MODULE TWO: COUNSELLING - FHI 360 Center for Global Health ...

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SESSION 8 Counselling Adolescents CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES This session aims to review information on adolescents and adolescents sexual behaviour as the YEF Hotline counsellors will be responding to calls from this age group. This session also highlight the impact of HIV/AIDS on adolescents, especially on females who are an especially vulnerable population and their special counselling needs regarding HIV/AIDS. OBJECTIVES: By the end of this session, participants will have: 1. Described the characteristics of adolescents 2. Identified the factors that influence adolescent’s sexual behaviour. 3. Explored myths and rumours surrounding maturity and development 4. Reviewed the consequences of adolescents sexual behaviour 5. Explored women’s vulnerability to HIV/AIDS 6. Identified special counselling needs of women. SESSION NOTES CHARACTERISTICS THAT DESCRIBE ADOLESCENTS Description of adolescence: a period of transition physically, psychologically and socially for both males and females between childhood and adulthood. Identify age; gender differences etc of adolescence. Physical changes of adolescence (puberty) GIRLS BOYS Menstruation Deepening of voice Enlargement of breasts Enlargement of sex organs Production of ova Production of sperm Growth of pubic hair Growth of pubic hair Enlargement of sex organs Growth of facial hair Erect penis in morning Growth in height Growth in height Adolescent development is natural, evolving and complex and it does not occur in isolation from family, community and country. Psycho-Social Changes of Adolescence Session 8-Pg.1
Anxiety about bodily changes (Am I normal?) Feelings about self (Self Esteem) Feelings about others (same sex peers, opposite sex peers, parents of opposite sex, siblings of opposite sex) Anxieties about behaviour (sexual behaviour with same sex and sexual behaviour with opposite sex). FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE ADOLESCENTS SEXUAL BEHAVIOR As a result of the physical and emotional changes associated with adolescence, many difficulties arise. These difficulties also differ from one culture to another. Besides the impact of the changes in each adolescent, one can also consider anxieties that adults may have regarding the new potential for pregnancy which comes with the development of the reproductive systems and the risk of STIs and HIV from behavioral changes. Recent data indicates that up to 60 per cent of new HIV infections are among 15 –24 year olds, with females outnumbering males by a ratio of two to one. Young people’s maturation process is influenced by their surroundings and affected by relationships with key people such as parents, teachers and peers. Several factors influence sexual behavior during the adolescent years. a) Peer group influence b) Social Norms c) Religion and traditions d) Gender e) Socioeconomic factors Peer Groups Peer groups increase in importance and influence during adolescence, as friends are a powerful source of information and shape the way young people behave. Social influence theories suggest that because group and individual norms and attitudes shape behavior, it is helpful for people to identify social pressures and then develop individual and group values that support health and appropriate behaviors. Social Norms As young people enter puberty, their interest in sex increases. At the same time they experience strong, often conflicting emotions and social pressures as they move away from childhood dependence towards more independent adulthood. In many cases current social norms reward boys but punish girls for having sex; mass media glamorizes irresponsible sex but reject young people’s interest in sexuality. Session 8-Pg.2
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MODULE TWO: COUNSELLING
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• Discussed special issues relati
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HOTLINES IN THE CONTEXT OF HIV/AIDS
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SESSION 2 Self-Awareness CONTEXT AN
Page 9 and 10: VALUES AND ATTITUDES REGARDING HIV/
Page 11 and 12: HANDOUT Self-Awareness Attitudes An
Page 13 and 14: HANDOUT Attitudes Exploration Read
Page 15 and 16: SESSION 3 Counselling Process CONTE
Page 17 and 18: with the HIV/AIDS, both in terms of
Page 19 and 20: Following is a summary of the TASO
Page 21 and 22: COUNSELING SELF-ASSESSMENT EVALUATI
Page 23 and 24: SESSION 4 Counselling Skills CONTEX
Page 25 and 26: “hoax clients”. In other words,
Page 27 and 28: •Questioning and Probing Asking q
Page 29 and 30: ___________________________________
Page 31 and 32: done in a way that does not make th
Page 33 and 34: SESSION 5 Practice-Counselling Proc
Page 35 and 36: 5. You are a man in your 30s who wa
Page 37 and 38: I have knowledge about issues relev
Page 39 and 40: #1 TO TEST OR NOT TO TEST? The aim
Page 41 and 42: If a person did engage in a risk be
Page 43 and 44: A negative result can mean one of t
Page 45 and 46: For positive results: •Treatment
Page 47 and 48: OBSERVATION CHECKLIST: INTEGRATED S
Page 49 and 50: Session 6 - Pg. 12
Page 51 and 52: •A caller is talking non-stop. Sh
Page 53 and 54: they feel frustrated with the conve
Page 55 and 56: • Stay centred on the client. Rem
Page 57 and 58: Special Guidelines 1 •Suicide If
Page 59: DIFFICULT MOMENTS ROLE-PLAY Followi
Page 63 and 64: ___________________________________
Page 65 and 66: • Women are more susceptible to S
Page 67 and 68: Feelings and Emotions of HIV-positi
Page 69 and 70: 3. Explore options for self-disclos
Page 71 and 72: ARE YOUNG PEOPLE DIFFERENT TODAY? 2
Page 73 and 74: Grieving Process of Family and Frie
Page 75 and 76: •There may be considerable anger,
Page 77 and 78: 3. Help the caller to express his/h
Page 79 and 80: CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF STRESS The ai
Page 81 and 82: •Talk to others Share your feelin
Page 83 and 84: BURNOUT The aim of this activity is
Page 85 and 86: Dealing with Burnout Burnout can be
Page 87 and 88: The counsellors also need to have a
Page 89 and 90: HANDOUT HIV/AIDS Information Post-T
Page 91 and 92: 14. What is one reason that women a
Page 93 and 94: Guidelines for Giving Feedback Part
Page 95 and 96: 8. A 21-year old boy calls the YEF
Page 97 and 98: Uses Encouragers and praise to fost
Page 99 and 100: 6. Which topics made you uncomforta
Page 101 and 102: GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT ACTION NIGER
Page 103 and 104: RIGHTS TION CENTRE CENTRE FOR THE R
Page 105 and 106: LAGOS STATE GENRAL HOSPITAL org TEL
Page 107 and 108: HEALTH MATTERS INC. PLANNED PARENTH
Page 109 and 110: ORGANIZATION ADDRESS CONTACT PERSON
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P.O.BOX 742 BAYELSA STATE. 7. BENUE
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WOMEN AND AIDS NIGERIA CHAPTER (SWA
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SOCIETY FOR FAMILY HEALTH GOMBE STA
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Society for Women and AIDS in Niger
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FEDERATION OF MUSLIM WOMEN ASSOCIAT
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CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION OF NIGERIA Ch
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MODULE TWO: COUNSELLING - FHI 360 Center for Global Health ...

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