TITRE Adaptive Packet Video Streaming Over IP Networks - LaBRI

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0.117 0.116 MPEG-4 Based Layer Stream MPEG-4 Enhanced Layer Stream 1 MPEG-4 Enhanced Layer Stream 2 End-to-end delay 0.115 0.114 0.113 Time (s) 0.112 0.111 0.11 0.109 0.108 0.107 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 Packets Number Figure 5-27: End-to-end transfer delay with IP Diffserv - network load > 95% - 5.5.3 Performance Analysis of the Dynamic QoS Adaptation Model 5.5.3.1 System and Network Models Figure 5-28 depicts our experiments testbed. User transmits a customized traffic (MPEG-4 simple profile traffic) across a Differentiated Services network. The network is composed of Diffserv capable routers. We use Linux-based IP routers with Diffserv implementation [153], [154]. The testbed is composed of two edge routers connecting by 10 Mb/s Ethernet links. Traffic transmitter out-of-profile depending on monitor Edge + PEP Rule1 Rule2 Rule3 COPS Configuration 10 mb/s Policy Server PDP Bandwidth Broker Monitoring Information Core + PEP 10 mb/s User Traffic Receiver Edge + PEP Traffic receiver Diffserv Domain User Traffic transmitter Figure 5-28: Experimental environment 132
By using our PBNM tool, we allocated 1.5Mbit/s for each AF class (i.e. AF1, 2, 3 and 4), all of which are bounded. We limit the amount of EF traffic to 15% of the bandwidth capacity rate, i.e. 1.5Mbit and we allocated 3.5Mbit for the best effort traffic that are allowed to borrow any available bandwidth. To get distinguish class of service, we used CBQ as our packet scheduler, In our implementation, CBQ is used to classify EF, AF, and BE traffic so that each user can get appropriate resources based on packet marking. The scheduler of the Diffserv core router employs GRED queuing discipline to support multiple drop priorities as required for the AF PHB group. The network is load using n IP traffic generator. One traffic generator is composed of a traffic sender and a traffic receiver. The traffic sender generates a UDP packet of 1024 bytes with IP and UDP headers according to a Poisson distribution with parameter λ = 128 packet/s that gives 1Mbit/s per traffic generator. In our test, and since our Ethernet links are 10 Mbit/s, we have taken n=5, n=7 and n=10 in order to load the network differently each time. Each source can be either on or off during exponentially distribution on/off period with an average of λ = λ = s . on off 1 Edge router performs policy for particular video traffic, which is identified by a couple . Policy determines whether the video traffic is in or out-of profile. This task is done by a token bucket (r,b) (r is the rate at which the token are placed in the bucket and b the size of bucket) optional parameters can be used such as a peak rate (p), a minimum policed unit (m), and a maximum datagram size (M). The token bucket and peak rate parameters require that traffic obeys the rule that over all time periods, the amount of data sent cannot exceed M+min[pT, rT+b-M] [173]. M is the maximum datagram size, and T is the length of time period. Datagrams which arrive at an element and cause a violation of the M+min[pT, rT+b-M] bound are considered out of profile (non-conformant) and require a decision from the PDP. In our experiment, we take these parameters for the token bucket: r=600Kbit/s and b=2K, to handle user traffic. This means that video traffic must not exceed 600Kbit/s otherwise it will be considered as out-of-profile traffic. For a testing purpose, we transmit a high quality MPEG-4 simple profile video stream to see the reaction of our system. Figure 5-29 shows the MPEG-4 video stream sent by video application. The average rate of this video is about 800Kbit/s and the peak rate is about 1.4Mbit/s. Video traffic is not conform to the traffic specification, the exceed traffic is considered out-of-profile. Edge router marks the video traffic according to the dynamic policy provisioning. In our experiment, in profile traffic will be marked with Gold PHB as much as there is no congestion and when congestion occurs it will be marked with Bronze PHB. Out-of-profile traffic will be marked either by Gold or Silver or it can be dropped (according to network status) dynamically. 133
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UNIVERSITÉ DE VERSAILLES SAINT-QUE
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Résumé Nous constatons aujourd’
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3 Related Work ....................
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5.5.1.2 Simulation Results.........
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List of Figures Figure 1-1: Structu
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Figure 5-15: End-to-end packet tran
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Acknowledgments The first person I
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[11] Toufik Ahmed, Guillaume Burida
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d’accès. Les interactions de QoS
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Métrique MAX_DELAY PREF_MAX_DELAY
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1.1.2 Proposition dun Protocole d'E
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des paquets RTP. Reste toujours le
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Nous pouvons distinguer trois possi
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1.1.2.5.2 Multiplexage des Flux El
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l’horloge est par défaut égale
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La valeur R TCP représente le déb
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Pour ces raisons, nous nous intére
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Telles que illustrés par la Figure
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3. DMIF2SIP vérifie si son propre
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utilisée optionnellement pour loca
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Chapter 2 2 Introduction 2.1 Motiva
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conditions. Based on end-to-end fee
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Chapter 3 3 Related Work Nowadays,
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• multicasting: it takes the stre
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expensive, fixed delivery and recep
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3.1.6 Static vs. Dynamic Channels T
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environment because they require a
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H.261 is called video codec for aud
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VideoScene (VS) VideoObject (VO) Vi
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The emphasis of MPEG-7 will be the
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Temporal scalability involves parti
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multitude of streams. It can switch
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increased linearly in the absence o
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3.2.2.1 End-to-End Retransmission R
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correctly received block. The missi
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epresent user traffic. The delay ca
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3.2.5 IP Signaling Protocols for Pa
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two H.323 endpoints or between an e
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Chapter 4 4 Adaptive Packet Video T
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4.1.1 Video Classification Model Pr
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attributes can refer to the QoS par
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In RBF, 2 D = X − is the distance
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Figure 4-6: Experiment testbed In t
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190 180 170 End-to-end delay MPEG-4
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Sync Layer. The SL-packetized strea
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conveyed by MIME format parameters
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the same value. This timing informa
Page 97 and 98: 4.2.2.1 Fragmentation We propose to
Page 99 and 100: Timestamp: Indicates the sampling i
Page 101 and 102: When G is used as generator matrix,
Page 103 and 104: 4.2.3 Performance Evaluation Intens
Page 105 and 106: 0.3 0.25 our proposal classical app
Page 107 and 108: lost packet at the receiver. Conseq
Page 109 and 110: marking scheme. The server must be
Page 111 and 112: The video server adds audio-visual
Page 113 and 114: Marker (TR3CM) [131] to mark the ba
Page 115 and 116: VO1 VO2 AVO Scenario Audio BL EL1 E
Page 117 and 118: Throughput (Kbits) 3000 2500 2000 1
Page 119 and 120: Throughput (Kbits) 3000 2500 2000 1
Page 121 and 122: 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000
Page 123 and 124: 45 40 Original Quality Received Qua
Page 125 and 126: Chapter 5 5 A Dynamic Packet Video
Page 127 and 128: The TCM algorithm is based on a tok
Page 129 and 130: BEGIN Initialize the classification
Page 131 and 132: User Profile (Token Bucket) Traffic
Page 133 and 134: 5.3.3 QoS Management Algorithm Spec
Page 135 and 136: Figure 5-7: Hierarchical aggregatio
Page 137 and 138: • Filters: to put packets into cl
Page 139 and 140: mechanism associated with the Drop
Page 141 and 142: Figure 5-16: Packets loss with IP D
Page 143 and 144: 5.5.2.3 Experimental Results Figure
Page 145 and 146: 1 MPEG-4 Based Layer Stream -AF11 M
Page 147: 0.2 0.18 MPEG-4 Based Layer Stream
Page 151 and 152: Id Condition Indicator Action 1 Net
Page 153 and 154: The proposed marking algorithm bett
Page 155 and 156: Chapter 6 6 A SIP/MPEG-4 Multimedia
Page 157 and 158: performed by many ways like SLA (Se
Page 159 and 160: 6.1.1.4 SIP Communication Model SIP
Page 161 and 162: • It assign a value (network sess
Page 163 and 164: 6.2.1 SIP2DMIF Subsystem The SIP2DM
Page 165 and 166: Step 1: The MPEG-4 Terminal passes
Page 167 and 168: 1. Set the result C to the empty se
Page 169 and 170: TCP/UDP port, our implementation us
Page 171 and 172: Control & Data Plan Video Rate Cont
Page 173 and 174: characteristics and relevance of ea
Page 175 and 176: References [1] Kazaa Media Desktop
Page 177 and 178: [43] B. Schuster, “Fine granular
Page 179 and 180: [79] D. Bansal and H. Balakrishnan,
Page 181 and 182: [115] N. Laoutaris, I. Stavrakakis,
Page 183 and 184: [154] W. Almesberger, J. H. Salim,
Page 185 and 186: Appendix A A Appendix A: Overview o
Page 187 and 188: Media aware Delivery unaware ISO/IE
Page 189 and 190: A.3.3 Scene Description Streams Sce
Page 191: This appendix presents structure ex
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