reservoir geomecanics

a.
200
150
V p (m/s)
4000 2000
1000
SHALE
Lama and Vutukuri (1978)
Jizba (1991)
Carmichael (1982)
UCS (MPa)
100
15
50
12 13
11
14
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
∆t (µs/ft)
b.
UCS (MPa)
300
200
100
SHALE
Lama and Vutukuri (1978)
Carmichael (1982)
Jizba (1991)
16
0
0 20 40 60 80 100
E (GPa)
c.
200
SHALE
150
Lama and Vutukuri (1978)
Jizba (1991)
UCS (MPa)
100
50
17
19
18
0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
f
Figure 4.15. Comparison between different empirical laws (Table 4.2) for the dependence of the
strength of shale on (a) compressional wave velocity, (b) Young’s modulus and (c) porosity. After
Chang, Zoback et al. (2006). Reprinted with permission of Elsevier.