sanitation: Up to 97% of ru
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