The Local Agenda 21 Planning Guide - Democrats Against UN ...

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The Local Agenda 21 Planning Guide Agenda 21 Kanagawa has created positive side effects in terms of the internal decision-making process and systems at the prefectural government. Primarily, the newly established Kanagawa Council for Global Environmental Protection provides a framework for unprecedented inter-departmental cooperation on issues like urban greening that cross traditional departmental lines such as Parks, Construction, and Forestry. Additionally, a system was established in which an individual employee in each section would be placed in charge of in-house environmental matters, including disseminating information related to the environment, setting up and maintaining an office paper recycling system, turning off unused lights, etc. The Agenda 21 Kanagawa process has created new awareness of the need to protect the environment, as well as a sense of common purpose regarding the environment throughout the community. Furthermore, as the first Local Agenda 21 initiative in Japan, Agenda 21 Kanagawa has become the model for other Local Agenda 21 efforts throughout the country. Contact Mr. Kunihiro Asano Assistant Director Environmental Policy Section Department of Environment Kanagawa Prefectural Government 1 Nihon Oodori, Naka-ku, Yokohama Kanagawa Prefecture 231, Japan Tel.: + 81-45/201-1111 (ext. 3737) Fax: +81-45/201-7908 4.4.3 CASE #12 DAR ES SALAAM, UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA COMMUNITY-BASED ACTION PLANNING Program Name Sustainable Dar es Salaam Project (SDP) Background The city of Dar es Salaam (“Haven of Peace”) is the industrial, commercial, and governmental center of Tanzania, serving the nation (and several neighboring land-locked countries) through its natural harbor and communications linkages. The city has an estimated growth rate of 8 percent per annum, one of the highest in sub-Saharan Africa. While rapid growth provides numerous economic opportunities to the urban population, environmental conditions in Dar es Salaam have deteriorated rapidly, severely limiting national and city economic development and adversely affecting the health and welfare of the city’s residents. The environmental and development problems constraining Dar es Salaam include lack of formal access to the water distribution, solid waste collection and sewage disposal in settlement areas, extensive industrial pollution, unplanned transportation networks and traffic congestion, environmental health problems, and urban sprawl. Dar es Salaam faces a number of institutional constraints. Development of the city generally failed to follow the long-term Master Plan that was created in 1979. There was no institutional mechanism to coordinate the parties involved in managing the city’s growth, or to provide resources for investments, and no enforcement against those developers who did not comply with the land use and development standards. Faced with the rapid growth of the city, a severe lack of financial and institutional capacity in both the Dar es Salaam City Council (DCC) and central government led to rapidly deteriorating environmental conditions in and around Dar es Salaam, reducing opportunities to achieve sustainable socio-economic and environmental growth and constraining the development of the city. Program Description The Sustainable Dar es Salaam Project (SDP) began in 1992 and addresses critical environmental issues that are constraining the http://www.idrc.ca/openebooks/448-2/ (100 of 180)18/10/2010 12:47:23 AM
The Local Agenda 21 Planning Guide economic growth of the city and imperiling the natural resource base. It is being implemented as part of the global Sustainable Cities Programme of the UN Center for Human Settlements (Habitat). The SDP meets its goal of socio-economic development and growth in the city of Dar es Salaam by: • enhancing the availability of, and promoting, the sustainable use of natural resources and reducing exposure to environmental hazards in the city of Dar es Salaam; and • strengthening local capacities to plan, coordinate, and manage urban development. The short term objectives of the program are to: Priority Setting • define the most pressing environmental issues affecting the city’s growth and development; • establish an environmental planning and management capacity within the DCC based upon improved crosssectoral and multi-institutional coordination between local and central government, in partnership with the private sector and nongovernment/community-based organizations; • prepare detailed physical, financial, and institutional Action Plans to address the priority environmental issues identified; • aggregate the Action Plans into a dynamic strategic development plan for the city; and • assist responsible institutions to implement the Action Plans and through them to implement, monitor, and adjust the city’s strategic development plan. As resources were scarce and the problems faced enormous, the SDP required an early and continuing process to prioritize issues. This was done as follows: • An “Environmental Profile” was prepared to identify Dar es Salaam’s environmental resource base, the consequences of “environment development interaction,” and the institutional framework available for resource management. • A City Consultation was held in August 1992 at which representatives of the highest levels of government and key stakeholders in the city defined and prioritized nine key environmental issues: • improving solid waste management; • upgrading unserviced settlements; • servicing city expansion; • coordinating city center renewal; • managing surface waters and liquid waste; • managing air quality and urban transportation; • managing open spaces, recreational areas, hazard lands, green belts, and urban agricultural potential; • managing the economy and integrating petty trading; and • managing coastal resources. Two priority areas were picked for immediate action: • solid waste management; and http://www.idrc.ca/openebooks/448-2/ (101 of 180)18/10/2010 12:47:23 AM
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