Medianet Reference Guide - Cisco

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Cisco QoS Toolset Chapter 4 Medianet QoS Design Considerations Figure 4-10 Figure 1-10 802.1Q/p CoS Bits Preamble SFD DA SA Type 802.1Q Tag PT Data FCS 4 bytes PRI CFI VLAN ID Three Bits for User Priority (802.1p CoS) 226606 Figure 4-11 Label/Tag: 20 bits Figure 1-11 MPLS EXP Bits Time to Live (TTL): 8 bits Label/Tag CoS TTL 3 2 1 0 MPLS EXP S MPLS Experimental (CoS): 3 bits Bottom of stack indicator (S): 1 bit 226607 Figure 4-12 Figure 1-12 IP ToS Bits: DSCP and IP ECN Version Length ToS Byte Len ID Offset TTL Proto FCS IP-SA IP-DA Data RFC 2474 DiffServ Bits RFC 3168 IP ECN Bits IPv4 Packet 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 DiffServ Code Points (DSCP) ECT CE Congestion Experienced (CE) Bit 0 = No Congestion Experienced 1 = Congestion Experienced ECN-Capable Transport (ECN) Bit 0 = Non ECN-Capable Transport 1 = ECN-Capable Transport 226608 4-18 Medianet Reference Guide OL-22201-01
Chapter 4 Medianet QoS Design Considerations Cisco QoS Toolset Policing and Markdown Tools Policers are used to monitor traffic flows and to identify and respond to traffic violations. Policers achieve these objectives by performing ongoing, instantaneous checks for traffic violations and taking immediate prescribed actions when such violations occur. For example, a policer can determine if the offered load is in excess of the defined traffic rate and then drop the out-of-contract traffic, as illustrated in Figure 4-13. Figure 4-13 A Policing Action Offered Traffic Policing Offered Traffic Excess traffic is dropped Policing Rate Time Time 226609 Alternatively, policers may be used to remark excess traffic instead of dropping it. In such a role, the policer is called a marker. Figure 4-14 illustrates a policer functioning as a marker. Figure 4-14 A Policer as a Marker Excess traffic is remarked, but transmitted Offered Traffic Policing Offered Traffic Policing Rate Time Time 226610 The rate at which the policer is configured to either drop or remark traffic is called the Committed Information Rate (CIR). However, policers may police to multiple rates, such as the dual rate policer defined in RFC 2698. With such a policer, the CIR is the principle rate to which traffic is policed, but an upper limit, called the Peak Information Rate (PIR), is also set. The action of a dual-rate policer is analogous to a traffic light, with three conditional states—green light, yellow light, and red light. Traffic equal to or below the CIR (a green light condition) is considered to conform to the rate. An allowance for moderate amounts of traffic above this principal rate is permitted (a yellow light condition) and such traffic is considered to exceed the rate. However, a clearly-defined upper-limit of tolerance (the PIR) is also set (a red light condition), beyond which traffic is considered to violate the rate. As such, a dual-rate RFC 2698 policer performs the traffic conditioning for RFC 2597 Assured Forwarding PHBs, as previously discussed. The actions of such a dual-rate policer (functioning as a three-color marker) are illustrated in Figure 4-15. OL-22201-01 Medianet Reference Guide 4-19
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About the Authors Solution Authors
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Contents Application Intelligence a
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Contents The Globalization of the W
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Contents NetFlow Collector Consider
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Contents viii Medianet Reference Gu
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Business Drivers for Media Applicat
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Business Drivers for Media Applicat
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Solution Chapter 1 Medianet Archite
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Conclusions Chapter 1 Medianet Arch
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Measuring Bandwidth Chapter 2 Media
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Packet Flow Malleability Chapter 2
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Shapers Chapter 2 Medianet Bandwidt
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