CHEM01200604005 A. K. Pathak - Homi Bhabha National Institute
CHEM01200604005 A. K. Pathak - Homi Bhabha National Institute
CHEM01200604005 A. K. Pathak - Homi Bhabha National Institute
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CHAPTER 4<br />
Solubility of Halogen Gases in Water<br />
4.1. Introduction<br />
Molecular cluster acts as an intermediate state between isolated gaseous molecule<br />
and condensed phase bulk system. It is well known that in solution (bulk) many<br />
important properties of neutral and charged chemical species are often widely different<br />
from that in the isolated gas phase. The structure and energetics of the cluster of a<br />
chemical species may be different from both the gas phase as well as the bulk. Bulk<br />
properties of a solute in solution result from the combined effect of solute-solvent and<br />
solvent-solvent interactions. It cannot be obtained from the properties of the isolated<br />
solute species alone. Several efforts are being made to connect molecular cluster<br />
properties of a chemical species to its bulk properties. 9,33-35<br />
Halogen molecules, X 2 (X=Cl, Br & I) provided one of the early model systems<br />
for understanding solvent effects on molecular spectra because they are apparently simple<br />
molecules whose spectral bands shift substantially in different solvents. The halogens<br />
also act as a popular model system for studying nearest neighbour effects on<br />
spectroscopy with the advent of molecular beam studies of dimers and small clusters.<br />
However, a very little effort has been put to study microhydration of X 2 (X=Cl & Br)<br />
systems. 55-57<br />
The molecular interaction between a neutral solute and solvent water<br />
molecules as well as the hydrogen bonding interactions among the solvent water<br />
69