MGNREGA_SAMEEKSHA

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Bibliography 101 In spite of all the grey areas in the implementation of NREGA a silent revolution is taking place in rural India with respect to women. Women workers are getting empowered through NREGS as is visible in the form of growing contributions to household expenditure and bearing cost of children’s education and healthcare. Women have also started to appear more actively in the rural public sphere as they take up their work and responsibilities. There is a general trend of low migration in the areas where assessment was carried out and workers have started to repay their debts. The study shows that despite numerous problems, NREGA is a programme that has begun to make a difference in the lives of women. Furthermore, it is popular among the workers, who routinely ask if more work could be made available to them under the NREGA. National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO), ‘Survey of MGNREGA 2010–11’, NSSO, 2011. Abstract: The NSSO conducted a survey in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan. Three hundred and four villages from each of the three states were selected. The survey was planned to be conducted in four rounds. The first round was scheduled from July–Dec 2009, second round from Jan–Jun 2010, the third round from Jul–Dec 2010 and the fourth round from Jan–Jun 2011. Niehaus, P., and S. Sukhtankar, Corruption Dynamics: The Golden Goose Effect, Working Paper, 2010. Abstract: Theoretical work on disciplining corrupt agents has emphasised the role of promised future rents (e.g. efficiency wages) but not of illicit future rents. Yet when opportunities for future rent extraction increase, agents should extract less rent today in order to preserve those opportunities. We study this golden goose effect in the context of a statutory wage increase in India’s employment guarantee scheme, comparing official micro-records to original household survey data to measure corruption. We estimate large golden goose effects that reduced the total impact of the wage increase on theft by roughly 75 per cent. Pani, N., and C. Iyer, ‘Evaluation of the Impact of Processes inthe Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme in Karnataka’, Bangalore: National Institute of Advanced Studies (NIAS), 2011. Abstract: This report seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of the processes of implementation of the MGNREGA in Karnataka and recommends specific steps that could improve them. The issues that arise relate to the processes involved in the worker seeking work, the process of providing that work, the consequences of that work for the rural economy and society, and the processes involved in enabling and monitoring the scheme. Pankaj, A. K., and A. N. Sharma, Understanding the Processes, Institutions and Mechanisms of Implementation and Impact Assessment of NREGA in Bihar and Jharkhand, New Delhi: Institute of Human Development (IHD), 2008. Abstract: This is a study of: (i) the implementation process, mechanism, difficulties and; (ii) impact of the scheme on the beneficiaries and communities vis-à-vis major objectives of the Act. The study is based on field work (survey) of nine districts (six from Bihar and three from Jharkhand), 30 villages (18 from Bihar and 12 from Jharkhand), 900 households, two-thirds beneficiaries and one-third non-beneficiaries (540 from Bihar and 360 from Jharkhand) and 37 worksites. This was also a resurvey of 102 beneficiary households in Bihar. This study examines the impact of the scheme on individual beneficiaries in terms of income consumption effects, changes in migration and indebtedness and impact of the community assets on the local economy, wage rate and agrarian conditions. Pankaj, A., and Tankha, ‘Empowerment Effects of the NREGS on Women Workers: A Study in Four States’, Economic and Political Weekly, vol. 45, no. 30, 24 July 2010. Abstract: Using a field survey, this paper examines the empowerment effects of the NREG Scheme on rural women in Bihar, Jharkhand, Rajasthan and Himachal Pradesh. It argues that women workers have gained from the scheme primarily because of the paid employment opportunity, and benefits have been realised through income-consumption effects, intra-household effects, and the enhancement of choice and capability. Women have also gained to some extent in terms of realisation of equal wages under the NREGS with long-term implications for correcting the skewed gender ratio and gender discriminatory wages prevalent in the rural labour market of India. Despite the difficulties and hurdles for women, prospects lie, inter alia, in their collective mobilisation, more so in laggard states.
102 Bibliography Planning Commission, All India Report on Evaluation of NREGA: A Survey of Twenty Districts, Programme Evaluation Office, Delhi: Institute of Applied Management Research and Planning Commission, Government of India, 2010. Abstract: This survey shows that due to the income generation through this scheme, the number of beneficiaries at the low earning level are reduced to nearly half in size resulting in the rise of households with marginally higher income. It was found that more than half of the beneficiaries are agricultural and unskilled workers. There is also a shift in the beneficiaries expenditure pattern on food and non-food items. Seventy per cent of the beneficiaries revealed that the migration is only for just wages and not for any better wages. PRADAN, Implementing Integrated Natural Resouce Management Projects under NREGA: A Resource Book, Manual prepared for the Ministry of Rural Development/UNDP, Delhi: PRADAN, 2009. Abstract: PRADAN has demonstrated ways to promote the development of natural resources leading to equitable and sustainable economic growth, ensuring household food security and eliminating mass poverty in the region. Such an approach requires participatory planning at the level of hamlets and villages, to develop production and management systems suitable to the resource endowment to meet people’s needs and preferences. The technologies that PRADAN has evolved are simple, labour intensive and, therefore, suited to the requirements of NREGA in order to generate wage employment opportunities while creating livelihood assets. Ravallion, M., ‘Corruption in the MGNREGS: Assessing an Index’, Economic and Political Weekly, vol. 47, no. 8, 25 February 2012. Abstract: There is corruption in the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme, no question about that. But simple indices that claim to measure corruption and make an assessment of interstate levels of corruption can end up offering us a wrong understanding. Roy, A., and N. Dey, ‘The Wages of Discontent’, in The Battle for Employment Guarantee, ed. R. Khera, New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2011, pp. 261–65. Abstract: The chapter discusses the delinking of MGNREGA wages from Section 6(1) of the MGNREGA. SAMARTHAN, ‘Impact Assessment of MGNREGA in Madhya Pradesh’, Submitted to Poverty Monitoring and Policy Support Unit (PMPSU), Madhya Pradesh: State Planning Commission, 2010. Abstract: The study was conducted in 16 districts in Madhya Pradesh. The study sample was split across different geographical areas, phases of implementation, their performance on employment generation and also different categories of households. The findings in the report are broadly divided in 5 sections, ‘Access of MGNREGS’, ‘Knowledge of and Attitude Towards the Scheme’, ‘Provisions and Practice Related Issues’, ‘Transparency and Accountability Related Issues’ and ‘Impact of the Scheme’. Some of the key findings of the report include, low awareness levels among beneficiaries, no clear strategy for maintenance of assets and funds to be used for maintenance and social audits not being conducted. In the cases where social audits were conducted the issues of less wage payment (69 per cent), quality and use of work (75.5 per cent), work demands (75.5 per cent) have figured prominently. On the positive side, the largest proportion of estimated benefited households spend their MGNREGA income on food, medicine, and clothes for the family members, i.e. 81 per cent, 55 per cent, 41 per cent respectively. Samaj Pragati Sahayog, and Megh Pyne Abhiyan, Leveraging MGNREGA for Flood Control in Bihar: A Case for Policy Reform in Bihar, 2011. Abstract: Based on intensive surveys and interactions with village communities spread over two years, the study has come up with an action plan which suggests that an outlay of Rs 4 crore in the selected panchayats could generate more than 2 lakh person-days of employment, and effectively help in controlling floods across nearly 9,000 hectares of land. Through extending such measure across all 39 flood-prone districts of the State of Bihar, it would be possible to effectively protect about 1.5 crore people of the State from the ravages of floods. Sankaran, K. ‘NREGA Wages: Ensuring Decent Work’, Economic and Political Weekly, vol. 46, no. 07, 12 February.
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MGNREGA Sameeksha ‘I will give yo
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MGNREGA Sameeksha An Anthology of R
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Contents List of Tables, Figures an
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Tables, Figures and Boxes Tables A:
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Foreword I In his famous talisman,
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Foreword xi There has been public c
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Abbreviations ADS AEO APL APO ATM B
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Abbreviations xvii RTI SAU SBI SC S
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2 MGNREGA Sameeksha Coverage The Ac
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4 MGNREGA Sameeksha Table A An Over
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6 MGNREGA Sameeksha per capita expe
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8 MGNREGA Sameeksha has had an impa
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10 MGNREGA Sameeksha Figure 1.1 Nom
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12 MGNREGA Sameeksha Line (APL) pop
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14 MGNREGA Sameeksha Box 1.1 MGNREG
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16 MGNREGA Sameeksha Micro-level da
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18 MGNREGA Sameeksha 2 Gender and S
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20 MGNREGA Sameeksha Scheme logisti
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22 MGNREGA Sameeksha male workers.
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24 MGNREGA Sameeksha the importance
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26 MGNREGA Sameeksha women need to
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28 MGNREGA Sameeksha Table 3.1 Tota
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30 MGNREGA Sameeksha the farmers ca
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32 MGNREGA Sameeksha a conceptualis
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34 MGNREGA Sameeksha Work on Privat
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36 MGNREGA Sameeksha Rajasthan, Guj
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38 MGNREGA Sameeksha 4 Environmenta
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40 MGNREGA Sameeksha While effectiv
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42 MGNREGA Sameeksha to a range of
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44 MGNREGA Sameeksha efficiently se
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46 MGNREGA Sameeksha force where mo
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Table 5.1 Month-wise Person-days Ge
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Page 87 and 88: 68 MGNREGA Sameeksha soil. The cost
Page 89 and 90: 70 MGNREGA Sameeksha A summary of t
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Page 99 and 100: 80 Bibliography Ambasta, P., ‘MGN
Page 101 and 102: 82 Bibliography different regions,
Page 103 and 104: 84 Bibliography Abstract: At the re
Page 105 and 106: 86 Bibliography market. The questio
Page 107 and 108: 88 Bibliography cent) and on non-fo
Page 109 and 110: 90 Bibliography vulnerability. As a
Page 111 and 112: 92 Bibliography Abstract: IIM Shill
Page 113 and 114: 94 Bibliography Jameel Poverty Acti
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Page 117 and 118: 98 Bibliography than 50 per cent in
Page 119: 100 Bibliography This adverse produ
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Page 125 and 126: 106 Bibliography Abstract: The evid
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