The Local Agenda 21 Planning Guide - Democrats Against UN ...
The Local Agenda 21 Planning Guide - Democrats Against UN ...
The Local Agenda 21 Planning Guide - Democrats Against UN ...
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<strong>The</strong> <strong>Local</strong> <strong>Agenda</strong> <strong>21</strong> <strong>Planning</strong> <strong>Guide</strong><br />
and responding to the public to promote sustainable development.<br />
<strong>The</strong> approaches presented in this <strong>Guide</strong> are being tested and evaluated by hundreds of local governments throughout the world.<br />
Chapter 28 of <strong>Agenda</strong> <strong>21</strong> also contains a direct call to all local governments to create their own action plans for sustainable<br />
development. <strong>The</strong>se “<strong>Local</strong> <strong>Agenda</strong> <strong>21</strong>” action plans translate the principles and mandates of <strong>Agenda</strong> <strong>21</strong> into concrete service<br />
strategies for each local community. Chapter 28 states that:<br />
By 1996, most local authorities in each country should have undertaken a consultative process with their populations and<br />
achieved a consensus on a “<strong>Local</strong> <strong>Agenda</strong> <strong>21</strong>” for the community.<br />
Hundreds of local governments, working with their national and international associations of local government, are engaged in <strong>Local</strong><br />
<strong>Agenda</strong> <strong>21</strong> planning activities. National campaigns for <strong>Local</strong> <strong>Agenda</strong> <strong>21</strong> exist in Brazil, Colombia, Finland, Sweden, Denmark,<br />
Germany, the United Kingdom, Netherlands, China, Japan, Australia, and New Zealand. <strong>The</strong> European Sustainable Cities and<br />
Towns Campaign was created in 1994 to assist European local governments to establish <strong>Local</strong> <strong>Agenda</strong> <strong>21</strong> processes in their<br />
communities. In addition to the participants in these campaigns, individual local governments have established <strong>Local</strong> <strong>Agenda</strong> <strong>21</strong><br />
planning processes in Peru, Ecuador, the United States, Canada, Poland, Germany, Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria, Italy, Spain, Greece,<br />
Senegal, Uganda, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, South Africa, India, Thailand, and Papua New Guinea, to mention a few countries.<br />
With support from the International Development Research Center, the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the United Nations<br />
Development Programme, the US Agency for International Development and other sources, ICLEI has established an international<br />
research program to document and evaluate these <strong>Local</strong> <strong>Agenda</strong> <strong>21</strong> sustainable development planning efforts. <strong>The</strong> program, called<br />
the <strong>Local</strong> <strong>Agenda</strong> <strong>21</strong> Model Communities Programme, is a collaboration among fourteen local governments to develop the<br />
standards, methods, and guidelines for sustainable development planning at the local level.<br />
1.2 How to use the <strong>Local</strong> <strong>Agenda</strong> <strong>21</strong> <strong>Planning</strong> <strong>Guide</strong><br />
This <strong>Guide</strong> is presented as a preliminary and introductory guide on the planning elements, methods, and tools being used by local<br />
governments to prepare their <strong>Local</strong> <strong>Agenda</strong> <strong>21</strong>s. By drawing general conclusions from the work that is already underway at the local<br />
level, it recommends a general sustainable development planning approach.<br />
A theoretical, step-by-step sequence to be followed is provided in order to clarify key planning issues. While it is recommended that<br />
all of these steps be considered, the actual approach will have to be tailored to local circumstances. Furthermore, while these steps<br />
have a certain logical sequence, they are not presented here as a strictly chronological “recipe” for action. In many instances, the key<br />
elements of a sustainable development planning process are to be undertaken simultaneously.<br />
At all times, the <strong>Guide</strong> attempts to recommend approaches that could be applied in both rich and poor communities. Methods that<br />
may be effective in developed countries, but may not currently be appropriate in the developing world, have not been included in<br />
this <strong>Guide</strong>. <strong>The</strong> <strong>Guide</strong> also does not provide detailed technical descriptions of key planning methods that are already provided in<br />
existing manuals and documentation.<br />
<strong>The</strong> <strong>Local</strong> <strong>Agenda</strong> <strong>21</strong> <strong>Planning</strong> <strong>Guide</strong> uses figures, boxes, and case studies to help illustrate how different concepts and methods<br />
have been applied at the local level. Worksheets and checklists are provided for readers to use in their local planning process. A<br />
reference list of publications, manuals, and contacts for further information about specific methods or <strong>Local</strong> <strong>Agenda</strong> <strong>21</strong> campaigns at<br />
the national and regional level is also included.<br />
<strong>The</strong> <strong>Local</strong> <strong>Agenda</strong> <strong>21</strong> <strong>Planning</strong> <strong>Guide</strong> is not a comprehensive final guide on <strong>Local</strong> <strong>Agenda</strong> <strong>21</strong> and sustainable development<br />
planning. <strong>The</strong> approaches presented in the following pages are being tested and evaluated by individual local governments and by<br />
the Model Communities Programme. <strong>The</strong> conclusions of these tests and evaluations will be used to prepare more detailed reports on<br />
specific methods and tools, as well as to prepare future editions of this <strong>Guide</strong>.<br />
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