reservoir geomecanics

446 Index
critically stressed faults 85, 127, 132, 336, 342, 358
and fluid flow340, 341, 343, 349, 354
cross-dipole sonic logs 255
damage zone 346
Darcy 41
Darley Dale sandstone 89
DARS (deformation analysis in reservoir space) 379,
400
dehydration reactions 43
depletion 27, 378
determining S 3 from hydraulic fracturing, mini-fracs
and leak-off tests 206
differential sticking 306
diffusion 41
dilatancy hardening 123
dip direction 146, 150
dip meter log 183
direction cosines 7
disequilibrium compaction 40
dispersion 64, 69, 75, 77, 79
Dixie Valley, Nevada 353
drag force 270
drained behavior 59
drawdown 28
drilling-enhanced fractures 255
drilling-induced tensile fractures 15, 17, 172, 175, 190
and strike-slip faulting191
Drucker–Prager Criterion 93, 102
dual power law 80
Dunham dolomite 93, 103
dynamic measurements 63, 69
earthquake focal mechanism 7, 15, 17, 145, 158
auxiliary plane 18
B axis 18
beach balls 158
compressional quadrant 159
dilatational quadrant 159
fault plane 18
inversion of multiple mechanisms 162
low friction fault planes 161
nodal planes 159
normal faulting focal mechanism 160
P axis 18, 161
relation to principal stresses 161, 187, 189
reverse faulting focal mechanism 160
strike-slip faulting focal mechanism 160
T axis 18, 161
east Texas 282
Eaton method for estimating S hmin in GOM 282
Eberhart–Phillips, Han and Zoback relation 53
effective stress 27, 65, 66
effective stress ratios 296
Egypt 31
(northern) Egypt pore pressure 32
Ekofisk field 356, 390
elastic anisotropy 65
elastic plastic 59, 64, 75
electrical imaging 146, 148
en echelon tensile fractures 235, 245, 246
end-cap 84, 111, 118, 120, 379
equivalent circulating density (ECD) 217
estimating rock strength
from geophysical data 84, 107, 110, 111, 112, 113,
114, 115, 120, 124, 316
from wellbore failure 231
fault dip 146, 150
fault seal 340, 362
fault strike 149, 150
faulting induced by depletion 378, 382, 384, 388, 418,
420
faults and fractures 140
Fenton Hill, New Mexico 218, 223, 224, 240
first-order stress patterns 267
fish-hook, or j-fractures 254
flow rate through fractures and faults 142
fluid injection 124
footwall 8
formation density 10
frac gradient 195, 207
frac pack completion 277
fracture aperture 142
fracture pole 150
fracture toughness 122
fractured reservoirs 341
frictional strength 10, 84, 123, 132, 133
Gassmann 76
Geertsma subsidence model 412
geologic stress indicators 18
geomechanical model 3, 306
global stress map 267
Gulf of Mexico region and fields 8, 26, 29, 32, 40,
252, 276, 382, 403
Gulf of Mexico sands 82, 279
Gulf of Mexico stress state and wellbore stability 251,
273, 309, 322
hanging wall 8
Hoek and Brown criterion 93, 94
Holbrook method for estimating S hmin in GOM
285
Hubbert and Willis method for estimating S hmin in
GOM 280
hydraulically conductive faults and fractures 141, 143,
350
hydraulic fracturing 12, 15, 16, 122
in depleted reservoirs 395
and estimation of S Hmax 220
extended leak-off test (XLOT) and S hmin 206, 210,
211
formation breakdown pressure (FBP) 211, 220
formation integrity test (FIT) 211
frac-pack 206
fracture closure pressure (FCP) 212
fracture propagation pressure (FPP) 212, 220
Hubbert and Willis sand box experiment 209
hydraulic fracture propagation 208, 215
instantaneous shut in pressure (ISIP) and S hmin 212,
220
leak-off test (LOT) 15
and S hmin 206
limit test (LT) 211
mini-frac (or microfrac) and S hmin 15, 206