CHEM01200604004 Shri Sanyasinaidu Boddu - Homi Bhabha ...

exchange properties of the nanomaterials. For example Dong, et al. [279] have demonstrated
that when GdF 3 nanoparticles dispersed in water are exposed to excess of La 3+ ions, rapid ion
exchange of Gd 3+ from GdF 3 lattice by La 3+ ions in aqueous solution takes place, resulting in
the formation of LaF 3 nanoparticles and aqueous solution of Gd 3+ ions. It is observed that
lanthanide ions in the left of the periodic table (for example La 3+ ) can replace the ones from
the right (for example Gd 3+ ) present in a lattice. In a recent study [280] it is also observed
that rapid cation exchange takes place between Ce 3+ ions in CePO 4 host and Eu 3+ and Y 3+
ions in solution. Hence, in order to understand the potential of nanomaterials for separation
applications, it is proposed to carry out detailed ion exchange studies on phosphate based
nanomaterials synthesized in the present study.
It is also proposed to carry out work on electro-luminescence properties of the
nanomaterials like ZnGa 2 O 4 , CaWO 4 , Sb 2 O 3 , etc., after incorporating them in suitable
polymers. This will be helpful for the development of polymer based display devices. The
general approach used for electroluminescence devices is given in the Fig.118. It consists of
anode (generally ITO coated glass), hole injector, emissive layer and cathode. Electrons will
be injected from cathode while holes will be injected from anode. They will recombine in the
emissive layer which is nanoparticles incorporated polymer film.
Fig. 118. Schematic diagram of an electro-luminescent device.
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