CHEM01200604004 Shri Sanyasinaidu Boddu - Homi Bhabha ...

Rods, cylinders, wires and tubes are examples of one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures. Onedimensional
nanostructures of semiconductors and metal oxides exhibit unique optical
properties due to anisotropic shape [11]. Discs, ribbons and plates with polygon shapes
belong to two-dimensional (2D) nanostructures, [12].
Fig.2. Nanomaterials having different dimensions [12].
To explain the formation of nanomaterials with different shapes and
dimensions, one requires prior understanding of the mechanism involved in their
formation. However, for generalisation, there are no kinetic and mechanistic studies available
regarding the formation pathways of compositionally and geometrically well defined
nanocrystals. Recent studies revealed that factors like the reaction temperature and duration
of reaction, surfactants/ ligands used for capping and precursor concentrations play a major
role in deciding the shape and dimensions.
1.3 Synthesis of nanomaterials: During the past two decades, synthesis of nanostructured
materials by tailoring the atomic and/ or chemical structures on a nanometer scale has
become one of the most rapidly growing areas of material science. Synthesis of a desired
shaped material with the right length scale is as important as understanding its structure and
composition. Chemistry has played a pivotal role in developing synthetic strategies to prepare
controlled size and shaped materials required for different applications.
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