TITRE Adaptive Packet Video Streaming Over IP Networks - LaBRI

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% Packets Dropped (100%) 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 Packet Drop MPEG-4 O3: The person MPEG-4 O2: The background MPEG-4 O1: The Logo 0 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 Time (s) (a) Standard MPEG-4 framework % Packets Dropped (100%) 0.12 0.11 0.1 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.05 Packet Drop MPEG-4 O3: The person MPEG-4 O2: The background MPEG-4 O1: The Logo 0.04 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 Time (s) (b) MPEG-4 framework with Classification Layer Figure 4-8: MPEG-4 AVO packet loss ratio 4.2 An MPEG-4 Application Level Framing Protocol As defined in the MPEG-4 Architecture [22],[23],[24], the compression layer compresses the visual information and generates elementary streams (ESs), which contain the coded representation of an AVO. The Elementary Streams are packetized as a sequence of SL-packetized streams at the 74
Sync Layer. The SL-packetized streams provide timing and synchronization information, as well as fragmentation and random access information. The SL-packetized streams are multiplexed into a FlexMux stream at the Delivery Layer, which is then passed to the transport protocol stacks such as RTP/UDP/IP. The resulting IP packets are then transported over the network. At the receiver side, the video stream is processed in the reversed manner before its presentation. The received AVOs are decoded and buffered before being composed by the player. To transmit MPEG-4 stream over the network, it is necessary to adapt this stream to the network. This is performed by the Application Level Framing (ALF) protocols. ALF protocol allows the application to get its own control over mechanisms that traditionally fall within the transport layer e.g., loss detection and recovery. ALF differ from one stream to another. It is specific to a particular stream format and application. A common ALF used for multimedia application is the RTP protocol. There are a number of RTP packetization schemes for MPEG-4 data. Some works presented in [156], [157], [158], [159] and [160] specify how the MPEG-4 streams should be fragmented and packetized to be conveyed over IP network. We summery these works as follows: • MPEG-4 System over RTP (Section 4.2.1.1) • MPEG-4 System over RTP with Error Protection (Section 4.2.1.2) • RTP Payload Format for MPEG-4 Audio/Visual Streams (Section 4.2.1.3) • RTP Payload Format with Reduced SL Header (Section 4.2.1.4) • RTP Payload Format for MPEG-4 FlexMultiplexed Streams(Section 4.2.1.5) It is clear that many packetization schemes can be implemented together in one terminal. Each packetization scheme is basically adapted to a particular media stream. This technique is called media-aware packetization. For example, a video object plane is fragmented at recoverable subframe boundaries to avoid any error propagation. It is likely that several RTP packetization schemes will be needed to suit the different kinds of media types and encoding. Also, it is clear that the video packetization scheme is not the same as the audio packetization scheme. Thus, we proposed and new RTP payload scheme for MPEG-4 Video transport over IP and for MPEG-4 audio. 4.2.1 Related Work 4.2.1.1 MPEG-4 System over RTP This is the generic approach for encapsulating audiovisual data over RTP [161]. MPEG-4 SL- PDU packets are directly encapsulated into RTP packet without optimization. This approach is implemented by using the transmission time or the MPEG-4 composition time to initialize the RTP timestamp field. However, due to the duplication of header information, like sequence numbering and time stamps, this approach increases the overhead and it is not considered as efficient. 75
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UNIVERSITÉ DE VERSAILLES SAINT-QUE
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Résumé Nous constatons aujourd’
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3 Related Work ....................
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5.5.1.2 Simulation Results.........
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List of Figures Figure 1-1: Structu
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Figure 5-15: End-to-end packet tran
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Acknowledgments The first person I
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[11] Toufik Ahmed, Guillaume Burida
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d’accès. Les interactions de QoS
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Métrique MAX_DELAY PREF_MAX_DELAY
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1.1.2 Proposition dun Protocole d'E
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des paquets RTP. Reste toujours le
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Nous pouvons distinguer trois possi
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1.1.2.5.2 Multiplexage des Flux El
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l’horloge est par défaut égale
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La valeur R TCP représente le déb
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Pour ces raisons, nous nous intére
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Telles que illustrés par la Figure
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3. DMIF2SIP vérifie si son propre
Page 40 and 41: utilisée optionnellement pour loca
Page 42 and 43: Chapter 2 2 Introduction 2.1 Motiva
Page 44 and 45: conditions. Based on end-to-end fee
Page 46 and 47: Chapter 3 3 Related Work Nowadays,
Page 48 and 49: • multicasting: it takes the stre
Page 50 and 51: expensive, fixed delivery and recep
Page 52 and 53: 3.1.6 Static vs. Dynamic Channels T
Page 54 and 55: environment because they require a
Page 56 and 57: H.261 is called video codec for aud
Page 58 and 59: VideoScene (VS) VideoObject (VO) Vi
Page 60 and 61: The emphasis of MPEG-7 will be the
Page 62 and 63: Temporal scalability involves parti
Page 64 and 65: multitude of streams. It can switch
Page 66 and 67: increased linearly in the absence o
Page 68 and 69: 3.2.2.1 End-to-End Retransmission R
Page 70 and 71: correctly received block. The missi
Page 72 and 73: epresent user traffic. The delay ca
Page 74 and 75: 3.2.5 IP Signaling Protocols for Pa
Page 76 and 77: two H.323 endpoints or between an e
Page 79 and 80: Chapter 4 4 Adaptive Packet Video T
Page 81 and 82: 4.1.1 Video Classification Model Pr
Page 83 and 84: attributes can refer to the QoS par
Page 85 and 86: In RBF, 2 D = X − is the distance
Page 87 and 88: Figure 4-6: Experiment testbed In t
Page 89: 190 180 170 End-to-end delay MPEG-4
Page 93 and 94: conveyed by MIME format parameters
Page 95 and 96: the same value. This timing informa
Page 97 and 98: 4.2.2.1 Fragmentation We propose to
Page 99 and 100: Timestamp: Indicates the sampling i
Page 101 and 102: When G is used as generator matrix,
Page 103 and 104: 4.2.3 Performance Evaluation Intens
Page 105 and 106: 0.3 0.25 our proposal classical app
Page 107 and 108: lost packet at the receiver. Conseq
Page 109 and 110: marking scheme. The server must be
Page 111 and 112: The video server adds audio-visual
Page 113 and 114: Marker (TR3CM) [131] to mark the ba
Page 115 and 116: VO1 VO2 AVO Scenario Audio BL EL1 E
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Page 123 and 124: 45 40 Original Quality Received Qua
Page 125 and 126: Chapter 5 5 A Dynamic Packet Video
Page 127 and 128: The TCM algorithm is based on a tok
Page 129 and 130: BEGIN Initialize the classification
Page 131 and 132: User Profile (Token Bucket) Traffic
Page 133 and 134: 5.3.3 QoS Management Algorithm Spec
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Page 137 and 138: • Filters: to put packets into cl
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Figure 5-16: Packets loss with IP D
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5.5.2.3 Experimental Results Figure
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1 MPEG-4 Based Layer Stream -AF11 M
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0.2 0.18 MPEG-4 Based Layer Stream
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By using our PBNM tool, we allocate
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Id Condition Indicator Action 1 Net
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The proposed marking algorithm bett
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Chapter 6 6 A SIP/MPEG-4 Multimedia
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performed by many ways like SLA (Se
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6.1.1.4 SIP Communication Model SIP
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• It assign a value (network sess
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6.2.1 SIP2DMIF Subsystem The SIP2DM
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Step 1: The MPEG-4 Terminal passes
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1. Set the result C to the empty se
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TCP/UDP port, our implementation us
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Control & Data Plan Video Rate Cont
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characteristics and relevance of ea
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References [1] Kazaa Media Desktop
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[43] B. Schuster, “Fine granular
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[79] D. Bansal and H. Balakrishnan,
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[115] N. Laoutaris, I. Stavrakakis,
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[154] W. Almesberger, J. H. Salim,
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Appendix A A Appendix A: Overview o
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Media aware Delivery unaware ISO/IE
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A.3.3 Scene Description Streams Sce
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This appendix presents structure ex
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