Untitled

2010010461
俄 罗 斯 欧 洲 部 分 晚 白 垩 世 原 始 鸟 的 大
脑 = On the brain of a primitive bird
from the upper Cretaceous of European
Russia. ( 英 文 ). Kurochkin E N; Saveliev
S V; Postnov A A; Pervushov E M;
Popov E V. Paleontological Journal,
2006, 40(6): 655-667 6 图 版 .
Cerebavis cenomanica gen. et sp. nov.
from the Middle Cenomanian of the
Volgograd Region (Russia) is described
based on a brain mold. The brain of
Cerebavis is characterized by a mosaic
combination of primitive and advanced
features. The brain weight is estimated
as approximately 1 g. The cerebrum is
relatively very large, but lacks sulci. The
brain mold has long olfactory lobes with
large olfactory bulbs, a well-developed
epiphysis, and a parietal organ. The
auditory tubercles on the dorsal surface
of the midbrain are well developed. The
optical lobes are located under the auditory
lobes, caudoventral to the cerebral
hemispheres. The cerebellum is not preserved,
but its imprints just behind the
midbrain suggest that it was probably
relatively small and extended dorsoventrally.
The brain of Cerebavis is similar
in some features to that of Archaeopteryx,
but is substantially more advanced
and more specialized. Cerebavis is similar
to living ornithurine birds in the large
cerebral hemispheres, but differs in the
absence of a well-developed neostriatum,
the presence of excessively developed
olfactory lobes, and in the pattern of the
midbrain. Thus, senses of smell, eyesight,
and hearing were well developed
in Cerebavis. It could have been equally
active in the afternoon and at night. The
unique brain design demonstrated by
Cerebavis has not been repeated in subsequent
evolution. It provides evidence
for a wide diversity of feathered creatures
in the past. Cerebavis probably belongs
to the Enantiornithes.
哺 乳 类
2010010462
欧 洲 绝 灭 的 更 新 世 洞 穴 熊 Ursus spelaeus
的 咬 合 力 = Bite force of the extinct
Pleistocene Cave bear Ursus spelaeus
Rosenmüller from Europe. ( 英 文 ).
Grandal-d’Anglade A. Comptes Rendus
Palevol, 2010, 9(1-2): 31-37
In this paper, I have made a theoretical
calculation of the Cave bear's bite
force (BF) following the “dry skull
method” and I present for the first time
BF data that can be of interest to elucidate
the mechanisms underlying the dietary
choice of the Cave bears. In the
skulls studied, males show higher BF
than females in absolute terms, but more
similar with regard to their body mass,
which partly compensates for the
smaller size of the females. The whole
sample studied shows lower BF in the
upper carnassial than those of large cats,
similar to the one calculated for the Giant
panda and higher than that of Polar
bear.
2010010463
匈 牙 利 外 多 瑙 河 南 部 晚 第 四 纪 毛 状 猛
犸 化 石 = Late Quaternary woolly
mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius
Blum) remains from southern Transdanubia,
Hungary. ( 英 文 ). Konrád G;
Kovács J; Halász A; Sebe K; Pálffy H.
Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2010, 9(1-2):
47-54
Six samples of subfossil tusk, bone
and tooth remains from the woolly
mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius
Blum) were discovered in south-western
Hungary. The remains are relatively
well preserved in a Late Pleistocene
loess deposit. The samples have been
radiocarbon dated (AMS) and are of
Late Weichselian (MIS 2) age (21.8–
24.1 ka cal BP). The skull fragments, the
tusks and maxillary teeth are in close
proximity to associated postcranial remains,
indicating that the mammoth died
where it was found. The size and characteristics
of skeletal elements have al-
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