F-22 Plus-Up Environmental Assessment - Joint Base Elmendorf ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

3.7.2.4 Naknek 1/2 MOAs F-22 Plus-Up Environmental Assessment 3.0 Affected Environment There are no NRHP-listed resources under the Naknek MOAs (NRIS 2011). One federally recognized Alaska Native village, Koliganek, lies under the edge of Naknek 1 airspace (Bureau of Indian Affairs 2000). Koliganek is on the Nushagak River north of Dillingham. First contact with Europeans occurred in the early 19 th century when Russian fur traders entered the area. Prior to its present location, the village was on Tikchik Lake near the headwaters of the Nuyakuk River (Bristol Bay Native Association 2000). Archaeological excavations indicate the site was occupied from about 1820 until the turn of the 19 th century by people who practiced a coastal Bering Sea Eskimo lifeway, hunting sea mammals, fishing, and trapping on land (Bristol Bay Native Association 2000). After a flu epidemic, residents moved to the confluence of the Nuyakuk and Nushagak Rivers (Old Koliganek). A Russian Orthodox church, St. Yako, was established in the village in 1870. The residents moved to another site in 1938 (Middle Koliganek) because of a decreasing supply of firewood near the village. The present site was established in 1964. Residents depend on the Bristol Bay commercial salmon fishery and fur trapping. The Koliganek Traditional Council is the governing body for the Native residents of Koliganek (Bristol Bay Native Association 2000). 3.7.2.5 Fox MOAs Although there are no Alaska Native Villages within this area, there are scattered remote residences and BLM-managed recreation areas. The area is frequently used for subsistence and recreational hunting (BLM 2006). Additionally, the NRHP-listed Tangle Lakes Archaeological district is located on lands underlying the Fox MOA. The district contains more than 400 recorded archaeological sites spanning 10,000 years of human presence in the region (BLM 2006). 3.7.2.6 Birch, Buffalo, Eielson, and Viper MOAs No federally recognized Alaska Native villages are located under these MOAs. Rapids Roadhouse, also known as Black Rapids Roadhouse, in Delta, underlies Buffalo MOA and is the only NRHP-listed cultural resource under these MOAs (NRIS 2011). 3.7.2.7 Delta MOA There are three NRHP-listed properties under the Delta MOA, all of which are architectural resources. They are the Big Delta Historic District (also known as Big Delta State Historical Park), Delta Junction; Rika’s Landing Roadhouse (also known as Rika’s Landing Site), Big Delta; and Sullivan Roadhouse, Delta Junction (NRIS 2011). 3.7.2.8 Yukon MOAs The Yukon MOAs overlie a large area to the north and east of Fairbanks. villages occur in this area, as well as 11 NRHP-listed resources (NRIS 2011). Several native Page 3-42
F-22 Plus-Up Environmental Assessment 3.0 Affected Environment The small village of Healy Lake, 29 miles east of Delta Junction, is under the Yukon 1 MOA. Healy Lake is home to the federally recognized Healy Lake Village Council. Predominant activity in the area is the recreational use of Healy Lake during summer months. The village of Circle underlies Yukon 2 MOA, on the south bank of the Yukon River at the edge of the Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge, about 160 miles northeast of Fairbanks. The federally recognized Circle Native Community is predominantly Athabaskan. Circle, or Circle City, was established in 1893 as a supply point for goods shipped up the Yukon River and then to the gold mining camps. By 1896, Circle was the largest mining town on the Yukon, with a population of 700. Residents, some of whom are part-time, now number approximately 100. The Coal Creek Historic Mining District is among the 11 properties listed on the NRHP. The federally recognized Alaska Native Village of Eagle underlies Yukon 3 MOA, six miles west of the Alaska Canadian border. It is located on the Taylor Highway, on the left bank of the Yukon River at the mouth of Mission Creek. The area has been the historical home to Han Kutchin Indians, and was once known by non-Native Alaskans as “Johnny’s,” after a leader named John. The adjacent community of Eagle saw its beginnings around 1874 as a log house trading station. Named “Belle Isle,” the station continued to provide supplies and trade goods for prospectors who worked the upper Yukon and its tributaries until Eagle City was founded at the site in 1897. Fort Egbert was established adjacent to Eagle in 1899; a major accomplishment was construction of part of the Washington-Alaska Military Cable and Telegraph System in 1903. Eagle was incorporated in 1901, becoming the first incorporated city in the Interior. Several NRHP properties occur in or near Eagle, including the Eagle Historic District, Woodchopper Roadhouse, the Frank Slaven Roadhouse, the Steele Creek Roadhouse, the George McGregor Cabin and the Ed Beiderman Fish Camp (NRIS 2010). Eagle is listed in the NRIS as the location of the Chicken Historic District, but it is 66 miles south of Eagle on the Taylor Highway. The Alaska Native Village Chalkyitsik underlies Yukon 5 MOA. Archaeological excavations indicate this region may have been first used as early as 12,000 years ago. This village on the Black River has traditionally been an important seasonal fishing site for the Gwich’in. Village elders remember a highly nomadic way of life where from autumn into the spring they lived at the headwaters of the Black River, and fished downriver in the summer. Contact with early explorers was limited, and the Black River Gwich’in receive scant mention in early records. The location of the village at its present site is due in part to low water in the Black River in the 1930s. A boat carrying materials intended for a school to be built in Salmon Village had to be unloaded at the Chalkyitsik seasonal fishing camp that then consisted of four cabins. Rather than reload the construction materials, the school was built at Chalkyitsik, and the Black River people began to settle around the school. 3.8 Land Use, Transportation, and Recreation The attributes of JBER-Elmendorf and nearby land use addressed in this analysis include general land use patterns, land ownership, land management plans, and applicable plans and ordinances. General land use patterns characterize the types of uses within a particular area including human land uses, such as agricultural, residential, commercial, industrial, institutional, and recreational, or natural land uses, such as forests, refuges, and other open Page 3-43
Page 1 and 2:
F-22 Plus-Up Environmental Assessme
Page 3 and 4:
Cover Sheet ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMEN
Page 7 and 8:
Page 9 and 10:
Page 11 and 12:
Page 13 and 14:
Page 15 and 16:
Page 17 and 18:
Page 19 and 20:
Page 21 and 22:
Page 23 and 24:
Page 25 and 26:
Page 27 and 28:
Page 29 and 30:
Page 31 and 32:
Page 33 and 34:
Page 35 and 36:
Page 37 and 38:
Page 39 and 40:
Page 41 and 42:
Page 2-13 Table 2.2-3. Baseline and
Page 43 and 44: F-22 Plus-Up Environmental Assessme
Page 93: F-22 Plus-Up Environmental Assessme
Page 103 and 104: Page 3-51 Table 3.8-1. Special Use
Page 139 and 140: Table 5.1-1. Past, Present, and Rea
Page 141 and 142: Table 5.1-2. Past, Present, and Rea
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Appendix A Characteristics of Chaff
Page 159 and 160:
APPENDIX A CHARACTERISTICS OF CHAFF
Page 161 and 162:
Table 2. Characteristics of RR-188
Page 163 and 164:
they demonstrate ejection of 98 per
Page 165 and 166:
Appendix B Characteristics and Anal
Page 167 and 168:
APPENDIX B CHARACTERISTICS AND ANAL
Page 169 and 170:
Figure 1. MJU-10/B Flare F-22 Plus-
Page 171 and 172:
Flare failure would occur if the fl
Page 173 and 174:
4.2 Flare Strike Risk Residual flar
Page 175 and 176:
and velocity. A slug is defined as
Page 177 and 178:
The S&I device maximum momentum wou
Page 179 and 180:
Appendix C Public and Agency Outrea
Page 182 and 183:
Page 184:
Senator Lisa Murkowski ATTN: Karen
Page 187:
New Koliganek Village Council ATTN:
Page 211 and 212:
Alaska Department of Natural Resour
Page 213 and 214:
Eklutna Native Village ATTN: Doroth
Page 216 and 217:
Page 218 and 219:
Page 220 and 221:
Village of Stony River ATTN: Mary W
Page 223 and 224:
Page 225 and 226:
Page 227 and 228:
Village of Stony River ATTN: Mary W
Page 229 and 230:
Appendix D Aircraft Noise Analysis
Page 231 and 232:
Page 233 and 234:
Page 235 and 236:
Page 237 and 238:
Page 239 and 240:
Page 241 and 242:
Page 243 and 244:
Page 245 and 246:
Page 247 and 248:
Page 249 and 250:
Page 251 and 252:
Page 253 and 254:
Page 255 and 256:
Page 257 and 258:
Page 259 and 260:
Page 261 and 262:
Appendix E Sec 7 (ESA) Compliance W
Page 263 and 264:
SECTION 7 (ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT)
Page 265 and 266:
not require additional construction
Page 267 and 268:
Other diet items include cod, pollo
Page 269 and 270:
1.5.6 Northern Sea Otter—Southwes
Page 271 and 272:
Most sound is actually transmitted
Page 273 and 274:
The visual experience of an F-22 ov
Page 275 and 276:
Figure 2. Water Surface Area Below
Page 277 and 278:
Page 279 and 280:
Page 281 and 282:
Page 283 and 284:
approached by projected sound level
Page 285 and 286:
whale are considered to be possible
Page 287 and 288:
_____. 2010c. Proposed Critical Hab
Page 289 and 290:
APPENDIX 1. NOISE IMPACTS ASSESSMEN
Page 291 and 292:
important in determining whether an
Page 293 and 294:
SPL (dB) Frequency (Hz) Figure 2. U
Page 295 and 296:
e 1 µPa, 125-130 dB re 1 µPa, and
Page 297 and 298:
1.18 Appendix 1 References Blackwel
Page 299 and 300:
APPENDIX 2. INFORMATION ON BELUGA W
Page 301 and 302:
Delphinapterus leucas, after exposu
Page 310 and 311:
This page intentionally left blank.
Page 312 and 313:
Page 314 and 315:
F2.1 Ungulates Wild ungulates appea
Page 316 and 317:
F2.2 Waterfowl and Other Waterbirds
Page 318 and 319:
leaving an aircraft during training
Page 320 and 321:
Cavedo, A. M., K. S. Latimer, H. L.
Page 322 and 323:
Perry, E. A., D. J. Boness, and S.
Page 324 and 325:
show all

F-22 Plus-Up Environmental Assessment - Joint Base Elmendorf ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?