Tropical Storm Nicole - Planning Institute of Jamaica

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addressed. In this regard, the following approaches to advance disaster risk reduction are recommended: (i) Enforcement of setback standards for gullies and streams. (ii) Demarcation of no build zones, especially in close proximity to gullies in order to preserve life and property. (iii) Protection of gully banks by removal of encroaching structures. (iv) Implementation of an ongoing drain maintenance programme (v) Amendment of the Water Resources Act to make the regulation of Floodwater Control the responsibility of the WRA. This would allow a shift from the present reactive state in dealing with flooding to a more proactive one. The WRA assuming the responsibility for regulation of Floodwater Control would facilitate mapping of flood prone areas, hydrologic run-off assessments/modelling to determine flood boundaries for different return periods, and determination of what structures/development should be allowed within those boundaries. (vi) Mapping and delineation of flood prone areas that can be used for non-residential purposes such as agriculture where the impact on life and property would be lessened. (vii) Delineation of areas above a certain elevation where residential development can take place, and the implementation of measures to maintain floodwaters at an elevation below the residential development. (viii) Mapping of sinkholes in depressions that are flood prone and developing a plan to establish buffer zones around these sinkholes, keep them open and improve drainage capability. (ix) Provision of resources to enable the installation of rainfall intensity gauges in the Watershed Management Units to improve the analysis of extreme events and forecasting to mitigate flooding. (x) Improving ecosystems management so as to make them more resilient to natural hazards. The social and economic benefits will be through reduced exposure to natural events as ecosystems provide a buffering service. 76
Proposed Projects Apart from projects designed to restore and rehabilitate damaged infrastructure and public buildings and facilities, the following projects are proposed to stave off further damage, especially those associated with flooding: (i) Flood Prevention and Mitigation Planning through improved Sinkhole Management Sinkholes are a common feature of Jamaica’s limestone topography. Over the years, major flooding has occurred in Jamaica around sinkholes which dominate the limestone areas of Jamaica. Inappropriate land use in the areas surrounding sinkholes have often resulted in blockage of sinkholes with the result that they are unable to perform their function of draining water away from the land surface. This has caused flooding in several areas, some of which have led to significant damage and losses. The instances of flooding associated with sinkholes could be reduced with improved management of these physical features. This could be facilitated with better information about sinkholes, which would facilitate the prevention and mitigation programmes. This project proposes to reduce sinkhole flooding by mapping sinkholes, undertaking geologic and hydrologic analyses of sinkholes; and developing a prevention and mitigation management plan for sinkholes. This would include establishing buffer zones to ensure and improve drainage capability including the drilling and use of drainage wells. (ii) Hydrological Modelling of River Flooding Riverine flooding is a major contributor to natural disasters in Jamaica. The spread of water over the flood plains of these rivers has a temporal component which is not normally captured in the traditional way of preparing flood hazard maps and as such do not provide the right information to aid development planning. Simulating scenario floods through modelling can help in these cases. This project will execute hydrologic modelling of major rivers (riverine flood flows) to determine flood boundaries. The outputs of the project will provide local authorities with information to guide approval of development within the various boundaries. It will also be of assistance to disaster planners for the development of evacuation plans 77
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JAMAICA MACRO SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND EN
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TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION .
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Radar Com
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Executive Summary Description of th
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Infrastructure As in the case with
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Education Total damage to education
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I. INTRODUCTION The Meteorological
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On September 30, most parishes cont
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Table 1: Wind Analysis Parish Stati
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• Clarendon - Grimmith recorded 3
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The National Aeronautics and Space
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In the aftermath of the event, the
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Major landslide on the Maggotty mai
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The entrance to the Apple Valley Pa
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Figure 8: Areas Critically Affected
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Figure 9: Communities Affected by T
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elated to the weather event were tr
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At the time of the event, the predo
Page 37 and 38: Figure 10: Damage to Educational In
Page 39 and 40: C. Public Buildings a) Correctional
Page 41 and 42: Figure 12: Summary of Damage to the
Page 43 and 44: 3. Vector Control - Comprehensive p
Page 45 and 46: Figure 13: Total Damage to Agricult
Page 47 and 48: Table 15: Preliminary Costs of Dama
Page 49 and 50: Table 17: Preliminary Estimates of
Page 51 and 52: B. Tourism Sector General Overview
Page 53 and 54: Damage Preliminary cost of damage i
Page 55 and 56: IV. INFRASTRUCTURE The country’s
Page 57 and 58: islandwide. The number of customers
Page 59 and 60: The NWC was able to restore most of
Page 61 and 62: Table 23: Preliminary Cost To Re-Op
Page 63 and 64: As a result trips were shortened an
Page 65 and 66: events (Hurricane Ivan, 2004; Hurri
Page 67 and 68: Figure 18). Seagrass beds along wit
Page 69 and 70: Figure 19: Eroded section of Long B
Page 71 and 72: Waste Significant volumes of waste
Page 73 and 74: VI. MACROECONOMIC IMPACT OF TROPICA
Page 75 and 76: unemployment levels; and 2) reduced
Page 77 and 78: January April July October January
Page 79 and 80: domestic market, business and consu
Page 81 and 82: State of Emergency in sections of K
Page 83 and 84: mainly to a reduction in outflow of
Page 85 and 86: • a $4.0 million grant to assist
Page 87: VII. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Page 91 and 92: APPENDIX 79
Page 93 and 94: RADAR SUMMARY DATE : September 26,
Page 107 and 108: APPENDIX 3 Depression in New Market
Page 109: Blocked drain 97
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Tropical Storm Nicole - Planning Institute of Jamaica

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