8.3.17.0 - Force10 Networks

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www.dell.com | support.dell.com Figure 9-1. IGMP Version 2 Packet Format Version (4) IHL TOS (0xc0) Preamble Start Frame Delimiter Total Length Flags Frag Offset Joining a Multicast Group There are two ways that a host may join a multicast group: it may respond to a general query from its querier, or it may send an unsolicited report to its querier. • Responding to an IGMP Query • One router on a subnet is elected as the querier. The querier periodically multicasts (to all-multicast-systems address 224.0.0.1) a general query to all hosts on the subnet. • A host that wants to join a multicast group responds with an IGMP membership report that contains the multicast address of the group it wants to join (the packet is addressed to the same group). If multiple hosts want to join the same multicast group, only the report from the first host to respond reaches the querier, and the remaining hosts suppress their responses (for how the delay timer mechanism works, refer to IGMP Snooping). • The querier receives the report for a group and adds the group to the list of multicast groups associated with its outgoing port to the subnet. Multicast traffic for the group is then forwarded to that subnet. • Sending an Unsolicited IGMP Report • A host does not have to wait for a general query to join a group. It may send an unsolicited IGMP membership report, also called an IGMP Join message, to the querier. Leaving a Multicast Group • A host sends a membership report of type 0x17 (IGMP Leave message) to the all routers multicast address 224.0.0.2 when it no longer cares about multicast traffic for a particular group. • The querier sends a group-specific query to determine whether there are any remaining hosts in the group. There must be at least one receiver in a group on a subnet for a router to forward multicast traffic for that group to the subnet. • Any remaining hosts respond to the query according to the delay timer mechanism (refer to IGMP Snooping). If no hosts respond (because there are none remaining in the group), the querier waits a specified period and sends another query. If it still receives no response, the querier removes the group from the list associated with forwarding port and stops forwarding traffic for that group to the subnet. 108 | Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) Destination MAC Source MAC Ethernet Type IP Packet Padding TTL (1) Protocol (2) Header Checksum Src IP Addr Dest IP Addr Options (Router Alert) FCS Padding Type Max. Response Time Code: 0x11: Membership Query 0x12: IGMP version 1 Membership Report 0x16: IGMP version 2 Membership Report 0x17: IGMP Leave Group Checksum 8 bits 16 bits IGMP Packet Group Address May be zero and ignored by hosts for general queries or contain a group address for group-specific queries fnC0069mp
IGMP Version 3 Conceptually, IGMP version 3 behaves the same as version 2. However, there are differences: • Version 3 adds the ability to filter by multicast source, which helps the multicast routing protocols avoid forwarding traffic to subnets where there are no interested receivers. • To enable filtering, routers must keep track of more state information, that is, the list of sources that must be filtered. An additional query type, the group-and-source-specific query, keeps track of state changes, while the group-specific and general queries still refresh existing state. • Reporting is more efficient and robust. Hosts do not suppress query responses (non-suppression helps track state and enables the immediate-leave and IGMP snooping features), state-change reports are retransmitted to insure delivery, and a single membership report bundles multiple statements from a single host, rather than sending an individual packet for each statement. To accommodate these protocol enhancements, the IGMP version 3 packet structure is different from version 2. Queries (Figure 9-2) are still sent to the all-systems address 224.0.0.1, but reports (Figure 9-3) are sent to all the IGMP version 3-capable multicast routers address 244.0.0.22. Figure 9-2. IGMP version 3 Membership Query Packet Format Type (0x11) Code: 0x11: Membership Query Max. Response Code Maximum Response Time derived from this value Checksum Group Address Reserved S Querier Robustness Value (2) Bit flag that when set to 1 suppresses router query response timer updates Number of times that a router or receiver transmits a query or report to insure that it is received Figure 9-3. IGMP version 3 Membership Report Packet Format Version (4) IHL TOS (0xc0) Total Length Flags Frag Offset TTL Protocol Header (1) (2) Checksum Querier's Query Interval Code Query Interval derived from this value Type Reserved Checksum Reserved Number of Group Records 0x12: IGMP version 1 Membership Report 0x16: IGMP version 2 Membership Report 0x17: IGMP Leave Group 0x22: IGMP version 3 Membership Report Src IP Addr Dest IP Addr (224.0.0.22) Record Type Options (Router Alert) Auxiliary Data Length (0) Length of Auxiliary Data field Number of Sources Number of source addresses to be filtered Group Record 1 Value used by IGMP to calculate multicast reception state Number of Sources Range: 1-6 Number of source addresses Code: 1: Current state is Include to be filtered 2: Current state is Exclude 3: State change to Include 4: State change to Exclude 5: Allow new sources and no state change 6: Block old sources and no state change Source Addresses Source addresses to be filtered Padding IGMP Packet Group Record 2 Group Record N Multicast Address Group address to which the group record pertains Source Addresses Source addresses to be filtered Auxiliary Data None defined in RFC 3376 fnC0070mp fnC0071mp Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) | 109
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Dell PowerEdge Configuration Guide
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October 2012 | iii
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1 About this Guide . . . . . . . .
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Data Center Bridging Exchange Proto
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Displaying VLAN Membership . . . .
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Read Managed Object Values . . . .
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Troubleshooting Packet Loss . . . .
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About this Guide Objectives 1 This
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Before You Start Default Settings 2
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DCB Support DCB enhancements for da
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The untagged VLAN of a server-facin
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Configuration Fundamentals 3 The De
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Navigating CLI Modes The FTOS promp
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Figure 3-5. Undoing a command with
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Table 3-2. Short-Cut Keys and their
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Multiple Users in Configuration Mod
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Getting Started This chapter contai
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Uplink Ports Ports 33 to 56 are ext
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Step Task (continued) Note: Termina
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Figure 4-4. Completed Boot Process
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Figure 4-6. Completed Boot Process
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Access the Aggregator Remotely Conf
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Dell Force10 recommends using the e
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Figure 4-10 shows an example of usi
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To view the contents of a file, fol
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Figure 4-14. Alternative Storage Lo
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Aggregator Management This chapter
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Changing System Logging Settings Yo
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Configuring a UNIX Logging Facility
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Enabling the FTP Server To enable t
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Recovering from a Forgotten Passwor
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Figure 5-5. Recovering from a Faile
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Data Center Bridging (DCB) 6 On an
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Figure 6-1. Priority-Based Flow Con
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Data Center Bridging Exchange Proto
Page 71 and 72: QoS dot1p Traffic Classification an
Page 73 and 74: How Enhanced Transmission Selection
Page 75 and 76: DCB Policies in a Switch Stack A DC
Page 77 and 78: Note: On a DCBX port, application p
Page 79 and 80: Auto-Detection of the DCBX Version
Page 81 and 82: DCBX Error Messages An error in DCB
Page 83 and 84: Figure 6-7. show interfaces pfc sum
Page 85 and 86: Table 6-3. show interface pfc summa
Page 87 and 88: Table 6-4. show interface ets detai
Page 89 and 90: Figure 6-12. show interface dcbx de
Page 91 and 92: Example: PFC and ETS Operation This
Page 93 and 94: Table 6-8. Example: priority group-
Page 95 and 96: Skippy812 Dynamic Host Configuratio
Page 97 and 98: Assigning an IP Address Using DHCP
Page 99 and 100: Releasing and Renewing DHCP-based I
Page 101 and 102: Figure 7-5. DHCP Client: Debug Mess
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Page 105 and 106: FIP Snooping 8 FIP snooping is auto
Page 107 and 108: Figure 8-1. FIP discovery and login
Page 109 and 110: The following sections describe how
Page 111 and 112: FIP Snooping Prerequisites On an Ag
Page 113 and 114: Figure 8-3. show fip-snooping sessi
Page 115 and 116: Figure 8-7. show fip-snooping stati
Page 117 and 118: Table 8-5. show fip-snooping statis
Page 119 and 120: FIP Snooping Example Figure 8-11 sh
Page 121: Internet Group Management Protocol
Page 125 and 126: Leaving and Staying in Groups Figur
Page 127 and 128: Figure 9-6. show ip igmp groups Com
Page 129 and 130: Interfaces 10 This chapter describe
Page 131 and 132: Viewing Interface Information You c
Page 133 and 134: Disabling and Re-enabling a Physica
Page 135 and 136: The Aggregator supports the managem
Page 137 and 138: Configuring a Static Route for a Ma
Page 139 and 140: Port-Based VLANs Port-based VLANs a
Page 141 and 142: Displaying VLAN Membership To view
Page 143 and 144: Adding an Interface to an Untagged
Page 145 and 146: Port channels can contain a mix of
Page 147 and 148: Figure 10-12. show interface port-c
Page 149 and 150: Create a Multiple-Range Figure 10-1
Page 151 and 152: Maintenance Using TDR The time doma
Page 153 and 154: MTU Size The Aggregator auto-config
Page 155 and 156: Figure 10-19. show interfaces statu
Page 157 and 158: Figure 10-21 shows the auto-negotia
Page 159 and 160: Clearing Interface Counters The cou
Page 161 and 162: iSCSI Optimization 11 An Aggregator
Page 163 and 164: If no iSCSI traffic is detected for
Page 165 and 166: Displaying iSCSI Optimization Infor
Page 167 and 168: Link Aggregation The Aggregator aut
Page 169 and 170: LACP Example Figure 12-1 shows an e
Page 171 and 172: Figure 12-3. show lacp 128 Command
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Figure 12-5. show interfaces port-c
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Layer 2 The Aggregator supports CLI
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Figure 13-1. Redundant NICs with NI
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Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP
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Organizationally Specific TLVs Orga
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TIA Organizationally Specific TLVs
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LLDP-MED Network Policies TLV A net
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LLDP Operation On an Aggregator, LL
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Figure 14-10. Viewing All Informati
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Debugging LLDP The debug lldp comma
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Table 14-8. LLDP System MIB Objects
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Table 14-10. LLDP-MED System MIB Ob
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Port Monitoring 15 The Aggregator s
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Figure 15-2 shows ports 0/25 and 0/
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In Figure 15-4, the host and server
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16 Simple Network Management Protoc
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Dell Force10 supports RFC 4001, Tex
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Figure 16-6 shows the output for an
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Use dot3aCurAggFdbTable to fetch th
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Monitor Port-channels To check the
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The status of the MIBS is as follow
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Stacking Overview 17 An Aggregator
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Stack Master Election The stack ele
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Stacking Port Numbers By default, e
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Cabling Procedure The following cab
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Resetting a Unit on a Stack Use the
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Figure 17-19. show system Command E
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Troubleshooting a Switch Stack Trou
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Figure 17-27. show hardware stack-u
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Stack Unit in Card-Problem State Du
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Upgrading a Single Stack Unit Upgra
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Broadcast Storm Control 18 On the A
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System Time and Date 19 The Aggrega
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Setting the Time Zone Universal tim
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Setting Recurring Daylight Saving T
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Uplink Failure Detection (UFD) Upli
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Figure 20-2. Uplink Failure Detecti
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Show Command Syntax Description sho
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Debugging UFD on an Interface To en
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Upgrade Procedures 21 To view the r
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Debugging and Diagnostics The chapt
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Broadcast, unknown multicast, and D
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Auto-configured VLANs do not exist
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Figure 22-2. show system stack-unit
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Figure 22-3. Taking a Stack Unit Of
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Table 22-2. show hardware Commands
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Recognize an Over-Temperature Condi
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The simple network management proto
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Deciding to Tune Buffers Dell Force
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Figure 22-11. Displaying Buffer Pro
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Sample Buffer Profile Configuration
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Figure 22-14. Displaying Buffer Sta
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Displaying Stack Port Statistics Th
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Figure 22-19. Mini application core
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Standards Compliance This chapter c
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General IPv4 Protocols RFC# Full Na
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Network Management (continued) RFC#
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