F-22 Plus-Up Environmental Assessment - Joint Base Elmendorf ...

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Table 1. Estimated Annual Beluga Behavioral Responses Resulting From Proposed Additional F-22 Flying Operations Aircraft Configuration Noise Levels Events Per Year Number of Belugas in Affected Area Risk of Behavioral Responses EEEGL 2 Departure on RW 24 (military and A/B power departures identical at overwater segment) EEEGL 2 Departure on RW 34 IFR Approach (IFR arrival and IFR closed pattern are idetical in overwater segment) MATSU Transition (initial approach) RAPTR Transition (initial approach) ALL VFR approaches (overhead break) AND visual closed patterns Re-entry Pattern (initial approach) Lowest Altitude Over Water (MSL) Power (% ETR) LAmax Just Above Surface (dB re 20 µPa) SPL Just Below Surface (dB re 1 µPa) Additional Events Per Year (Proposed Action) Area Affected at 120-125 dB SPL (sq km) Area Affected at 125-130 dB SPL (sq km) Area Affected at >130 dB SPL (sq km) Approx. Beluga Density (Animals per km 2 ) Prob. of Behavioral Response at Highest Level Within 120-125 dB SPL Prob. of Behavioral Response At Highest Level Within 125-130 dB SPL Response at Highest Level >130 dB SPL (0 if max SPL
1.18 Appendix 1 References Blackwell, S. B. and C. R. Greene, Jr. 2002. Acoustic Measurements in Cook Inlet, Alaska, During August 2001. Prepared by Greeneridge Sciences for National Marine Fisheries Service, Protected Resources Division, Anchorage AK. 12 August.Department of the Navy (DoN). 2004. Report on the Results of the Inquiry into Allegations of Marine Mammal Impacts Surrounding the Use of Active Sonar by USS SHOUP (DDG 86) in the Haro Strait on or about 5 May 2003. Feller, W. 1968. Introduction to Probability Theory and its Application. Vol. 1. 3rd ed John Wilay & Sons, NY, NY. Finneran, J.J., and C.E. Schlundt. 2004. Effects of intense pure tones on the behavior of trained odontocetes. Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center, San Diego, Technical Document. September. Finneran, J.J., D.A. Carder, and S.H. Ridgway. 2001. Temporary threshold shift (TTS) in bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus exposed to tonal signals. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 1105:2749(A), 142nd Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America, Fort Lauderdale, FL. December. _____. 2003. Temporary threshold shift measurements in bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus, belugas Delphinapterus leucas, and California sea lions Zalophus californianus. Environmental Consequences of Underwater Sound (ECOUS) Symposium, San Antonio, TX, 12-16 May 2003. Finneran, J.J., D.A. Carder, C.E. Schlundt and S.H. Ridgway. 2005. Temporary threshold shift in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) exposed to mid-frequency tones. Journal of Acoustical Society of America. 118:2696-2705. Fromm, D. 2004a. Acoustic Modeling Results of the Haro Strait For 5 May 2003. Naval Research Laboratory Report, Office of Naval Research, 30 January 2004. _____. 2004b. EEEL Analysis of U.S.S. SHOUP Transmissions in the Haro Strait on 5 May 2003. Naval Research Laboratory briefing of 2 September 2004. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). 2009. Taking and Importing Marine Mammals; U.S. Navy Training in the Hawaii Range Complex. NMFS, Final Rule, Federal Register 74, No. 7, 1465-1491, 12 January. National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS). 2005. Assessment of Acoustic Exposures on Marine Mammals in Conjunction with USS Shoup Active Sonar Transmissions in the Eastern Strait of Juan de Fuca and Haro Strait, Washington. 5 May 2003. National Marine Fisheries, Office of Protected Resources. Silver Spring, MD 20910. _____. 2009. Endangered Species Act Section 7 Consultation, Biological Opinion, Proposed regulations to authorize the U.S. Navy to "take" marine mammals incidental to the F-22 Plus-Up Environmental Assessment Wildlife Analysis Page A1-9
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F-22 Plus-Up Environmental Assessme
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Cover Sheet ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMEN
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Page 3-51 Table 3.8-1. Special Use
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Table 5.1-1. Past, Present, and Rea
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Appendix A Characteristics of Chaff
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APPENDIX A CHARACTERISTICS OF CHAFF
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Table 2. Characteristics of RR-188
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they demonstrate ejection of 98 per
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Appendix B Characteristics and Anal
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APPENDIX B CHARACTERISTICS AND ANAL
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Figure 1. MJU-10/B Flare F-22 Plus-
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Flare failure would occur if the fl
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4.2 Flare Strike Risk Residual flar
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and velocity. A slug is defined as
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The S&I device maximum momentum wou
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Appendix C Public and Agency Outrea
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Senator Lisa Murkowski ATTN: Karen
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New Koliganek Village Council ATTN:
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Alaska Department of Natural Resour
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Eklutna Native Village ATTN: Doroth
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Village of Stony River ATTN: Mary W
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Village of Stony River ATTN: Mary W
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Appendix D Aircraft Noise Analysis
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Page 245 and 246: F-22 Plus-Up Environmental Assessme
Page 261 and 262: Appendix E Sec 7 (ESA) Compliance W
Page 263 and 264: SECTION 7 (ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT)
Page 265 and 266: not require additional construction
Page 267 and 268: Other diet items include cod, pollo
Page 269 and 270: 1.5.6 Northern Sea Otter—Southwes
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Page 291 and 292: important in determining whether an
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Page 295: e 1 µPa, 125-130 dB re 1 µPa, and
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Page 314 and 315: F2.1 Ungulates Wild ungulates appea
Page 316 and 317: F2.2 Waterfowl and Other Waterbirds
Page 318 and 319: leaving an aircraft during training
Page 320 and 321: Cavedo, A. M., K. S. Latimer, H. L.
Page 322 and 323: Perry, E. A., D. J. Boness, and S.
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