Strabismus - Fundamentals of Clinical Ophthalmology.pdf
Strabismus - Fundamentals of Clinical Ophthalmology.pdf
Strabismus - Fundamentals of Clinical Ophthalmology.pdf
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INDEX<br />
oculocutaneous albinism 43<br />
oculodigital reflex 58<br />
oculomotor apraxia 44, 45<br />
ophthalmoplegia<br />
congenital myasthenia 41<br />
internuclear 43<br />
neuromuscular 41<br />
ophthalmoplegic migraine 38<br />
opsoclonus 43<br />
optic chiasm glioma 34, 58<br />
optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) 11, 13<br />
assessment 61<br />
asymmetrical 31<br />
Ciancia syndrome 27<br />
congenital esotropia 25<br />
esotropia without fusion potential 31<br />
functions 12<br />
optokinetic tape 61<br />
orbital cellulitis 89<br />
overconvergence, near reflex and 4<br />
overcorrection 87–8<br />
parents, contribution to treatment 70–1<br />
paretic strabismus 37–41<br />
assessment 50, 66–7<br />
active force generation test 67<br />
forced duction test 50, 67<br />
head tilt tests 38, 39, 40, 50, 66<br />
ocular posture plots 66–7, 67<br />
Parks 3-step test 49–50, 66<br />
pointer test 66, 67<br />
saccade velocity 50<br />
treatment 79–81<br />
botulinum toxin 79<br />
case example 80<br />
children 80–1<br />
prisms 79<br />
surgery 79–80<br />
see also individual cranial nerves<br />
Parks 3-step test 49–50, 66<br />
parvocellular (P) pathway 7, 8, 9<br />
pattern deprivation amblyopia 5, 14, 23<br />
strabismic versus 71<br />
pendular nystagmus 37<br />
perinatal ischaemia, constant exotropia<br />
32, 32<br />
periodic alternating nystagmus 45<br />
phoria 65<br />
play, clinical examination 59<br />
plica displacement 90<br />
plication 83<br />
pointer test 66, 67<br />
pregnancy history 57<br />
premature infants<br />
internuclear ophthalmoplegia 43<br />
retinopathy <strong>of</strong> prematurity 58<br />
prisms<br />
4 D base out 62, 63, 63<br />
15 D base out 17, 64–5, 65<br />
deviation assessment using 68<br />
Fresnel 74, 74<br />
treatment using 79<br />
diplopia management 54<br />
sixth nerve palsy 74, 74<br />
pseudo-Brown syndrome 80<br />
pseudo exotropia 32–3<br />
pseudosquint 58, 58, 59<br />
pseudo-V movement pattern 5<br />
ptosis<br />
congenital fibrosis syndrome 41, 41, 42<br />
iatrogenic esotropia 31, 31<br />
third nerve palsy 38, 38, 80<br />
treatment 80<br />
pupils, examination 61<br />
rectus muscles<br />
actions 10, 10, 83–4, 84<br />
congenital absence 48, 48<br />
surgical recession 81, 82, 84<br />
complications 88–9<br />
reflex model <strong>of</strong> binocular vision 7–13<br />
refractive amblyopia 23<br />
diagnosis 72<br />
refractive error testing 61, 61<br />
restrictive strabismus 50–1, 79<br />
retina<br />
abnormality, amblyopia and 6<br />
detachment surgery 51<br />
retinopathy <strong>of</strong> prematurity 58<br />
visual processing 7–8<br />
retinal ganglion cells 8<br />
retinopathy <strong>of</strong> prematurity 58<br />
Rieger’s syndrome 48<br />
rod monochromatism 58<br />
saccade initiation failure (SIF) 44, 45<br />
saccades 11<br />
definition 12<br />
100