TITRE Adaptive Packet Video Streaming Over IP Networks - LaBRI

More documents

Recommendations

Info

3.2.5 IP Signaling Protocols for Packet Video Applications Signaling protocols over IP networks such as the Internet offer intelligent network services to the applications in particular packet video applications. Two core signaling protocols are discussed in these subsections. The first category is related to QoS signaling protocol such as RSVP, RTP/RTCP, and COPS. The second category concerns session signaling protocol such as H.323, SIP, and MPEG-4 DMIF. 3.2.5.1 QoS Control Signaling Protocols QoS Control signaling protocols are defined in order to provide Quality of Service support between network nodes and the applications. The signaling protocol defines a set of algorithms, messages, and parameters used by the network to assure Quality of Service to user traffic. In particular, QoS signaling helps to provide differentiated delivery services for individual flows or aggregates, network provisioning, admission control, service guarantee, control load service, etc. Dynamic QoS management could be provided using QoS signaling protocols. We present in the following subsections two QoS signaling mechanisms which were developed to implement Integrated Services Framework and Differentiated Services Framework. These protocols are RSVP (Resource Reservation Protocol) and COPS (Common Open Policy Service). 3.2.5.1.1 RSVP RSVP (Resource Reservation Protocol) [136] is a signaling protocol for resource reservation in IP networks. Communally it is used for Intserv architecture (controlled load and guarantee service). RSVP is an object-based message protocol which provides mechanisms to the application to request a specific QoS from the network. RSVP carries the request through the network, visiting each network element and attempts to make a resource reservation for the stream. To make a resource reservation, the RSVP communicates with two local decision modules, admission control and policy control. Admission control determines whether the network element has sufficient available resources to supply the requested QoS. Policy control determines whether the user has administrative permission to make the reservation. RSVP supports both multicast and unicast traffic, for IPV4 and IPV6 clients. 3.2.5.1.2 COPS Protocol The COPS (Common Open Policy Service) [137] Protocol is a QoS signaling protocols supporting policy control over a simple client/server model. The protocol describes a simple query and response protocol that can be used to exchange policy information between a policy server (Policy Decision Point or PDP) and its clients (Policy Enforcement Points or PEPs). One example of a policy client is an RSVP router that must exercise policy-based admission control over RSVP usage (COPS-RSVP) [138] or a Diffserv client that receives configuration information about Diffserv elements like meter, classifier, scheduler, shaper, etc. (COPS-PR) [139]. 3.2.5.2 Session Control Signaling Protocol Packet video application has grown rapidly in the last few years. This rapid expansion and potential is essentially due to standardization bodies that enable protocols and services. Actually, it appears likely that both IETF SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) [140] with SDP (Session 58
Description Protocol) [141] and the ITU-T recommendation H.323 [142][143] will be used for setting up packet video applications such and multimedia conferences and telephone calls. While these two protocols are comparable in their features, SIP provides a higher flexibility to add new features; a relatively easier implementation; and a better integration with other IP related protocols. In the other hand, the recent ISO/IEC MPEG-4 standards target a broad range of low-bit rates multimedia applications: from classical streaming video and TV broadcasting to highly interactive applications with dynamic audio-visual scene customization (e.g. e-learning, videoconferencing). This is achieved by the MPEG-4 control plan, namely DMIF (Delivery Multimedia Integration Framework) [144]. Figure 3-12 illustrates the different body that originates signaling protocols. The rest of this section discusses some features about these protocols. Session Signaling Protocols ITU-T IETF ISO H.323 Suite DSM-CC, DMIF RTSP SAP SIP Figure 3-12: Taxonomy of multimedia session control signaling protocols 3.2.5.2.1 ITU-T H.323 Suite The documents covering the H.323 protocol suite are created mainly by the International Multimedia Teleconferencing Consortium (IMTC) and are distributed by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU). The IUT first published the H.323 suite of protocols, including the ISDN-derived signaling mechanism in 1996 [142], and has updated the specification since then [143]. H.323 has proven to be a strong candidate for large-scale service providers and for enterprise telephony, video, and data conferencing applications. This standard is based on the RTP and RTCP, with additional protocols for call signaling, and data and audiovisual communications. H.323 defines how audio and video information is formatted and packaged for transmission over the network. The H.323 protocol architecture is defined by a set of specific functions for framing and call control, audio and video codecs and data communication. • Registration, admission, and status (RAS): RAS is the protocol between endpoints (terminals and gateways) and Gatekeepers (GKs). The RAS is used to perform registration, admission control, bandwidth changes, status, and disengage procedures between endpoints and GKs. An RAS channel is used to exchange RAS messages. This signaling channel is opened between an endpoint and a GK prior to the establishment of any other channels. • H.225 Call Signaling and Q.931: H.225 call signaling is used to establish a connection between two H.323 endpoints. This is achieved by exchanging H.225 protocol messages on the call-signaling channel. The call-signaling channel is opened between 59
Page 1:
UNIVERSITÉ DE VERSAILLES SAINT-QUE
Page 4 and 5:
Résumé Nous constatons aujourd’
Page 6 and 7:
3 Related Work ....................
Page 8 and 9:
5.5.1.2 Simulation Results.........
Page 10 and 11:
List of Figures Figure 1-1: Structu
Page 12 and 13:
Figure 5-15: End-to-end packet tran
Page 14 and 15:
Acknowledgments The first person I
Page 16 and 17:
[11] Toufik Ahmed, Guillaume Burida
Page 18 and 19:
d’accès. Les interactions de QoS
Page 20 and 21:
Métrique MAX_DELAY PREF_MAX_DELAY
Page 22 and 23:
1.1.2 Proposition dun Protocole d'E
Page 24 and 25: des paquets RTP. Reste toujours le
Page 26 and 27: Nous pouvons distinguer trois possi
Page 28 and 29: 1.1.2.5.2 Multiplexage des Flux El
Page 30 and 31: l’horloge est par défaut égale
Page 32 and 33: La valeur R TCP représente le déb
Page 34 and 35: Pour ces raisons, nous nous intére
Page 36 and 37: Telles que illustrés par la Figure
Page 38 and 39: 3. DMIF2SIP vérifie si son propre
Page 40 and 41: utilisée optionnellement pour loca
Page 42 and 43: Chapter 2 2 Introduction 2.1 Motiva
Page 44 and 45: conditions. Based on end-to-end fee
Page 46 and 47: Chapter 3 3 Related Work Nowadays,
Page 48 and 49: • multicasting: it takes the stre
Page 50 and 51: expensive, fixed delivery and recep
Page 52 and 53: 3.1.6 Static vs. Dynamic Channels T
Page 54 and 55: environment because they require a
Page 56 and 57: H.261 is called video codec for aud
Page 58 and 59: VideoScene (VS) VideoObject (VO) Vi
Page 60 and 61: The emphasis of MPEG-7 will be the
Page 62 and 63: Temporal scalability involves parti
Page 64 and 65: multitude of streams. It can switch
Page 66 and 67: increased linearly in the absence o
Page 68 and 69: 3.2.2.1 End-to-End Retransmission R
Page 70 and 71: correctly received block. The missi
Page 72 and 73: epresent user traffic. The delay ca
Page 76 and 77: two H.323 endpoints or between an e
Page 79 and 80: Chapter 4 4 Adaptive Packet Video T
Page 81 and 82: 4.1.1 Video Classification Model Pr
Page 83 and 84: attributes can refer to the QoS par
Page 85 and 86: In RBF, 2 D = X − is the distance
Page 87 and 88: Figure 4-6: Experiment testbed In t
Page 89 and 90: 190 180 170 End-to-end delay MPEG-4
Page 91 and 92: Sync Layer. The SL-packetized strea
Page 93 and 94: conveyed by MIME format parameters
Page 95 and 96: the same value. This timing informa
Page 97 and 98: 4.2.2.1 Fragmentation We propose to
Page 99 and 100: Timestamp: Indicates the sampling i
Page 101 and 102: When G is used as generator matrix,
Page 103 and 104: 4.2.3 Performance Evaluation Intens
Page 105 and 106: 0.3 0.25 our proposal classical app
Page 107 and 108: lost packet at the receiver. Conseq
Page 109 and 110: marking scheme. The server must be
Page 111 and 112: The video server adds audio-visual
Page 113 and 114: Marker (TR3CM) [131] to mark the ba
Page 115 and 116: VO1 VO2 AVO Scenario Audio BL EL1 E
Page 117 and 118: Throughput (Kbits) 3000 2500 2000 1
Page 119 and 120: Throughput (Kbits) 3000 2500 2000 1
Page 121 and 122: 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000
Page 123 and 124: 45 40 Original Quality Received Qua
Page 125 and 126:
Chapter 5 5 A Dynamic Packet Video
Page 127 and 128:
The TCM algorithm is based on a tok
Page 129 and 130:
BEGIN Initialize the classification
Page 131 and 132:
User Profile (Token Bucket) Traffic
Page 133 and 134:
5.3.3 QoS Management Algorithm Spec
Page 135 and 136:
Figure 5-7: Hierarchical aggregatio
Page 137 and 138:
• Filters: to put packets into cl
Page 139 and 140:
mechanism associated with the Drop
Page 141 and 142:
Figure 5-16: Packets loss with IP D
Page 143 and 144:
5.5.2.3 Experimental Results Figure
Page 145 and 146:
1 MPEG-4 Based Layer Stream -AF11 M
Page 147 and 148:
0.2 0.18 MPEG-4 Based Layer Stream
Page 149 and 150:
By using our PBNM tool, we allocate
Page 151 and 152:
Id Condition Indicator Action 1 Net
Page 153 and 154:
The proposed marking algorithm bett
Page 155 and 156:
Chapter 6 6 A SIP/MPEG-4 Multimedia
Page 157 and 158:
performed by many ways like SLA (Se
Page 159 and 160:
6.1.1.4 SIP Communication Model SIP
Page 161 and 162:
• It assign a value (network sess
Page 163 and 164:
6.2.1 SIP2DMIF Subsystem The SIP2DM
Page 165 and 166:
Step 1: The MPEG-4 Terminal passes
Page 167 and 168:
1. Set the result C to the empty se
Page 169 and 170:
TCP/UDP port, our implementation us
Page 171 and 172:
Control & Data Plan Video Rate Cont
Page 173 and 174:
characteristics and relevance of ea
Page 175 and 176:
References [1] Kazaa Media Desktop
Page 177 and 178:
[43] B. Schuster, “Fine granular
Page 179 and 180:
[79] D. Bansal and H. Balakrishnan,
Page 181 and 182:
[115] N. Laoutaris, I. Stavrakakis,
Page 183 and 184:
[154] W. Almesberger, J. H. Salim,
Page 185 and 186:
Appendix A A Appendix A: Overview o
Page 187 and 188:
Media aware Delivery unaware ISO/IE
Page 189 and 190:
A.3.3 Scene Description Streams Sce
Page 191:
This appendix presents structure ex
show all

TITRE Adaptive Packet Video Streaming Over IP Networks - LaBRI

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?