Making Targeted Sanctions Effective - Small Arms Survey

§ 58
PART II: MEASURES TO STRENGTHEN THE ROLE OF THE UN | 31
itarian consequences of UN sanctions, and have lent their expertise
to the design of impact assessment methods. A number of NGO
practitioners have also served on Expert Panels. Most recently, NGOs
have collaborated with UN Member States and the private sector in
the Kimberley Process on the certification of rough diamonds, an
initiative that flowed, in part, from the work of the Expert Panels
in Angola and Sierra Leone in monitoring sanctions violations.
These interactions with NGOs should be continued and strengthened,
especially on issues where NGOs enjoy a comparative functional
advantage or regional presence. In particular, the Security
Council should improve ways to ensure that sanctions policy take
into account the views of indigenous civil society actors. The contribution
of local NGOs in targeted countries should be treated
with great sensitivity and verified given the possible failure safety
nets from the parties affected, and the natural bias of NGOs (as
with government officials). The Security Council should also consider
exploring ways to bring in the expertise of human rights
NGOs to bear upon the problem of ensuring that the procedures
for identifying and managing sanctions targets are transparent and
in conformity with international human rights norms and the
rights of due process.
Relations with the Private Sector
§ 59 Private sector actors have become increasingly important to international
peace and security, a fact which has been acknowledge by
the creation of the UN Global Compact, an initiative of the Secretary-General
to promote greater private sector commitment to
conflict prevention and sustainable development. With the partial
exception of the Kimberley Process for the certification of rough
diamonds, there has been no concerted effort to engage the private
sector in sanctions policy. Yet, many private sector actors, including
financial institutions, insurance companies, and transportation companies,
have both a capacity and expertise to bear on sanctions
implementation. Ways should be explored, to increase opportunities
for consultation with key representatives bodies of private sec-