The Local Agenda 21 Planning Guide - Democrats Against UN ...

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The Local Agenda 21 Planning Guide A Working Group is typically a small body of 10 to 20 stakeholder representatives who have a particular interest or expertise in a specific issue or problem. In addition to the various models presented in the diagrams accompanying the cases, a general diagram of a stakeholder planning process can be found in Figure 3. In this model, the Working Group plays a lead role in research, issue analysis, and technical assessment. It contributes its information and conclusions, as well as its action recommendations, to the larger Stakeholder Group for review and discussion. Based upon these recommendations, the Stakeholder Group negotiates and approves a final Action Plan. The processes of issue identification and priority setting often require unique structures, such as neighborhood forums, public hearings, and focus groups, which permit extensive participation by residents and/or service users. A Working Group may be established to coordinate these activities. Technical analysis and research is usually coordinated by specialist Working Groups. In order to develop a systemic analysis of issues and problems, these Working Groups usually include representatives with expertise in different professional disciplines, municipal departments, and sectors. The development of Action Plans is usually an iterative process in which specialist Working Groups prepare specific proposals and submit these to the larger Stakeholder Group—or directly to the public—for review, comments, and changes. A typical structure used in action planning is the Interdepartmental Committee of municipal staff, which advises stakeholder Working Groups and reviews their action proposals prior to formal approval by municipal policymakers. Stakeholder Groups often establish distinct Working Groups to undertake the different tasks of issue identification, technical research, priority setting, and developing Action Plans. FIGURE 3 A GENERAL PARTNERSHIP MODEL Sustainable Development Planning http://www.idrc.ca/openebooks/448-2/ (22 of 180)18/10/2010 12:47:23 AM
The Local Agenda 21 Planning Guide 2.2.4 IDENTIFY PARTNERS Once the planning tasks and respective partnership structures are determined, appropriate individuals and institutional representatives can be identified to participate in the various planning activities and structures. In general, these partners will include: • service providers: those people who control and manage services; • service users: those people who use and are affected directly by services; • parties whose interests are indirectly affected by the impacts of the service or service system; and • parties with a particular knowledge related to the service or the service environment. The development of Action Plans is usually an iterative process in which specialist Working Groups prepare specific proposals and submit these to the larger Stakeholder Group. The proper selection of participants for the Stakeholder Group and its Working Groups is perhaps the most critical step in establishing a partnership planning process. The composition of the participants will determine both the legitimacy of the Group and its ability to develop new ideas, insights, and consensus for action. As a rule, it is important to always include service user representatives and representatives of groups who are traditionally underrepresented in planning efforts. Worksheet 1 presents a matrix exercise that can help in the identification of partners for the Stakeholder and Working Groups. Checklist 1 can then be used to verify that representation is inclusive for effective sustainable development planning. Once the desired representatives are identified, the process of negotiation begins over the terms for their participation. These negotiations can be used to develop a committed membership for the Stakeholder Group and to establish the terms of reference for the planning partnership. WORKSHEET 1 IDENTIFYING PARTNERS FOR STAKEHOLDER AND WORKING GROUPS http://www.idrc.ca/openebooks/448-2/ (23 of 180)18/10/2010 12:47:23 AM
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