MODULE TWO: COUNSELLING - FHI 360 Center for Global Health ...

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PREJUDICE A prejudice is a preconceived opinion, bias or pre-judgement of a person or group of people. It is often caused by a lack of information. For this reason, the more we know about something, the less prejudiced we are towards it. Prejudice often occurs when a person needs some security for himself/herself. A person may feel more secure by rejecting others through prejudice. Prejudice can take many forms: • Ethnic or racial (Ex: Prejudice against different tribal groups) • Socio-economic (Ex: Prejudice against poor people or rich people) • Cultural – Religious (Ex: Prejudice against Muslims) • Behavioural (Ex: Prejudice against people with HIV or against prostitutes) • Age ( Ex. Prejudice against young ) • Gender ( Ex. Prejudice against women or men) Prejudices often block understanding and acceptance of others, and they can affect the way that counsellors and clients interact. Counsellors may have prejudices about their clients and vice versa. As a result, they may not be able to have open and honest discussions about sensitive issues. It is important for counsellors to do a self-examination of their own prejudices regarding the cultures that they interact with. This will help them to be more objective in their reactions and responses. YEF HIV/AIDS Hotline counsellors may experience prejudice in different ways, either directly or indirectly. For example: • Callers might be prejudiced towards them • They might be prejudiced towards callers • Callers might tell them about experiences with prejudice Prejudices are hard to change, because they may have been instilled in a person for many years. The first step to combating prejudice is recognising or acknowledging it. Once it is acknowledged, prejudice can be erased by: • Information about the person or group that a person is prejudiced towards • Personal contact with the person or group that a person is prejudiced towards Sometimes legislation is necessary in order to combat prejudice. For example, in the USA affirmative action laws help to combat racial prejudice. Are there any laws in Nigeria to avoid Religious discrimination? Session 2 – Pg.8
SESSION 3 Counselling Process CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES Participants need to define counselling and explore the meaning of being a good counsellor. This session reviews The AIDS Support Organization (TASO) counseling process and provides an overview of basic telephone counselling skills TIME: 90 MINUTES OBJECTIVES: By the end of this session, participants will have: 1. Defined counselling and how it fits into a “holistic” approach to HIV/AIDS 2. Identified qualities of a good counsellor 3. Reviewed the TASO counselling process SESSION NOTES COUNSELLING Definition of counselling *Counselling is a client-centred, interactive communication process in which oneperson helps others make free, informed decisions about their personal behaviour and provides support to them to act on their decisions 1 . * Counselling can be defined as a process of helping a client explore the nature of a problem so they can determine what to do, without direction from the counsellor. *Counselling can take place either individually or in a group. Hotline counsellors do individual, or one-on-one counselling. *Counselling is not simply providing information or simply telling a person what to do. 1 Smith, W.A. et al (Eds). 1993. A World Against AIDS : Communication for Behavior Change. Washington, DC : The Academy for Educational Development. Session 3 – Pg. 1
Page 1 and 2: MODULE TWO: COUNSELLING
Page 3 and 4: • Discussed special issues relati
Page 5 and 6: HOTLINES IN THE CONTEXT OF HIV/AIDS
Page 7 and 8: SESSION 2 Self-Awareness CONTEXT AN
Page 9 and 10: VALUES AND ATTITUDES REGARDING HIV/
Page 11 and 12: HANDOUT Self-Awareness Attitudes An
Page 13: HANDOUT Attitudes Exploration Read
Page 17 and 18: with the HIV/AIDS, both in terms of
Page 19 and 20: Following is a summary of the TASO
Page 21 and 22: COUNSELING SELF-ASSESSMENT EVALUATI
Page 23 and 24: SESSION 4 Counselling Skills CONTEX
Page 25 and 26: “hoax clients”. In other words,
Page 27 and 28: •Questioning and Probing Asking q
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Page 31 and 32: done in a way that does not make th
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Page 35 and 36: 5. You are a man in your 30s who wa
Page 37 and 38: I have knowledge about issues relev
Page 39 and 40: #1 TO TEST OR NOT TO TEST? The aim
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Page 45 and 46: For positive results: •Treatment
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Page 51 and 52: •A caller is talking non-stop. Sh
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Page 57 and 58: Special Guidelines 1 •Suicide If
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• Women are more susceptible to S
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Feelings and Emotions of HIV-positi
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3. Explore options for self-disclos
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ARE YOUNG PEOPLE DIFFERENT TODAY? 2
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Grieving Process of Family and Frie
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•There may be considerable anger,
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3. Help the caller to express his/h
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CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF STRESS The ai
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•Talk to others Share your feelin
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BURNOUT The aim of this activity is
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Dealing with Burnout Burnout can be
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The counsellors also need to have a
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HANDOUT HIV/AIDS Information Post-T
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14. What is one reason that women a
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Guidelines for Giving Feedback Part
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8. A 21-year old boy calls the YEF
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Uses Encouragers and praise to fost
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6. Which topics made you uncomforta
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GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT ACTION NIGER
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RIGHTS TION CENTRE CENTRE FOR THE R
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LAGOS STATE GENRAL HOSPITAL org TEL
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HEALTH MATTERS INC. PLANNED PARENTH
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ORGANIZATION ADDRESS CONTACT PERSON
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P.O.BOX 742 BAYELSA STATE. 7. BENUE
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WOMEN AND AIDS NIGERIA CHAPTER (SWA
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SOCIETY FOR FAMILY HEALTH GOMBE STA
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Society for Women and AIDS in Niger
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FEDERATION OF MUSLIM WOMEN ASSOCIAT
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CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION OF NIGERIA Ch
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