reservoir geomecanics

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180˚ 270˚ 0˚ 90˚ 180˚ 70˚ 70˚ 35˚ 35˚ 0˚ 0˚ −35˚ S Hmax in compressional domain S Hmax and S hmin in strike-slip domain S hmin in extensional domain −35˚ 180˚ 270˚ 0˚ Figure 9.2. Generalized world stress map based on the data in Figure 9.1, similar to that of Zoback, Zoback et al. (1989). Inward pointing arrows indicate high compression as in reverse faulting regions. Paired inward and outward arrows indicate strike-slip faulting. Outward directed red arrows indicate areas of extension. Note that the plates are generally in compression and that areas of extension are limited to thermally uplifted areas. 90˚ 180˚
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Reservoir Geomechanics This interdi
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cambridge university press Cambridg
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Contents Preface page xi PART I: BA
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ix Contents More on drilling-induce
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Preface This book has its origin in
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xiii Preface done with Pavel Peska
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1 The tectonic stress field My goal
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5 The tectonic stress field chapter
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7 The tectonic stress field signifi
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9 The tectonic stress field S v Nor
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0 SEAFLOOR 2000 Depth (feet below s
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a. Stress or pressure 0 20 40 60 80
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15 The tectonic stress field The o
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17 The tectonic stress field Observ
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180˚ 216˚ 252˚ 288˚ 324˚ 64˚
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21 The tectonic stress field 121 o
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23 The tectonic stress field 62N 0
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a. Margarita Pays b. Stress state a
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2 Pore pressure at depth in sedimen
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29 Pore pressure at depth in sedime
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a. 2000 OFFSHORE TRINIDAD CENTER OF
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57 Basic constitutive laws a. ELAST
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59 Basic constitutive laws Figure 3
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61 Basic constitutive laws Linear e
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63 Basic constitutive laws Vutukuri
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65 Basic constitutive laws Elastici
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67 Basic constitutive laws a. Stres
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69 Basic constitutive laws depend o
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71 Basic constitutive laws a. 20 18
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a. Confining pressure (MPa) 30 25 2
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75 Basic constitutive laws a. Creep
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a. 30 25 Differential stress (MPa)
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79 Basic constitutive laws a. 1 0.9
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81 Basic constitutive laws where th
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83 Basic constitutive laws the b pa
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85 Rock failure in compression, ten
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s 3 = 30 s 3 = 40 97 Rock failure i
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101 Rock failure in compression, te
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a. 200 150 V p (m/s) 4000 2000 1000
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Table 4.1. Empirical relationships
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a. 600 500 Frequency (counts) 400 3
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x x x x x x x x x x x x x x Plate-d
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a. 0 Stress or pressure 0 20 40 60
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141 Faults and fractures at depth S
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143 Faults and fractures at depth t
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145 Faults and fractures at depth c
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147 Faults and fractures at depth a
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149 Faults and fractures at depth A
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153 Faults and fractures at depth A
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157 Faults and fractures at depth w
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159 Faults and fractures at depth F
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161 Faults and fractures at depth i
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163 Faults and fractures at depth m
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6 Compressive and tensile failures
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169 Compressive and tensile failure
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. 140 a. 120 100 S hmin S Hmax R S
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a. b. c. 5400 5600 5800 6000 Depth
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Table 6.1. Quality ranking system A
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207 Determination of S 3 from mini-
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a. 2500 2 Shut-in Shut-in 2000 1.5
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8 Wellbore failure and stress deter
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237 Wellbore failure and stress det
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Page 514: 243 Wellbore failure and stress det
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Page 562: 267 Stress fields of the processes
Page 568: 270 Reservoir geomechanics subjecte
Page 572: 1 1 9 o E 8 o E 7 o E 6 o E 5 o E 4
Page 576: 274 Reservoir geomechanics a. b. 62
Page 580: 276 Reservoir geomechanics 7000 Nor
Page 584: a. 8000 Normal faulting Measured S
Page 588: 280 Reservoir geomechanics Methods
Page 592: 282 Reservoir geomechanics from 0.4
Page 596: 284 Reservoir geomechanics the meas
Page 600: 286 Reservoir geomechanics 0 Equiva
Page 604: 288 Reservoir geomechanics a. 0 500
Page 608: 290 Reservoir geomechanics a. b. S
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294 Reservoir geomechanics Pressure
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296 Reservoir geomechanics a. b. 50
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Part III Applications
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302 Reservoir geomechanics The next
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304 Reservoir geomechanics a. Stabl
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306 Reservoir geomechanics to remed
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308 Reservoir geomechanics a. b. c.
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Depth (feet) 310 Reservoir geomecha
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312 Reservoir geomechanics The pred
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314 Reservoir geomechanics a. 13.22
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316 Reservoir geomechanics a. b. 70
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318 Reservoir geomechanics a. N b.
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320 Reservoir geomechanics S Hmax A
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322 Reservoir geomechanics to the a
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324 Reservoir geomechanics and S hm
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326 Reservoir geomechanics 4 P grow
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328 Reservoir geomechanics p w = s
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330 Reservoir geomechanics Figure 1
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11 Critically stressed faults and f
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342 Reservoir geomechanics a. 0.4 m
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344 Reservoir geomechanics 40 35 30
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346 Reservoir geomechanics with fau
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348 Reservoir geomechanics a. 3000
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Table 11.1. Detection of permeable
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352 Reservoir geomechanics All Plan
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a. ALL FRACTURES FROM SIT FRACTURES
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356 Reservoir geomechanics exploita
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358 Reservoir geomechanics expected
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360 Reservoir geomechanics hole, Sh
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362 Reservoir geomechanics rock wit
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364 Reservoir geomechanics a. A S H
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366 Reservoir geomechanics N EXTENT
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368 Reservoir geomechanics a. A b.
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370 Reservoir geomechanics FILL TO
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372 Reservoir geomechanics Schemati
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376 Reservoir geomechanics HIGH a.
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12 Effects of reservoir depletion A
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384 Reservoir geomechanics There ar
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386 Reservoir geomechanics
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390 Reservoir geomechanics Zoback a
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396 Reservoir geomechanics can also
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398 Reservoir geomechanics and ther
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400 Reservoir geomechanics curve is
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404 Reservoir geomechanics
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406 Reservoir geomechanics To deter
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412 Reservoir geomechanics Hagin an
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Figure 12.18. (a) Map of southern L
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418 Reservoir geomechanics along a
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References Aadnoy, B. S. (1990a).
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425 References Bourbie, T., Coussy,
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427 References Coulomb, C. A. (1773
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429 References Flemings, P. B., Stu
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431 References Hayashi, K. and Haim
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433 References Lade, P. (1977). “
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435 References Moos, D. and Zoback,
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437 References Raaen, A. M. and Bru
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439 References Tang, X. M. and Chen
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441 References Wiprut, D. and Zobac
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443 References Zoback, M. L. and a.
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446 Index critically stressed fault
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448 Index ridge push 270 RMS (root
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180˚ 216˚ 252˚ 288˚ 324˚ 64˚
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a. 70 Pressure history - Lapeyrouse
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. 140 a. 120 100 S hmin S Hmax R S
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Figure 6.4. (a) Wellbore breakouts
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a. A S Hmax A-CENTRAL FAULT HIGH RE
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a. b. Figure 6.17. The area in whic
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160 155 150 145 S Hmax (MPa) 140 13
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a. b. Tendency for breakouts Orient
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180˚ 270˚ 0˚ 90˚ 180˚ 70˚ 70
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Depth (feet) S Hmax N S hmin W S v
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Figure 10.9. (a) Probability densit
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S Hmax ABOVE THE FAULT 9 10 11 12 R
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-9 200' - 9200 ' - 9 600 ' a. LESS
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a. 0.4 m = 1.0 m = 0.6 t/S v 0.2 0
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a. 3000 S Hmax = 10N 3100 3200 Dept
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a. ALL FRACTURES FROM SIT FRACTURES
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a. A S Hmax A-CENTRAL FAULT HIGH RE
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a. A b. N N A B C B C D D E E 0 1 2
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N Vertical Displacement cm 2 N East
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