TITRE Adaptive Packet Video Streaming Over IP Networks - LaBRI

3 Related Work ......................................................................................................................30
3.1 Taxonomy of Packet Video Applications ........................................................................... 31
3.1.1 Unicast, Multicast, Broadcast, and Anycast Video Communications........................ 31
3.1.2 Live vs. Pre-Encoded Video Applications ..................................................................... 32
3.1.3 Video Downloading vs. Video Streaming ...................................................................... 33
3.1.4 Interactive vs. Non Interactive Video Applications ..................................................... 34
3.1.5 Constant Bit Rate vs. Variable Bit Rate Video Applications....................................... 35
3.1.6 Static vs. Dynamic Channels ............................................................................................ 36
3.2 Requirements and Challenges for Packet Video Applications over IP.......................... 36
3.2.1 Bandwidth Management ................................................................................................... 37
3.2.1.1 Video Compression Standards.................................................................................. 37
3.2.1.2 Video Scalability Coding Model................................................................................ 44
3.2.1.3 Simultaneous Store and Stream ................................................................................ 47
3.2.1.4 Stream Switching......................................................................................................... 47
3.2.1.5 Simulcast.......................................................................................................................47
3.2.1.6 Real-Time Single Stage Encoding............................................................................. 48
3.2.1.7 Transcoding.................................................................................................................. 48
3.2.1.8 Streaming over TCP.................................................................................................... 48
3.2.1.9 Streaming over UDP .................................................................................................. 48
3.2.1.10 Streaming over Rate Controlled UDP: TCP-Friendly ........................................ 48
3.2.1.11 Media Caching ........................................................................................................... 50
3.2.1.12 Video Smoothing ...................................................................................................... 50
3.2.2 Loss and Error Management............................................................................................ 51
3.2.2.1 End-to-End Retransmission...................................................................................... 52
3.2.2.2 Forwarding Error Correction.................................................................................... 52
3.2.2.3 Data Interleaving......................................................................................................... 52
3.2.2.4 Error Resilience: Application Level Framing and Data Partitioning.................. 52
3.2.2.5 Error Concealment ..................................................................................................... 53
3.2.3 Delay Management............................................................................................................. 54
3.2.3.1 End-to-End Delay Management............................................................................... 54
3.2.3.2 Jitter Management....................................................................................................... 54
3.2.4 IP QoS Network Management ........................................................................................ 54
3.2.4.1 Best Effort Services .................................................................................................... 55
3.2.4.2 Integrated Services ...................................................................................................... 55
3.2.4.3 Differentiated Services ............................................................................................... 56
3.2.4.4 Multiprotocol Label Switching.................................................................................. 57
3.2.5 IP Signaling Protocols for Packet Video Applications................................................. 58
3.2.5.1 QoS Control Signaling Protocols ............................................................................. 58
3.2.5.2 Session Control Signaling Protocol.......................................................................... 58
4 Adaptive Packet Video Transport over IP Networks...................................................63
4.1 A Content-Based Video Classification Model.................................................................... 64
4.1.1 Video Classification Model Properties............................................................................ 65
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